高考英语一轮复习 议论文阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025春 广州校级期末） Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos.For every pack of yogurt that a person bought，he would donate yogurt to a family in need.Danone had done its research.Increasingly，people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose.Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing.But Juntos was a failure.Despite sinking millions into a marketing campaign，Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched.Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt.
What happened？To find the reason behind Juntos' failure，Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option.They reminded some to focus on the "purposeful and valuable" aspect while others were told to "enjoy themselves" and focus on "delight and pleasure." They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place.
So why were meaning﹣seekers cheaping out？Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision﹣making to find out.He learned that meaning﹣oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives.Instead，they were occupied with what else they could do with their money.
I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices.But cheap products can create many problems.Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher﹣end ones.As a result，we shop more often，which is ultimately worse for our wallets.Plus，that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment.Thanks in part to fast fashion，people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago.The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime shipping combined.
So before you dive into your wallet for some deals，try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving.Think carefully about what you are buying，too.
（1）What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos？ 　 　
A．It ignored marketing strategies.
B．It priced itself relatively high.
C．It lacked a particularly good taste.
D．It focused on delight and pleasure.
（2）What can be inferred about meaning seekers？ 　 　
A．They frequent high﹣end stores.
B．They think products extend their lives.
C．They hesitate to make decisions.
D．They make more purchases with money.
（3）Which of the following does the writer suggest ？ 　 　
A．Realizing the downside of cheap purchases.
B．Boosting the development of fast fashion.
C．Making a wiser and strategic investment.
D．Purchasing expensive items when necessary.
（4）Which is the most suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A．Enjoy Yourself or Make life Matters.
B．To Buy or not to Buy.
C．Meaning seekers or Quality﹣pursuers.
D．Fast Fashion：Beneficial or Harmful.
2．（2025 沙市区校级模拟） For centuries，what makes human creativity so precious is not only the final products it yields，but also the effort behind their creation.But in a world where AI can generate anything with the click of a button，how do we distinguish what truly matters？How does human﹣made art survive？
Throughout history，the most famous works of art，literature，and music have carried a sense of labor，dedication，and mastery.We don't just admire the end product；we admire how it came to be.Masterpieces like Van Gogh's "Starry Night" sustain not simply for their artistic beauty，but for the human stories they carry.They remind us that art is not just about beauty or skill —it is about intention，persistence，and what makes us human.
As AI floods the world with instant beauty，we're entering an era of "aesthetic inflation"，where perfectly composed images，poetic style，and movie﹣like storytelling are available to anyone，instantly and at no cost.This makes us think about when beauty is effortless and endless，does human creations still have value？
But human imperfection isn't a weakness —it's part of who we are，shaping our understanding of humanity.Our struggles，mistakes，and limitations aren't just difficulties to overcome —they're part of what gives life meaning.In this light，AI's ability to create perfect art feels almost unnatural—a rejection of the struggle that gives creativity its weight.It may achieve technical perfection —but at the cost of the original energy that makes art stir feelings within people.Even at its most impressive，AI﹣generated art often feels empty.It has no real emotions or experiences，and no clear creator，failing to create unexpected surprises and arouse shared emotion with audience.
Therefore，to preserve meaning，selection and context become more crucial.As AI can produce endless content，the human elements like context，narrative and the reasoning behind art become the true value source.Also，AI can be a creative collaborator rather than a replacement，refining ideas while keeping human imperfection and feeling，and acting as an amplifier （放大镜） of human vision.
（1）Why do masterpieces like "Starry Night" remain valuable in the AI era？ 　 　
A．They represent unique human characteristics.
B．They showcase brilliant artistic creation skill.
C．They are created through long production processes.
D．They contain human emotional depth and creative effort.
（2）Why does the author mention "aesthetic inflation" in paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．To demonstrate AI's efficiency in art creation.
B．To prove that AI﹣generated art is more affordable.
C．To criticize the overuse of technology in art creation.
D．To stress the devaluation of beauty due to mass production.
（3）How does the author develop the argument in the passage？ 　 　
A．By giving examples.
B．By giving definitions.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By making classifications.
（4）The author wrote this passage to 　 　 .
A．show ways to perfect art with AI
B．teach how to create art in the age of AI
C．argue why human art still matters in the AI age
D．introduce a new revolution in art creation brought by AI
3．（2025 永州模拟） Away is a science fiction television series created by Andrew Hinderaker.The show imagines what would happen on the first manned mission to Mars，as flown by an international team of Americans，Russians and Chinese astronauts as well as those of other nationalities.
The show is based on Away，an article about astronaut Scott Kelly，who became the first space traveler to spend a year in space.
"Chris Jones goes into detail about how the International Space Station came to be. " Hinderaker said. "And then he talks about Scott Kelly.He was up there when there was an emergency with his family，and he tried to deal with that from a distance.I then added Jason and Matt to this series，with Hillary Swank's character Emma at the center of it."
The Esquire article also goes into detail about the impact a long time in space has on the human body.Some of the things Kelly found happening to his body are similar to those that happen to Emma and the crew of Away.Kelly experienced bone density loss，for example，as his body dealt with living in a zero﹣gravity world .
In order to make Away as close as possible to real space travel，the show worked with a number of experts when designing the Atlas.According to the Los Angeles Times，the artificial gravity in the crew's residence，for example，is based on research and suggestions made in real life on the subject.
During that same interview，Hinderaker talked about asking a NASA employee how soon humans could go to Mars if there was enough money and international cooperation.He said， "Oh，we could go tomorrow.That was so powerful and that's really part of why we chose to put the show in a very near future world."
（1）What can we know from Away ？ 　 　
A.The first astronaut to land on Mars.
B.Humans who set up the International Space Station on Mars.
C.A group of astronauts from different countries who travel to Mars.
D.An astronaut who travels to Mars and lives there for a year.
（2）What happened to Scott Kelly in Paragraph3？ 　 　
A.He wants to call his family on Mars.
B.He felt sick with living in zero gravity.
C.He missed his family very much on Mars.
D.He had to solve the family problem immediately.
（3）What is the key factor to make the show as credible as possible ？ 　 　
A.They ask the experts for help to make it real.
B.The cast make the series in a real space station.
C.They lived and worked in the real spaceship themselves.
D.The cast used the artificial gravity in the crew's residence.
（4）We can infer from Hinderaker's words？ 　 　
A.We humans can go to Mars.
