Unit 3 Environmental Protection—人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册单元检测卷
(100分)
一、语法填空(共10小题，每小题4分)
1. The________(pollute) of the air is becoming a serious problem in big cities.
2. We should take________(measure) to reduce waste and protect the environment.
3. It is________(harm) to our health to eat too much junk food.
4. The________(recycle) of waste materials can save a lot of resources.
5. We need to raise people's________(aware) of environmental protection.
6.________(fortunate), more and more people are joining the fight against pollution.
7. The government is making efforts________(improve) the air quality.
8. The________(destroy) of the rainforest has a great impact on the global climate.
9. We should use________(nature) resources wisely to ensure their sustainable use.
10. The________(develop) of clean energy is crucial for environmental protection.
二、阅读理解(共4小题，每小题5分)
The Amazon rainforest, often called the “lungs of the Earth,” is facing a severe threat. Deforestation is the main problem. Every year, large areas of the rainforest are cut down for various reasons, such as logging, agriculture, and urban expansion.
The consequences of deforestation are far - reaching. It not only destroys the habitats of countless plant and animal species but also contributes to climate change. Trees in the rainforest absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. When they are cut down, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, leading to global warming.
Moreover, the loss of the rainforest affects the water cycle. Trees play a crucial role in regulating rainfall. Without them, there are more floods and droughts in the surrounding areas.
To save the Amazon rainforest, many initiatives have been taken. Some countries in the Amazon region have implemented strict laws to limit deforestation. International organizations are also providing support in terms of funding and technology. Local communities are being educated about the importance of the rainforest and are participating in conservation efforts.
11. What is the main threat to the Amazon rainforest
A. Climate change.
B. Deforestation.
C. Floods and droughts.
D. Loss of animal habitats.
12. Why is the Amazon rainforest called the “lungs of the Earth”
A. Because it can breathe like human lungs.
B. Because it absorbs a large amount of carbon dioxide.
C. Because it is very large in size.
D. Because it provides oxygen for all animals.
13. What are the consequences of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest
A. Only the destruction of habitats.
B. Only an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
C. The destruction of habitats, climate change, and disruption of the water cycle.
D. An increase in rainfall in the surrounding areas.
14. What measures are being taken to save the Amazon rainforest
A. No measures have been taken yet.
B. Only local communities are working on it.
C. Countries are implementing laws, and international organizations and local communities are also involved.
D. Only international organizations are providing support.
三、七选五(共5小题，每小题5分)
Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. Here are some practical ways to contribute to environmental protection in your daily life.
15.________. Reduce your energy consumption. Turn off lights, appliances, and electronics when you're not using them. Use energy - efficient light bulbs and appliances. This can significantly reduce your electricity bill and lower your carbon footprint.
16.________. Conserve water. Fix leaky faucets promptly. Take shorter showers and turn off the tap while brushing your teeth. You can also collect rainwater for watering plants.
17.________. Recycle and reuse. Separate your waste into different categories for recycling. Reuse items like plastic bags, glass bottles, and cardboard boxes. This helps to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills.
18.________. Choose sustainable transportation. Instead of driving alone, use public transportation, carpool, bike, or walk. If you need to drive, choose a fuel - efficient vehicle. This can reduce air pollution and save energy.
19.________. Support local and sustainable products. Buy products that are locally sourced and produced in an environmentally friendly way. This reduces the carbon emissions associated with transportation and supports local businesses.
A. Conserve water resources.
B. Use sustainable transportation.
C. Reduce energy use.
D. Support local and green products.
E. Recycle and reuse items.
F. Avoid using any plastic products.
G. Plant more trees.
四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分)
Tom was a young environmentalist. He was deeply concerned about the 20________ of the environment. One day, he noticed that the river near his home was becoming 21________. The water was dirty, and there was a bad smell.
Tom decided to take 22________. He started by 23________ the river and picking up the litter. He also made some signs to 24________ people not to throw garbage into the river. But his efforts seemed to have little 25________ at first.
Then, Tom came up with an idea. He organized a community 26________. He invited his neighbors, friends, and classmates to join him. They went to the river together and cleaned it up. They also planted some trees along the riverbank to 27________ the soil and prevent it from eroding.
