期末专题 语法填空（含解析） 牛津译林版 八年级下册 英语题型专项集训
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。
We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day and it is 1 (harm) to our environment. In fact, we can do something to help. Even the 2 (simple) everyday activities can make a real 3 (different) to the environment. Here are some ideas for you 4 (live) a green life. Remember these three words: reduce, reuse and recycle.
Reduce means “use less”. Don’t waste things. This saves money and 5 (reduce) pollution. Before we buy something new, think if it is really necessary. When we do buy things, please 6 (choose) local products (产品) if possible, and try not to buy too many things from foreign 7 (country).
Reuse means “use again”. When we buy things, make sure that they last a long time. We should take care of 8 (they) so that they will last.
Recycle means “change things into something else”. Although it takes energy to change something into something else, it’s better than 9 (throw) things away or burning them. Find out what can be recycled in your neighborhood and take part in recycling programs. We should also buy products 10 (make) from recycled materials.
根据短文，用括号中所给单词的正确时态或适当形式填空。
We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waster every day and it is 11 (harm) to our environment. In fact, we can do something to help. Even the 12 (simple) everyday activities can make a real 13 (different) to the environment. Here are some ideas for you 14 (live) a green life. Remember these three words; reduce, reuse and recycle.
Reduce means “use less”. Don’t waste things. This saves money and 15 (reduce) pollution. Before we buy something new, think if it is really necessary. When we do buy thing, please 16 (choose) local products (产品) if possible, and try not 17 (buy) too many things from foreign countries.
Reuse means “use again”. When we buy things, make sure that they last a long time. We should take care of them so that they will last.
Recycle means “change things into something else”. Although it takes energy to change something into something else, it’s’ better than 18 (throw) things away or burning them. Find out what can 19 (recycle) in your neighbourhood and take part in recycling programs. We should also buy products 20 (make) from recycled materials.
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。
What can we do with recycled things For Yan Hong, 33, from Chengdu, they can become 21 (amaze) craftwork pieces(手工艺品) She thinks we can reduce 22 (pollute) in this way.
She used nut shells 23 (make) a “golden” armor (盔甲). She made a Miao headdress with recycled cans. Even 24 (potato) were used for casting molds (翻模) of a queen’s crown.
Yan Hong 25 (use) to be a nurse. But after 26 (start) to make craftwork, she found her real passion. So she left her job at the hospital and opened 27 (she) own shop.
Most of her early works were imitations (仿制) of items from TV series and pictures. But the 28 (far) she goes, the more she likes original designs (原创设计).
Yan Hong posts videos of her works on YouTube. This wins her many foreign fans, as well as gives her chances to go abroad. In 2019, she 29 (invite) to give a speech at Oxford University in the UK. Her works are popular among young people because many of them are not expensive and most of us can afford 30 (buy) them.
根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。
When Missy was 10, she read a story about turtles(乌龟) with plastic in their 31 (stomach). She knew she must do something. Then she joined a group that organized a cleanup in her home city of Dubai. “The experience helped me understand what I can do and how I can really make 32 difference,” she told Time for Kids magazine.
In 2016, Missy set up Kids for a Better World. Since then, it 33 (bring) together nearly 10,000 young people from around the world. Its goal is to fight climate (气候) change.
Missy is now 16. “We’re going to have to face the terrible result if the situation isn’t 34 (improve),” she said. She believes even small actions will help a lot.
Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them 35 they can do at home or in their communities to fight against climate change. They can grow food or plant trees. They can recycle. They can avoid 36 (use) plastic bags. These are lessons Missy wants schools to teach. “This information can help change our future,” she said.
37 (grow) up in a desert city has made Missy (even) know more about the need for action. Her city faces rising temperatures and water shortages (短缺). She believes young voices can bring attention to these problems 38 (easy).
Even if her actions are all very small, Missy has big plans. She’d like 39 (study) at Stanford University in California and she’ll continue to run Kids for a Better World. “We’re creating our own system of change-makers,” she said.
Glass is 100% recyclable and can be recycled again and again. Do you know how it’s recycled Let’s find it out together.
The glass recycling begins when you put your used glass bottles into the recycle bin. It’s very important that you do your part. After all, if you throw it in the rubbish bin instead 40 the cycle bin, it will end up in a landfill(垃圾填埋场). Though it might not be 41 (harm) to the soil, it’s a waste of resource.
When the glass is collected by the factory, it will 42 (clean) first.That means washing away the waste inside and 43 (take) away metals and paper or plastic labels(标签).
Now the glass is clean. It’s time 44 (separate) different kinds of glass for recycling. For example, coloured glass and clear glass are two different kinds,and non-food containers(容器) cannot mix 45 food containers.