B.It is difficulty to go to Mars.
C.We don't have the ability to go to Mars.
D.We can travel to Mars whenever we want.
4．（2025 吉州区校级模拟） Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.There's a welcome familiarity，but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both，and thus the relationship.But books don't change，people do.And that's what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.It's true，the older I get，the more I feel time has wings.But with reading，it's all about the present.It's about the now and what one contributes to the now，because reading is a give and take between author and reader.Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually.The first，which I take to reading every spring，is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast.Published in 1964，it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating（令人陶醉的），an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm，her poetic 1975 ramble（随笔） about everything and nothing.The third book ís Julio Cortazar's Save Twilight：Selected Poems，as if a bottle of wine remaining more and more mellow as time flows.
While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary， rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.But remember，it's you that have to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
（1）What does the author imply in the first paragraph？ 　 　
A.Drinking with old friends is quite beneficial.
B.Either books or us are changeable along with time.
C.It is recommended to read one book over and over again.
D.Rereading requires a large amount of time and money.
（2）What do you know about Hemingway's A Moveable Feast？ 　 　
A.It's a brief account of a trip.
B.It's about Hemingway's life as a young man.
C.It's a record of a historic event.
D.It's about Hemingway's friends in Paris.
（3）How do you understand "rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them" in the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.Rereading can help readers pay their debts.
B.Rereading will bring satisfaction to authors.
C.The more one reads，the richer he will be.
D.Readers should pay money to reread books.
（4）What is the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.Three Masterpieces I Reread Annually.
B.Effective Approaches to Rereading Books.
C.Author and Reader Pull Their Own Weight.
D.Rereading Does Matter to Personal Growth.
5．（2025 大同三模） University students have taken to artificial intelligence in the same way that an anxious new driver with a traditional road map might take to GPS.A survey of UK undergraduates by the Higher Education Policy Institute shows 92% of them are using AI in their schoolwork this year compared with 66% last year.
What should we do？At first，I suggested that teachers should face the reality and try to guide their students to use AI wisely.For example，I asked teachers to give their students AI﹣written essays and tell the students to improve them，as well as to identify and correct their mistakes.But like many pleasingly neat solutions to complex problems，mine turns out to be a terrible idea.
Maria Abreu，a professor of economic geography at Cambridge University，told me her department had experimented along these lines.But when they gave undergraduates an AI text and asked them to improve it，the results were disappointing. "The improvements were very cosmetic and they didn't change the structure of the arguments，" she said. "Master students did better，perhaps because they have already had the ability to think critically and structure arguments.The worry is that if we don't train them to do their own thinking，they are not going to develop that ability at all."
Michael Veale，who is an expert on technology policy，even sees Al as a threat to the learning process because it offers a short﹣cut to students who are pressed for time and anxious to get good marks. "Our role is to warn them that these short﹣cuts may limit their potential.We want them to use the best tools for the job in the workplace when the time comes，but that time isn't always at the beginning，" he says.
The two teachers agree that a focus on maintaining foundational skills in critical thinking，information gathering and problem﹣solving would help students avoid relying too much on AI in the future.
"In other words，to use the short﹣cut effectively rather than mindlessly，students need to know how to do it without the short﹣cut，" Michael Veale explains.
（1）What does the author want to show by mentioning a new driver？ 　 　
A．The potential of traditional maps.
B．Students' strong desire to use AI tools.
C．The possibility of popularizing AI tools.
D．Problems with traditional teaching methods.
（2）What did the author suggest teachers do？ 　 　
A．Encourage students to edit AI﹣written essays.
B．Simplify the structure of complex arguments.
C．Ask students to write the essays on their own.
D．Guide the students to mark their work with AI.
（3）How might Maria Abreu feel about the use of AI tools in middle schools？ 　 　
A．Satisfied.
B．Excited.
C．Unconcerned.
D．Skeptical.
（4）What message does the author seem to convey in the text？ 　 　
A．Ban Al tools from educational institutions.
B．Guide students to use AI as early as possible.
C．Try to urge students to learn the basic skills first.
D．Let students use AI tools when they are pressed for time.
6．（2025 黑龙江模拟） Do teenagers need to relax？Increasingly not just parents are seeking a break from work and family pressures but adolescents too，coping with "intense schooling and sports programmes".So much so that the Global Wellness Summit identifies teen wellness as a trend for 2025 with the industry focusing on teenagers' emotional intelligence，resilience，and how to survive in a digital world through resorts，retreats，and mental wellness apps.
Rina Raphael，author of The Gospel of Wellness，tells me wellness—physical and mental health—has replaced the once﹣dominant fashion and beauty industries.McKinsey reports that Gen Z outspends older consumers on mindfulness﹣related wellness products such as meditation classes，mindfulness apps，and therapy sessions，even seeking preventive solutions to ageing﹣related health issues.
One of the problems the wellness sector aims to address is mental health.Blame for the mental health crisis has been laid on smartphones.But apps also offer a solution.Many，like Chill Panda and HappiMe are on the UK's CAMHS （child and adolescent mental health services） website and in demand.A study in The Lancet concluded bans or restrictions at school don't lead to "better mental wellbeing in adolescents." Parents have a role too.An intensive parenting often leaves children without examples of parents socialising or pursuing passions.
There's nothing bad about forming healthy habits.But is the wellness industry responding to—or contributing to—the pressures young people face？Think about the new toy package Mattel released five years ago：Wellness Barbie—a more glowing and relaxed version of Barbie and a product in training children to become consumers of wellness.And those baby massage classes dressed up as a wellbeing treatment to improve the infants' mood and physical health struck me as ridiculous.What's a baby got to worry about？
The idea that experiences bought by parents and offered by the wellness industry solve adolescent anxiety seems unpromising at best.As Raphael points out，the problem with wellness is "it's very much tied to productivity，aesthetics （美学） and consumerism.It adds a pressure that you have to be working on yourself." But I can't see it ending.After all，as Ronald Purser，author of McMindfulness，told me： "You can never be too well；that's why it's a massive growth industry".
（1）What could be counted as a wellness activity？ 　 　
A．Aiming for top grades nonstop.
B．Practicing mindfulness using an app.
C．Checking social media for attention.
D．Skipping meals to manage body shape.
（2）What is a possible reason for teen mental health issues？ 　 　
A．A demand for services.
B．A passion for sports.
C．A ban on mental health.
D．A lack of role models.