With the help of more people, the river began to 28________. The water became cleaner, and the smell disappeared. The local government also 29________ their efforts. They provided some funds to help build a small waste - treatment plant near the river.
Tom was very 30________. He knew that his actions, together with those of the community, had made a 31________. He continued to 32________ environmental protection activities in the community. He gave talks to schools and community centers about the 33________ of protecting the environment.
Thanks to Tom's efforts and the support of the community, the environment around the river became much better. Tom's story shows that everyone can make a difference in 34________ the environment.
20. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. development
21. A. cleaner B. dirtier C. clearer D. deeper
22. A. action B. time C. money D. advice
23. A. swimming in B. fishing in C. walking along D. looking at
24. A. encourage B. remind C. force D. allow
25. A. effect B. cause C. reason D. result
26. A. meeting B. party C. activity D. competition
27. A. protect B. destroy C. dig D. remove
28. A. change B. worsen C. stay D. move
29. A. ignored B. supported C. criticized D. stopped
30. A. sad B. angry C. happy D. worried
31. A. mistake B. decision C. difference D. choice
32. A. participate in B. give up C. stay away from D. look for
33. A. importance B. beauty C. difficulty D. fun
34. A. using B. changing C. protecting D. polluting
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1. 答案：pollution
解析：定冠词the后接名词，pollute的名词形式为pollution，意为“污染”。
2. 答案：measures
解析：take measures为固定短语，意为“采取措施”，measure要用复数形式。
3. 答案：harmful
解析：be harmful to为固定搭配，意为“对……有害”，harm的形容词形式为harmful。
4. 答案：recycling
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作主语，recycle的动名词形式recycling可作主语，表示“回收利用”。
5. 答案：awareness
解析：所有格people's后接名词，aware的名词形式为awareness，意为“意识”。
6. 答案：Fortunately
解析：修饰整个句子，用副词，fortune的副词形式为fortunately，意为“幸运地”，注意首字母大写。
7. 答案：to improve
解析：make efforts to do sth.为固定用法，意为“努力做某事”，所以用to improve。
8. 答案：destruction
解析：定冠词the后接名词，destroy的名词形式为destruction，意为“破坏”。
9. 答案：natural
解析：修饰名词resources，用形容词，nature的形容词形式为natural，意为“自然的”。
10. 答案：development
解析：定冠词the后接名词，develop的名词形式为development，意为“发展”。
二、阅读理解
11. 答案：B
解析：根据文章第一段“The Amazon rainforest... is facing a severe threat. Deforestation is the main problem.”可知，亚马逊雨林面临的主要威胁是森林砍伐，B选项正确。A选项“气候变化”、C选项“洪水和干旱”、D选项“动物栖息地的丧失”均是森林砍伐带来的后果，不是主要威胁。
12. 答案：B
解析：从文章第二段“Trees in the rainforest absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.”可知，亚马逊雨林被称为“地球之肺”是因为它能吸收大量二氧化碳，B选项正确。A选项“因为它能像人类的肺一样呼吸”表述错误；C选项“因为它面积很大”、D选项“因为它为所有动物提供氧气”在文中未提及。
13. 答案：C