In the next step, the glass will be sent to a machine where it’s broken down 46 small pieces. The pieces are called cullet. After the cullet travels down a conveyor belt(传送带), some special 47 (tool) are used to take away remaining(遗留的) metals and small paper labels. The cullet becomes much 48 (clean).
Finished cullet is then sold to other factories 49 a material. The factories melt down the cullet and then form it into new things. Your glass bottle now may become a part of a desk, some beach sand or paint for street lines.
Altogether, the whole recycling and re-production process(过程) can take about 30 days.
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。
What does it mean to be a good 50 (visit) Which tourists are the most welcomed in their country A UK market research company 51 (do) the study last year. The study included nearly 28,000 people from 26 countries and areas.
The Japanese are famous for 52 (be) the world’s most well-dressed, tidy, punctual(守时的)and polite travelers, The Telegraph reported. They line up 53 (polite) and they never attend meetings late, talk loudly or try 54 (take) photos in art museums when they know they’re not allowed (允许) to do so.
Japanese tourists greatly 55 (surprise) the world during the last World Cup. The country’s soccer fans helped to clean stadiums (体育场) after matches, South China Morning Post noted.
The study also showed that another country stood out at the same time, but in the opposite way.
Many people thought British tourists act 56 (badly) in the world. Even local people in the UK don’t like British tourists. Many people said that British travelers are loud poorly dressed and behave badly. They are also stingy (吝啬的) when 57 (pay) at restaurants and hotels.
It’s not hard 58 (be) a good traveller. The Chinese government advises tourists 59 (not throw) rubbish on the ground or talk loudly. They are also told to line up properly and be more polite.
So we should be good tourists when we are travelling.
Want to go on holiday, but don’t have enough money for luxury （豪华的）hotels and expensive trips Backpacking might be right for you.
Backpacking is a very cheap way 60 (travel) outdoors. 61 (Europe) students and young adults who may not have all that much money often do it. It 62 (call) backpacking because, instead of using a suitcase（手提箱）, people put all their things in a large backpack. They carry all the things inside with 63 (they).
The most popular places for backpacking are Southeast Asia and the 64 (south) part of America. The cost isn’t not high in the countries and the weather is warm for most of the year. And Australia is also very popular. In 2002, over 400, 000 65 (tour) hit Australia.
Sometimes, backpacking can be 66 (danger). You might walk on 67 less-travelled path and get into trouble. As a result, you’d better manage 68 (prepare) everything well before you start and tell friends or family members about your plans.
Backpacking, in fact, is much more than a holiday for young people. It is seen 69 a way of learning about the world. Backpackers often travel around for many months. Besides finding the new world, backpacking, people say, is also about “finding yourself”.
用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、正确。
Joe Smith is a singer. He and his wife like 70 (travel) very much. Every year they visit a small town 71 (call) Gum Tree in January and July and sing for the people there. They 72 (be) there many times.
One summer, they went there again. On the first day, they 73 (plan) to go camping in the mountains, but it rained a lot. They decided 74 (go) to the only cinema in town and watch a movie.
There were only nine people in the cinema hall. When people saw the Simths, they started clapping（鼓掌）. Joe was 75 (excite) and said to his wife, “Aha, I can’t believe people here all know me and they are 76 (friend) than I thought. They must like my songs.”
After they took their seat, a young man said to 77 (they), “Thanks for your coming! The cinema usually 78 (show) the movie only after ten people buy the tickets. There are eleven now, so the movie 79 (be) on soon.”