（3）What would Rina Raphael agree with most？ 　 　
A．The fashion and beauty industries matter more to Gen Z.
B．Teenagers are pressured to consume wellness products.
C．Wellness Barbie assists children's adaptation.
D．Baby massage classes are not effective as expected.
（4）What's author's attitude towards the wellness industry？ 　 　
A．Hopeful.
B．Calm.
C．Critical.
D．Pessimistic.
7．（2025 江西模拟） Good relationships play a crucial role in maintaining our well﹣being，safeguarding us from various health issues and potentially increasing our lifespan.With the remarkable progress of AI，chatbots have emerged as versatile tools，functioning as personalized therapists，companions，and even romantic partners，leading to millions of downloads of related apps.
MIT sociologist and psychologist Sherry Turkle has been delving into the relationship between humans and technology for decades.Her latest research centers on "artificial intimacy".In a case，Turkle documented a man in a stable marriage who has formed a deep romantic connection with a chatbot"girlfriend".He reported that he respected his wife，but she was busy taking care of their kids，and he felt they had lost their romantic spark.So he turned to a chatbot to express his thoughts，ideas，fears，and anxieties.Turkle pointed out that such relationships create an illusion of intimacy，which is a false sense of human closeness，lack genuine empathy，and may set unrealistic expectations for real﹣life human relationships.
There are indeed some potential health benefits to these AI﹣based relationships.Therapy bots can break down the barriers of accessibility and affordability that otherwise hinder people from seeking mental health treatment.Personal assistant bots can remind people to take their medications，or help them stop smoking.However，drawbacks also exist.There are concerns about the chatbots offering harmful advice，especially to those in vulnerable mental states，and serious privacy issues as user data is collected without sufficient user control.According to Turkle，as soon as a user begins chatting with a bot，thousands of trackers go to work collecting data about them，including any private thoughts they shared.
If you're thinking of engaging with chatbots in this deeper，more intimate way，Turkle suggests that we should constantly bear in mind that they are not human，and we should always cherish the not﹣so﹣pleasant aspects of human relationships.Stress，friction，pushback and vulnerability are what allow us to experience a full range of emotions.It's what makes us human.
（1）What does the underlined word"versatile"in Para.I probably mean？ 　 　
A.Multi﹣functional.
B.Well﹣designed.
C.Long﹣standing.
D.Tailor﹣made.
（2）What can be inferred from the example of the married man？ 　 　
A.Chatbots have little influence on real﹣life relationships.
B.Married people develop attachments to chatbots easily.
C.Chatbots can produce an unreal feeling of closeness.
D.AI provides us with emotional support in real social life.
（3）What is the main idea of paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.The future prospects of AI in different fields.
B.The pros and cons of AI﹣human relationships.
C.The comparison between different types of chatbots.
D.The importance of privacy protection in AI technology.
（4）What is Turkle's attitude toward using chatbots？ 　 　
A.Cautious.
B.Ambiguous.
C.Supportive.
D.Disgusting.
8．（2025 西峰区校级模拟） In her book，Dorothy Allison emphasizes the love in telling a story from beginning to end.Throughout my teaching career，I have urged students to read stories fully，requiring patience and openness.However，in today's digital world，with students spending over eight hours a day on screens，reading has declined.Yet，we must not let it become a forgotten practice；schools should reman strongholds for reading physical books.
English education goes beyond reading；it involves written expression and developing a unique voice.But its foundation lies in the joy of reading.There are magical moments when students bury themselves in a story.Yet，distractions（干扰因素） have made reading seem impractical.Recent test scores reveal that 33% of eighth graders scored below basic in reading skills，the worst result in 32 years.In 2023，only 14% of students、2 read for fun daily，a significant drop from 2012.
In an effort to make English more relevant，the National Council of Teachers of English（NCTE） accepted digital experiences，aiming to integrate more images and multimedia.However，this decision is questionable，especially with only 37% of 12th graders skilled in reading.Reading is not just about fragmented（碎片化的） experiences；it's about listening without forcing your own ideas.It helps us stay grounded and also lifts us up.
We must challenge students with difficult language and characters，but the idea that they can master various literary skills is questionable. ' Teachers now use textual connections and experiential learning instead of working with actual texts.This means students only get short and simple versions of stories and miss out on their depth and emotion.
As a teacher，I'm fortunate to introduce students to stories from distant lands.Last fall，I assigned Bewilderment by Richard Powers，a novel about a boy crazy about saving endangered species.Through fiction，students explored planetary ethics（伦理） and parental love.Summaries can't provide the emotional journey of a story.
（1）What is the main reason for the decline in reading among students？ 　 　
A.Too much screen time.
B.Lack of interest in stories.
C.Insufficient patience and openness.
D.Reduced role of physical books in school.
（2）In the author's opinion，what is the basis of English education？ 　 　
A.Written expression.
B.The joy of reading.
C.Learning literary skills.
D.Developing a unique voice.
（3）Why did the NCTE accept the digital experiences？ 　 　
A.To emphasize deep reading.
B.To increase the use of print media.
C.To add more images and multimedia.
D.To promote traditional book reading.
（4）What is the author's attitude to the use of experiential learning in teaching？ 　 　
A.Indifferent.
B.Negative.
C.Doubtful.
D.Supportive.
9．（2025 二模拟） Every morning I'm almost guaranteed to wake up and read some climate news that screams disaster —a terrifying wildfire，a devastating flood or yet another report that says we're past a tipping point.The round﹣the﹣clock disastrous environmental news weighs me down constantly.
If you've noticed the same，you are not alone.But all that constant stream of depressing news about the environment can get in the way of taking action.That's because those headlines can lead us to believe that there is little an individual can do about climate change，when in fact that's not the case.But staying motivated to make individual changes is hard when you're feeling low.
That's why one of my colleagues and I have come up with what we call a "happy climate approach".It's our way of talking about the behavioral changes we have identified that not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also provide a greater sense of hope，appreciation，gratitude or fulfillment in our daily lives.
Now I've cut my driving from 8000 kilometers a year down to 2，700 kilometers by working from home most of the time.Not only does this save emissions，but it also gives me more free time，which has been shown to promote happiness.I also choose to walk or bike everywhere I can.While it's true that walking or biking can take more time than driving，these more active forms of transportation provide moderate physical exercise，which can also elevate mood.