解析：根据文章第二、三段内容可知，森林砍伐不仅破坏了动植物的栖息地，还导致气候变化和水循环紊乱，C选项正确。A选项“只有栖息地的破坏”和B选项“只有大气中二氧化碳的增加”都不全面；D选项“周边地区降雨量增加”与原文“Without them, there are more floods and droughts in the surrounding areas.”不符。
14. 答案：C
解析：从文章最后一段“Some countries in the Amazon region have implemented strict laws... International organizations are also providing support... Local communities are being educated...”可知，各国实施法律，国际组织和当地社区也参与到拯救亚马逊雨林的行动中，C选项正确。A选项“还没有采取任何措施”、B选项“只有当地社区在努力”、D选项“只有国际组织提供支持”均与原文不符。
三、七选五
15. 答案：C
解析：该段主要围绕减少能源消耗展开，C选项“Reduce energy use.”（减少能源使用）符合该段主旨。
16. 答案：A
解析：此段强调节约用水，A选项“Conserve water resources.”（节约水资源）能概括该段内容。
17. 答案：E
解析：这段说的是回收和再利用物品，E选项“Recycle and reuse items.”（回收和再利用物品）正确。
18. 答案：B
解析：该段建议选择可持续的交通方式，B选项“Use sustainable transportation.”（使用可持续的交通方式）符合段落主旨。
19. 答案：D
解析：此段鼓励支持本地和可持续的产品，D选项“Support local and green products.”（支持本地和绿色产品）能概括该段内容。
四、完形填空
20. 答案：C
解析：根据后文描述河流污染等内容可知，Tom担心的是环境污染问题，pollution意为“污染”，C选项正确。A选项improvement“改善”；B选项protection“保护”；D选项development“发展”均不符合语境。
21. 答案：B
解析：根据“The water was dirty, and there was a bad smell.”可知，河流变得更脏了，dirtier是dirty的比较级，意为“更脏的”，B选项正确。A选项cleaner“更干净的”；C选项clearer“更清澈的”；D选项deeper“更深的”均不符合语境。
22. 答案：A
解析：Tom决定采取行动，take action为固定短语，意为“采取行动”，A选项正确。B选项time“时间”；C选项money“钱”；D选项advice“建议”均不符合语境。
23. 答案：C
解析：他沿着河流走并捡垃圾，walking along意为“沿着……走”，C选项正确。A选项swimming in“在……游泳”；B选项fishing in“在……钓鱼”；D选项looking at“看”均不符合语境。
24. 答案：B
解析：他制作标志是为了提醒人们不要往河里扔垃圾，remind sb. not to do sth.表示“提醒某人不要做某事”，B选项正确。A选项encourage“鼓励”；C选项force“强迫”；D选项allow“允许”均不符合语境。
25. 答案：A
解析：一开始他的努力似乎没什么效果，effect意为“效果”，have little effect表示“几乎没有效果”，A选项正确。B选项cause“原因”；C选项reason“理由”；D选项result“结果”均不符合语境。
26. 答案：C
解析：他组织了一次社区活动，activity意为“活动”，C选项正确。A选项meeting“会议”；B选项party“聚会”；D选项competition“比赛”均不符合语境。
27. 答案：A
解析：他们在河岸种树是为了保护土壤，防止土壤侵蚀，protect意为“保护”，A选项正确。B选项destroy“破坏”；C选项dig“挖掘”；D选项remove“移除”均不符合语境。
28. 答案：A
解析：在更多人的帮助下，河流开始发生变化，水变干净了，change意为“变化”，A选项正确。B选项worsen“恶化”；C选项stay“保持”；D选项move“移动”均不符合语境。
29. 答案：B
解析：当地政府也支持他们的努力，supported意为“支持”，B选项正确。A选项ignored“忽视”；C选项criticized“批评”；D选项stopped“停止”均不符合语境。
30. 答案：C
解析：看到河流变好，Tom很高兴，happy意为“高兴的”，C选项正确。A选项sad“悲伤的”；B选项angry“生气的”；D选项worried“担心的”均不符合语境。
31. 答案：C
解析：他知道自己和社区其他人的行动有了作用，make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响；起作用”，C选项正确。A选项mistake“错误”；B选项decision“决定”；D选项choice“选择”均不符合语境。
32. 答案：A
解析：他继续参加社区的环保活动，participate in意为“参加”，A选项正确。B选项give up“放弃”；C选项stay away from“远离”；D选项look for“寻找”均不符合语境。
33. 答案：A
解析：他给学校和社区中心做演讲，讲述保护环境的重要性，importance意为“重要性”，A选项正确。B选项beauty“美丽”；C选项difficulty“困难”；D选项fun“乐趣”均不符合语境。
34. 答案：C
解析：Tom的故事表明每个人都能在保护环境方面发挥作用，protecting是protect的动名词形式，意为“保护”，in是介词，后接动名词，C选项正确。A选项using“使用”；B选项changing“改变”；D选项polluting“污染”均不符合语境。

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