And there's a simple rule that I use to stay in a good mental state.For every piece of bad climate news I encounter，I make sure to read at least one positive article on the climate.To prevent myself from constantly scrolling through disheartening news，I've adjusted my newsfeed （新闻推送） so that I can see positive climate news on a regular basis，which brings me joy and hope.
I know we're a long way from reversing the impacts of climate change.But at least with this approach，I don't dread getting out of bed，reaching for my phone and reading the news.
（1）What effect does the nonstop disastrous environmental news have？　 　
A.It motivates people to act.
B.It blocks people's action.
C.It changes people's behavior.
D.It provides useful information.
（2）What is the "happy climate approach" according to the text？　 　
A.Making big changes in daily life.
B.Reducing greenhouse gases greatly.
C.Ignoring negative climate news.
D.Finding positive climate actions.
（3）Why does the author read positive climate news regularly？　 　
A.To avoid negative emotions.
B.To collect news materials.
C.To gain climate knowledge.
D.To change news﹣reading habits.
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？　 　
A.To analyze the impacts of climate news.
B.To stress the urgency of climate action.
C.To explain the causes of climate change.
D.To advocate a positive way to fight climate change.
10．（2025 眉山三模） Turning 18 is a big deal when you are a teenager.It means you are responsible for yourself and don't need your parents' permission any more.However，there are lots of opinions about when one becomes an adult.Some are based on science，while others are personal opinions.While currently the age is 18，science supports 25 as a more sensible age for adulthood，and I agree.
While studying the brain of teenagers，scientists have learned that when kids are around 18，their prefrontal cortex （前额皮层） is only halfway developed.The prefrontal﹣cortex helps people set and achieve goals by receiving signals from different regions of the brain to process information and adapting accordingly.That halfway development means that you still have things to learn and your brains still have time to develop until the age of 25.
Some people think going off to college and living on your own qualify （使……具有资格） as an adult，while others may believe having a steady income and being able to afford to live on your own are what make you an adult.Not everyone has a fortunate life where they have family that can provide support；there are situations where you are forced to become an "adult" whether you like it or not.
In the foster care （寄养） system，once a child turns 18，he or she is considered an adult and can no longer receive state﹣sponsored support.These children are forced into a life where they have no family or anyone to support them other than those who were there for them in the system.
Having a quality job will allow you to supply yourself with necessary things to live and help you become a more mature and responsible person.Also，going through difficult times and realizing life isn't as easy as it seems，should qualify someone as an adult.
（1）What is the author's attitude toward considering 25 as an age for adulthood？ 　 　
A．Cautious.
B．Uncaring.
C．Doubtful.
D．Positive.
（2）How does the prefrontal cortex work to help people set and achieve goals？ 　 　
A．By dealing with received signals and responding accordingly.
B．By collecting information from other parts of the body.
C．By sending instructions to different regions of the brain.
D．By transporting sensed emotions and making records.
（3）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．Give a definition of adulthood.
B．Stress the importance of family support.
C．Prove not everyone lives a fortunate life.
D．Show opinion on becoming an adult is divided.
（4）What is one standard qualifying you as an adult according to the author？ 　 　
A．Setting up a family.
B．Being responsible for your study.
C．Accepting and learning from the low moments in life.
D．Buying yourself quality things to live.
11．（2025 平罗县校级四模） Imagine waking up feeling anxious and hopeless.You think， "I'll never be happy.Nothing I do matters." The more you focus on these thoughts，the worse you feel.But what's really going on？Are your thoughts causing your feelings，or is it the other way around？
For centuries，people have debated the cause of emotional suffering.Is it childhood trauma （创伤）？A chemical imbalance in the brain？A lack of love and connection？Every school of psychology has its own theory，with hundreds of ideas but little conclusive proof.
Over 1，700 years ago，the Greek Stoic philosopher Epictetus proposed a different theory.He argued that it's not life events that upset us，but our thoughts about them.This idea became the foundation of cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT）.CBT suggests that if you change the way you think，you can change the way you feel.It's an exciting claim —but is it true？We decided to test it using data from a new mental health app.
In our first study，we analyzed data from 290 testers of the Feeling Great app.Unlike traditional studies that rely on broad，retrospective （回顾性） surveys （asking how you've felt over the past two weeks），our app measured users' negative thoughts and feelings in the here and now，using new，extremely sensitive scales.This distinction is crucial.By tracking moment﹣to﹣moment changes，we could test if negative thoughts （e.g.， "I'm a failure"） actually cause negative feelings or if it's the other way around.On average，users who reduced their belief in their negative thought to zero experienced an 87% reduction in seven negative emotions during their first session.Our data strongly supports CBT's central idea that thoughts shape emotions far more than emotions shape thoughts.
To ensure that our findings were solid，we conducted a second independent study with 1，393 users of an AI﹣enhanced version of the app.The results？Practically identical.Interestingly，with the larger sample size，we did detect a small but statistically significant effect of emotions influencing thoughts —but the effect was barely detectable and far weaker than the impact of thoughts on feelings.This suggests that emotions can sometimes influence thoughts，but the effect is minor in comparison to the power of thoughts to shape emotions.And that's a discovery Epictetus would have been proud of.
（1）What is the central idea of cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） discussed in the article？ 　 　
A.Changing how you think can affect how you feel.
B.Life events are the main cause of our emotional struggles.
C.Childhood trauma is the root cause of emotional distress.
D.Emotions shape thoughts more than thoughts shape emotions.
（2）What was different about the Feeling Great app study？ 　 　
A.It focused on physical symptoms.
B.It tracked emotions over a long period.
C.It asked users to recall past emotions.
D.It tracked thoughts and feelings in real﹣time.
（3）What did the second study show？ 　 　
A.Users' emotions were unchanged.
B.Thoughts and emotions are unrelated.
C.Emotions greatly affect your thinking.
D.Thoughts have a stronger effect on emotions.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for this article？ 　 　
A.The Power of Emotions：How They Shape Our Thoughts
B.Childhood Trauma and Depression：Unveiling the Connection
C.What Causes Depression：New Research Confirms Ancient Wisdom
D.Cognitive Behavioral Therapy：Changing How We Think to Feel Better
12．（2025 小店区校级模拟） Nietzsche（尼采） was wrong：When you gaze long enough into the abyss（深渊），the abyss does not gaze back into you.Instead，the cosmic void（空洞） remains silent，relentless and frightening in its vastness.
When looking at the vast universe，there is a temptation（诱惑） to look at our tiny world with nihilism，feeling that our great achievements amount to nothing，that our history fails to leave a mark，and that our concerts and anxieties are pointless.
I'm a cosmologist，the kind of scientist who studies the origin，history and evolution of the universe.I have spent my career researching one special part of the universe called cosmic voids：the vast expanses of nothing that stretch between the galaxies.Most of our universe is void一somewhere around 80 percent of the volume of the cosmos is made of nothing at all.I have spent years working to understand what cosmic voids teach us about the wider universe and its dynamic.And in the course of my studies，I have learned to reject that temptation.
It's true that Earth is neither large nor long﹣lived，but that is only one way of measuring pared with the cosmic voids，there is something special happening on our planet.Earth is still the only known place in the entire universe where conscious beings raise their curious eyes to the sky and wonder.Earth is the only known place where humans can exist.It is the only known place where laughter，love，anger and joy exist.The only known place where we can find dance，music，and art.Our disagreements and all the beautiful complexities that make us human aren't meaningless.The experiences in our lives are special because they will never happen in the empty expanse of most of the universe.
The same lessons that cosmic voids teach us are found in the voids we encounter in our own lives.The presence of voids guarantees the opposite；they create contrast；they are full of potential.The pain we feel from loss is the last reminder of the gift of a life deeply loved.The silence before a performance is full of electric expectation.Our choice to ignore stressful news is necessary to allow us to focus on what truly matters.
Artists have long understood the power of the void.The 12th﹣century poet Saigyo noted that the pauses between raindrops were as important as the drops themselves.The famed architect Rem celebrated the utility（效用） of negative spaces，proclaiming（声明），"Where there is nothing，everything is possible."
The universe won't do anything for us except give us the freedom to exist.It is our job to fill the universe with meaning and purpose.
（1）What does the underlined word"nihilism"in Paragraph 2 mean？ 　 　
A.Hope.
B.Admiration.
C.Emptiness.
D.Purpose.
（2）Why does the author reject the temptation？ 　 　
A.Because he is a cosmologist who believes science.
B.Because he thinks Earth is special as it is small and short﹣lived.
C.Because he thinks human experiences differ from those in voids.
D.Because he thinks Earth is the only place for human experiences.
（3）What's the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 5？ 　 　
A.To reflect on how voids enrich our lives.
B.To show how pain can be created from loss.
C.To claim that voids serve as obstacles to human growth.
D.To argue emotional voids should be filled for more significance.
（4）Which would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.Listening to the Abyss：Nietzsche Revisited
B.Questioning the Belief in Human Significance
C.Beyond the Stars：The Science of Cosmic Voids
D.Finding Meaning in Vast Silence of the Universe
13．（2025 柳南区校级模拟） "Shhh!"This is the demand that eco﹣acousticians （生态声学） researcher Jér me Sueur makes of humanity.The noises of technology spread across even the remotest corners of the planet.Sueur explorers the impact of the ever﹣present sound on the animal world in Natural History of Silence.
Between travelogue﹣style（游记式的） chapters and philosophical reflections，the book covers many key terms and theories，such as the acoustic niche hypothesis（声学生态位假说），which assumes that each species has its own acoustic space to improve communication with its own kind and limit sound competition from other species.Sueur's point is this：silence is a crucial resource，like food or water，which species compete for to survive."Making sound is important，"he writes.But humans need to"make sure we are not more alive than others".
When the COVID﹣19 pandemic unexpectedly put human activities on hold，noise﹣monitoring organizations in France recorded a 60﹣75% drop in sound levels in many cities.Globally，wildlife communication changed during lockdowns.Fish and dolphins off the coast of New Zealand extended the range of their calls by 65% owing to a sharp reduction in boat travel.However，when humans emerged from their homes，so did all human﹣generated sounds and their harmful effects on natural systems，Sueur writes.
Sueur calls for a greater awareness of the need to preserve zones where noise is not welcome，effectively proposing a global network of silent shelters for wildlife.The book，thus，highlights an imaginary dividing line between humanity and nature—an approach to conservation that has thwarted contemporary environmentalists who believe true conservation success comes from building a harmonious bond with nature.Some even argue against it in public and attempt to seek more all﹣around solutions that involve local and indigenous（本土） communities.
To encourage readers to act，the book could have included stories about successful no﹣fly zones where communities are working to address the problem.But the focus on solutions is narrow.Plus，his winding and wordy writing often carries a tone of anger，which could drive away the people he wants to reach.
（1）What's the point Sueur emphasizes in the book？ 　 　
A.Travel helps us understand nature.
B.Silence is a resource humans must share.
C.Sound is key to species communication.
D.Noise is unavoidable in modern life.
（2）Why are fish and dolphins mentioned in paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.To show the destruction caused by the pandemic.
B.To stress the role of animals in the local ecosystem.
C.To illustrate the impact of human activities on wildlife.
D.To compare responses of different animals to lockdowns.
（3）What does the underlined word"thwarted"in paragraph 4 mean？ 　 　
A.Enlightened.
B.Transformed.
C.Misled.
D.Discouraged.
（4）What can we learn about the book from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.It is written in an objective tone.
B.It serves its writing purpose well.
C.It fails to relate to certain readers.
D.It conveys rather shallow ideas.
14．（2025 岳麓区校级二模） For many students，math class is the subject of nightmares.Many who enthusiastically show off their counting skills in pre﹣school years later consider math class the most hated hour of the school day.The problem，according to a Stanford education professor，is a matter of mindset.
Jo Boaler，professor of mathematics education at Stanford，has studied how students learn math，to identify why so many students end up hating or fearing math，and，too often，underachieve.In her new book，Mathematical Mindsets，Boaler describes how society has traditionally valued one type of math learner﹣one who can memorize well and calculate fast﹣as opposed to others who have the same potential but may be deeper，slower.
The"testing culture"in American schools is a major problem for math learners，Boaler said，noting that exams and tests are far more pervasive in math than other subjects.The combination of frequent testing，procedural teaching and uninteresting questions disconnected from students" lives causes many students to regard math as a "cold，lifeless subject" without a human connection.
The good news is that any student's negative perception of math can dramatically change，Boaler said.She works with Stanford psychology Professor Carol Dweck to deliver growth mindset interventions to teachers and students.A"growth mindset" is built around the idea that most basic abilities can be developed and expanded upon through dedication and hard work.By contrast，with a "fixed mindset，"people believe their basic qualities，like their intelligence or talent，are simply fixed traits（特征）.
"When we open up mathematics and teach broad，visual，creative math，then we teach math as a learning subject instead of as a performance subject，"Boaler said，"The outcome is that the subject becomes deeper and filled with more connections，so students enjoy it more and achieve at higher levels."
Critics such as Marina Ratner，professor of mathematics at the University of California，express skepticism towards moving away from traditional methods.Math is math；there is no shortcut.They argue that without solid basic skills，students might struggle with subjects like alroba（代数），let alone tackling any other higher﹣level STEM courses.
（1）What problem is presented in the text？　 　
A.Students fear math due to abstract concepts.
B.There is a lack of standardized tests in math.
C.Math learners focus on advanced concepts too early.
D.Traditional math teaching discourages many students.
（2）What does the word"pervasive"most likely mean in the third paragraph？　 　
A.Occasional.
B.Demanding.
C.Widespread.
D.Unreasonable.
（3）Which pair best describes the contrast between a growth mindset and a fixed mindset？　 　
A.Dynamic methods vs.standard methods.
B.Group learning vs.individual learning.
C.Improvable abilities vs.inborn abilities.
D.Long﹣term results vs.short﹣term results.
（4）What is Marina Ratner's attitude towards traditional methods of math teaching？　 　
A.Unclear.
B.Supportive.
C.Doubtful.
D.Critical.
15．（2025 颍泉区校级模拟） I don't think translation apps will make learning foreign languages completely outdated.No program can accurately recreate the implication of real conversation.For example，by dropping "will" or "am going to" in "Tomorrow I start my diet，" I am implying a previous delay of the diet.A typical translation by apps would be "Tomorrow I am going to start my diet，" which gets across the basic idea but lacks the intended implication.
However，technology is eliminating the need to learn foreign languages for practical purposes such as re serving hotel rooms or ordering meals in a foreign country，since practicality is why most people want to learn a new language.
Douglas Hofstadter，a cognitive scientist，sees his mastery of foreign languages as a reflection of his identity.As an enthusiastic language learner myself，I don't entirely share his perspective，but I do agree with the writer Graeme Wood，who has noted "to actively enjoy piecing together how other languages work is an individual quirk （怪癖），not a human universal." True enthusiasts learn new languages for the sheer joys of discovery or accomplishment.Most people，however，are uninterested in this odd desire.
Some would say a foreign language is a window into a new way of processing the world.But did the humble level of French or Spanish we picked up in school provide us with a new lens on the world？If our goal is getting directions to the bus station in Rome，technology now makes that possible at the press of a button.
As someone endlessly fascinated by languages，I am working hard to accept this new reality.With an iPhone handy and an appropriate app downloaded，foreign languages will no longer present most people with the barrier they once did.Learning a new language will likely become a pursuit of interest to a much smaller but more committed set of enthusiasts.
（1）What is paragraph 1 mainly about？ 　 　
A．The function of real conversation.
B．The importance of accurate translation.
C．The limitation of translation technology.
D．The necessity of learning foreign languages.
（2）Why does the author learn new languages？ 　 　
A．To satisfy an inner desire.
B．To display his individuality.
C．To serve practical purposes.
D．To explore his core identity.
（3）What does the author think of foreign language lessons in school？ 　 　
A．Uninspiring.
B．Irrelevant.
C．Inflexible.
D．Insufficient.
（4）What does "this new reality" in the last paragraph refer to？ 　 　
A．Language enthusiasts will lose their passion.
B．Foreign languages won't pose big challenges.
C．Many people will quit learning new languages.
D．Learning languages is no longer a personal choice.
16．（2025 宝坻区模拟） In modern society，people often measure life value through material achievements：high salaries，prestigious job titles，or luxurious possessions.However，ancient philosophers like Socrates argued that "the unexamined life is not worth living，" suggesting true value lies in continuous self﹣reflection and intellectual growth.
Recent studies reveal an intriguing paradox：individuals who prioritize personal fulfillment over external validation report 37% higher life satisfaction.Take Dr.Maya Lin for an example：she was a scientist who abandoned a lucrative corporate career to research renewable energy in rural communities.Though her income dropped significantly，she described her work as "a daily discovery of purpose." This aligns with psychologist Abraham Maslow's theory that self﹣actualization —not basic needs —defines peak human experiences.
Cultural perspectives further complicate this discussion.In Eastern traditions，Confucianism emphasizes contributing to societal harmony.A 2024 survey showed 68% of Japanese youth view "fulfilling family duties" as central to life value，contrasting with Western emphasis on individualism.Yet Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous words —"Life's most urgent question is：what are you doing for others？" —bridge this gap，proposing that personal growth and social responsibility are inseparable.
Ultimately defining life value requires balancing three elements：self﹣awareness，contribution to others，and adaptability in changing circumstances.As technology accelerates societal shifts，the ability to redefine one's purpose may become humanity's greatest wealth.
（1）What is the main topic discussed in the passage？ 　 　
A.Various perspectives on life value.
B.Cultural differences in educational systems.
C.Historical views on wealth accumulation.
D.Psychological theories of happiness.
（2）According to the author，what brings genuine fulfillment？ 　 　
A.High social status.
B.Luxurious possessions.
C.Self﹣awareness and purpose.
D.Technological advancements.
（3）Why does the author mention Martin Luther King Jr.？ 　 　
A.To contrast Eastern and Western values.
B.To demonstrate universal aspects of life value.
C.To criticize materialistic lifestyles.
D.To explain Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
（4）The word "aligns" most likely means 　 　 .
A.Conflicts
B.measures
C.complicates
D.agrees
（5）Which statement would the author most likely agree with？ 　 　
A.Adaptability enhances life's meaningfulness.
B.Social media popularity reflects true self﹣worth.
C.Life value should be measured by material achievements levels.
D.Traditional values are outdated in modern society.
17．（2025 黄州区校级四模） France has not allowed smartphone use in primary or secondary schools since 2018，claiming that it would help children focus，reduce their social media use and cyberbullying.The Netherlands and Hungary initiated similar bans in 2024.The key question facing them is whether banning smartphones in schools offers any benefits to mental health.
A 2021 US Surgeon General report revealed a 40% rise in feelings of hopelessness among American high school students between 2009 and 2019，with 48% of lifelong mental﹣health problems （like depression and anxiety） originating in adolescence.It is tempting to connect these trends with the increased availability of smartphones，but establishing a causal connection is difficult.Part of the problem is that smartphones contain multitudes.Using a smartphone to solve crosswords or read the news may well have distinctly different psychological effects than intensive social﹣media use.
Additionally，Children's brain undergoes profound changes during adolescence，meaning that any research on the effects of smartphone use needs to consider the developmental age of the children being studied as well as their precise smartphone habits.
Few studies fully address these slight differences.A 2022 Cambridge University study of 17，409 youths aged between 10 and 21 linked increased social media use to reduced life satisfaction，particularly in girls aged 11–13 and boys aged 14–15.However，school﹣level bans alone may be insufficient.Research in The Lancet compared schools with strict and relaxed smartphone policies，finding no mental health differences between groups.While heavy smartphone users showed declines，policy strictness had no measurable effect.
Researchers are trying to paint a complete picture with both hands tied behind their back.According to Dr.Orben，social media companies routinely refuse to give independent researchers access to detailed data on the behaviors of their users.This forces researchers to rely on less accurate measures，like overall screen time.It also means that children playing educational games are being put in the same analytical bin as children who are on social media.A more detailed picture of the effects of smartphones needs to be painted.
（1）What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A.To illustrate a point.
B.To present a solution.
C.To introduce the topic.
D.To describe a phenomenon.
（2）What's the main barrier to linking smartphones to mental health issues？ 　 　
A.The varied purposes of smartphone apps.
B.The changes in children's smartphone habits.
C.The ineffectiveness of strict school policies.
D.The complexity of proving direct causation.
（3）What is the author's attitude toward school﹣level smartphone bans？ 　 　
A.Supportive.
B.Skeptical.
C.Indifferent.
D.Neutral.
（4）Which might be a suitable title for the article？ 　 　
A.Smartphone Bans Alone：Limited Impact on Youth Mental Health
B.Smartphones in Schools：Balancing Risks and Educational Benefits
C.The Rise of Social Media：A Primary Cause of Adolescent Depression
D.Global Bans on Smartphones：A Simple Solution to Teen Mental Health
18．（2025 博望区校级模拟） Eggs have long been recognized as a nutritional powerhouse by dietary specialists，offering high﹣quality protein at relatively low cost.Despite recent price changes caused by bird flu outbreaks，they remain more economical than most meats and seafood.Their various cooking methods and portability make them particularly suitable for beginners in the kitchen.
Cardiologists（心脏病医生） frequently encounter questions about eggs' cholesterol（胆固醇） content.A single egg contains 207 mg of dietary cholesterol，nearly triple that found in a typical breakfast sausage.However，Dr.Martha Gulati of Cedars﹣Sinai Smidt Heart Institute clarifies that dietary cholesterol doesn't directly translate to blood cholesterol levels."The liver produces low﹣density lipoprotein（LDL）（低密度脂蛋白） primarily in response to saturated fat（饱和脂肪） intake，not dietary cholesterol，"she explains.With only 1.6 g saturated fat per egg compared to 3.7 g in a sausage link，eggs present a healthier choice.This understanding prompted the 2015﹣2019 dietary guideline revisions，with both U.S.nutrition authorities and the American Heart Association removing cholesterol limits while emphasizing moderation.
Nutritional analysis reveals eggs' unique advantages.Each 70﹣calorie egg delivers 6.3 g complete protein containing all nine essential amino acids（氨基酸） that humans must obtain from food.Moreover，they rank among the richest natural sources of choline（胆碱）﹣169 mg per egg，addressing 31% of adults' daily requirement.This nutrient also supports crucial development of unborn babies，making adequate intake vital for pregnant women."While choline deficiency is uncommon，over 90% of expectant mothers fall short of recommended levels，"notes dietitian Razan Hallak from Ohio State University.
Safe consumption practices include thorough cooking and pairing strategies.Nutritionists recommend using heart﹣healthy oils like olive oil instead of butter，and combining eggs with vegetables or whole grains rather than processed meats."The problem often lies not with eggs themselves，but with their typical high﹣fat companions like bacon，"cautions Dr.Philip Greenland of Northwestern University.Current research supports moderate consumption of 1 egg daily or 2 every other day as part of balanced diets.
（1）What primarily causes increased LDL according to Dr.Gulati？　 　
A.Dietary cholesterol intake.
B.High blood cholesterol levels.
C.Nutritionally balanced diets.
D.Liver's response to saturated fat.
（2）Which statement agrees with revised dietary guidelines？　 　
A.Eggs should be completely avoided by heart patients.
B.Saturated fat control outweighs cholesterol concerns.
C.Strict cholesterol limits remain essential for consumers.
D.The maximum daily egg consumption must be made clear.
（3）What cooking advice do experts emphasize？　 　
A.Using butter for better flavor.
B.Combining with processed meats.
C.Prioritizing vegetable pairings.
D.Consuming raw for maximum nutrition.
（4）What is the main purpose of the article？　 　
A.To discuss the cholesterol content in eggs.
B.To warn people about cholesterol dangers.
C.To compare the pros and cons of different protein sources.
D.To explain eggs' nutritional value and proper ways to eat them.
19．（2025 福州模拟） This might sound impossibly old﹣fashioned，but I still like the idea that education is about learning：facts，skills，culture，analysis，inspiration.It's supposed to make us better citizens.But over the last decade，the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees.The unfortunate result has been inflation （膨胀） of both.They rise ever higher；learning doesn't.
To avoid discouraging students，some school districts did away with D and F grades.Grade﹣point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as SAT have not.It's not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence.But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent，parents and the public should not be fooled.
That's true not just of low﹣achieving students.In a 2023 survey，educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn，and 8 of 10 teachers give in.It's hard to blame them：A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don't.
Unearned grades are damaging in many ways.Some students，armed with good grades，march off to college to find themselves in remedial（补习的） classes because they haven't learned enough to take college﹣level courses.Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren't even good at reading books.
Grade inflation has followed students into college.Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations，which are often more negative for tough graders.Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct（兼职） professors who have few job protections.Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry﹣pick easy﹣grading professors.Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more.We have to ask ourselves as a society：Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth﹣﹣﹣or a performative exercise in grade fishing？
（1）According to the passage，what has happened to the goal of education in the past decade？ 　 　
A.It has focused more on cultivating better citizens.
B.It has gradually been replaced by the pursuit of grades and degrees.
C.It has emphasized learning facts，skills，and culture more than before.
D.It has become closely related to nationwide standardized exams.
（2）Why do some school districts cancel D and F grades？ 　 　
A.To encourage students to work harder.
B.To make grade ﹣ point averages more accurate.
C.To avoid making students feel discouraged.
D.To match the results of standardized exams.
（3）What can we infer from the passage about adjunct professors in college？ 　 　
A.They usually give students higher grades.
B.They are more likely to grade students accurately.
C.They have strong job security in colleges.
D.They may be influenced by student evaluations when grading.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.The Importance of Standardized Exams.
B.How to Improve Education Quality.
C.Grade Inflation：A Threat to Real Learning.
D.Students' Struggle for Higher Grades.
20．（2024秋 嘉兴期末） In an age when online misinformation is seemingly everywhere and objective facts are frequently questioned，some psychologists have presented a solution：Expose young children to more misinformation online —not less.Doing so in limited circumstances，and with careful oversight and education，can help children gain the tools they'll need to tell fact from falsehood online，said Evan Orticio，a Ph.D.student in UC Berkeley's Department of Psychology.
"Children are born with skepticismc （质疑） and they can adapt their level of skepticism according to the quality of information they've seen before in a digital context，" Orticio said. "They can use their expectations of how this digital environment works to make reasonable adjustments to how much they trust or distrust information. "
Minors encounter health misinformation within minutes of creating a TikTok account.Even platforms intended for young audiences like YouTube Kids have become spaces for misinformation.That's a particular problem because parents may have the impression that these are safe places their kids can explore.That may give a false sense of security and allow falsehoods and problematic content to go unchecked and be taken as true and acceptable.So encountering misinformation when children surf online is unavoidable.
If children have some experience working in controlled but imperfect environments where they are constantly encountering things that aren't quite right，and we show them the process for figuring out what is actually true and not，that will set them up with the expectation to be more critical.Orticio said， "Rather than trying to sanitize their online environments，parents should have discussions with their children about how to check claims and talk about what they're seeing. " It's not that we need to enhance their skepticism.It's that we need to give them the ability to use that skepticism to their advantage.
（1）Why should children be exposed to more misinformation online？ 　 　
A.To maintain their level of skepticism.
B.To help them adjust to misinformation.
C.To equip them with fact﹣checking skills.
D.To lower their expectations of information.
（2）What mistake do parents probably make according to paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.Gathering false information online.
B.Creating online accounts for their kids.
C.Robbing their kids of a sense of security.
D.Taking imperfect platforms for safe places.
（3）What does the underlined word "sanitize" in the last paragraph mean？ 　 　
A.Adapt to.
B.Rely on.
C.Figure out.
D.Clean up.
（4）What should parents offer to help children explore the online world？ 　 　
A.Proper guidance.
B.Good digital resources.
C.Prevention strategies.
D.Limited Internet access.
高考英语一轮复习 议论文阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025春 广州校级期末） Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos.For every pack of yogurt that a person bought，he would donate yogurt to a family in need.Danone had done its research.Increasingly，people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose.Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing.But Juntos was a failure.Despite sinking millions into a marketing campaign，Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched.Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt.
What happened？To find the reason behind Juntos' failure，Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option.They reminded some to focus on the "purposeful and valuable" aspect while others were told to "enjoy themselves" and focus on "delight and pleasure." They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place.
So why were meaning﹣seekers cheaping out？Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision﹣making to find out.He learned that meaning﹣oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives.Instead，they were occupied with what else they could do with their money.
I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices.But cheap products can create many problems.Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher﹣end ones.As a result，we shop more often，which is ultimately worse for our wallets.Plus，that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment.Thanks in part to fast fashion，people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago.The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime shipping combined.
So before you dive into your wallet for some deals，try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving.Think carefully about what you are buying，too.
（1）What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos？ 　B　
A．It ignored marketing strategies.
B．It priced itself relatively high.
C．It lacked a particularly good taste.
D．It focused on delight and pleasure.
（2）What can be inferred about meaning seekers？ 　D　
A．They frequent high﹣end stores.
B．They think products extend their lives.
C．They hesitate to make decisions.
D．They make more purchases with money.
（3）Which of the following does the writer suggest ？ 　A　
A．Realizing the downside of cheap purchases.
B．Boosting the development of fast fashion.
C．Making a wiser and strategic investment.
D．Purchasing expensive items when necessary.
（4）Which is the most suitable title for the text？ 　C　
A．Enjoy Yourself or Make life Matters.
B．To Buy or not to Buy.
C．Meaning seekers or Quality﹣pursuers.
D．Fast Fashion：Beneficial or Harmful.
【答案】BDAC
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过达能葡萄牙公司推出的新酸奶Juntos的失败案例，探讨了追求意义与追求愉悦在消费决策中的差异，以及廉价产品可能带来的问题，最后给出了消费建议。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。由本文第二段中的They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place. （他们发现，与把快乐放在首位的人相比，那些优先考虑意义的人更喜欢价格较低的产品。）以及第三段中的Instead，they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. （相反，他们忙于考虑还能用这些钱做什么。）可知，Juntos失败的主要原因是它定价相对较高，使得追求意义的消费者不愿购买。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。由本文第三段中的Instead，they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. （相反，他们忙于考虑还能用这些钱做什么。）可知，追求意义的人会考虑用钱做更多的事情，即他们可能会用钱进行更多的购买。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。由本文第四段中的But cheap products can create many problems.Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher﹣end ones.As a result，we shop more often，which is ultimately worse for our wallets.Plus，that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. （但是廉价产品会带来很多问题。便宜的选择通常不如高端产品耐用。因此，我们购物更频繁，这最终对我们的钱包更不利。此外，这种消费模式会对环境造成更大的破坏。）可知，作者建议我们意识到廉价购买的缺点。故选A。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段So before you dive into your wallet for some deals，try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving.Think carefully about what you are buying，too. （所以，在你为一些交易掏腰包之前，尽量不要只关注你花了多少钱或存了多少钱。也要仔细考虑你要买的东西。）等内容可知，文章围绕追求意义的消费者和他们对低价产品的偏好展开，对比了不同消费者的购物倾向，并讨论了低价产品的问题。C项"意义追求者还是品质追求者。"作为题目最合适。故选C。
【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信

郑重声明：本文版权归原作者所有，转载文章仅为传播更多信息之目的，如作者信息标记有误，请第一时间联系我们修改或删除，多谢。