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参考答案：
1．harmful 2．simplest 3．difference 4．to live 5．reduces 6．choose 7．countries 8．them 9．throwing 10．made
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们在日常生活中如何做才环保。
1．句意：我们都需要一个健康的环境，但我们每天都会产生废物，这对我们的环境有害。根据“we produce waste”可知，废弃物对环境有害，固定短语be harmful to“对……有害”，故填harmful。
2．句意：即使是最简单的日常活动也能对环境产生真正的影响。simple是形容词，作定语，空前有the可知应用最高级，故填simplest。
3．句意：即使是最简单的日常活动也能对环境产生真正的影响。make a difference to“对……产生影响”，固定搭配。故填difference。
4．句意：这里有一些让你过上绿色生活的建议。live“生活”是动词，此处应用动词不定式作定语，故填to live。
5．句意：这样既省钱又减少污染。and连接两个并列结构，前后动词时态人称一致，saves是三单形式，所以reduce也用三单形式，故填reduces。
6．句意：当我们购买东西时，如果可能的话，请选择当地产品，尽量不要购买太多国外的东西。分析句子可知，此处是表示建议的祈使句，动词应用原形，故填choose。
7．句意：当我们购买东西时，如果可能的话，请选择当地产品，尽量不要购买太多国外的东西。country“国家”是可数名词，用复数表示泛指，country的复数是countries。故填countries。
8．句意：我们应该照料它们，这样它们才会长久。介词of后接人称代词时用宾格，they对应的宾格是them。故填them。
9．句意：虽然把东西变成别的东西需要能量，但总比扔掉或烧掉要好。than是介词，后加动名词作宾语，故填throwing。
10．句意：我们还应该购买由回收材料制成的产品。该句中谓语动词是buy，该空应填非谓语形式，make与逻辑主语products之间是被动关系，用过去分词made表示被动含义。故填made。
11．harmful 12．simplest 13．difference 14．to live 15．reduces 16．choose 17．to buy 18．throwing 19．be recycled 20．made
【导语】本文介绍了我们在日常生活中如何做才环保。
11．句意：我们都需要一个健康的环境，但我们每天产生废物，这对我们的环境是有害的。固定短语be harmful to“对……有害”，故填harmful。
12．句意：即使是最简单的日常活动也能对环境产生真正的影响。simple是形容词，空前有the可知应用最高级，故填simpest。
13．句意：即使是最简单的日常活动也能对环境产生真正的影响。real是形容词，修饰名词difference，故填difference。
14．句意：这里有一些关于绿色生活的建议。live“生活”，动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to live。
15．句意：这样既省钱又能减少污染。and连接两个并列结构，前后动词时态人称一致，saves是三单形式， 所以reduce也用三单形式，故填reduces。
16．句意：当我们买东西的时候，如果可能的话，请选择当地的产品，尽量不要买太多外国的东西。根据“please”可知此处是祈使句，动词应用原形，故填choose。
17．句意：当我们买东西的时候，如果可能的话，请选择当地的产品，尽量不要买太多外国的东西。固定短语try not to do sth“尽力不要做某事”，故填to buy。
18．句意：虽然把一件东西变成另一件东西需要能量，但这比扔掉或烧掉东西要好。than是介词，后加动名词作宾语，故填throwing。
19．句意：在你的社区里找出可以回收的东西，并参加回收项目。recycle是动词，分析语境可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系（被回收的东西），空前有情态动词，所以此处是情态动词的被动语态：can be done，故填be recycled。
20．句意：我们还应该购买回收材料制成的产品。这里用过去分词作后置定语修饰products，故填made。
21．amazing 22．pollution 23．to make 24．potatoes 25．used 26．starting 27．her 28．further 29．was invitied 30．to buy
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个来自成都的33岁女孩把回收的东西制成精美的物品。这些物品很受很受年轻人的欢迎，因为很多都不贵，大多数人都能买得起。
21．句意：它们可以成为令人惊叹的工艺品。此空修饰名词craftwork pieces，应用形容词作定语，修饰物，用以ing为结尾的形容词，故填amazing。
22．句意：她认为我们可以用这种方式减少污染。动词reduce后接名词作宾语，pollute的名词是pollution“污染”，不可数名词，故填pollution。
23．句意：她用坚果壳做了一件“金色”盔甲。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，此空应填动词不定式，故填to make。
24．句意：甚至土豆也被用来铸造王后王冠的模具。根据were可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填potatoes。
25．句意：颜红过去是个护士。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，固定搭配，故填used。
26．句意：但在开始制作工艺品后，她找到了自己真正的热情所在。after是介词，后接动名词，故填starting。
27．句意：所以她辞掉了医院的工作，开了自己的店。one’s own“某人自己的”，此空应填形容词性物主代词，故填her。
28．句意：但她越深入，就越喜欢原创设计。the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……，越……”，go further“进一步”，此空用far的比较级further，故填further。
29．句意：2019年，她受邀在英国牛津大学发表演讲。主语与动词invite之间是被动关系，且根据In 2019可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语she是第三人称单数形式，助动词用was，故填was invited。
30．句意：她的作品在年轻人中很受欢迎，因为很多作品都不贵，我们大多数人都买得起。afford to do sth“负担得起做某事”，故填to buy。
31．stomachs 32．a 33．has brought 34．improved 35．what 36．using 37．Growing 38．easily 39．to study
【导语】本文讲述了一个叫作米西的女孩为了保护环境，建立了一个叫作“为了美好世界的孩子”的环保组织，为了保护环境所做出的努力。
31．句意：米西10岁的时候，她读了一个关于胃里有塑料的海龟的故事。根据“turtles(乌龟) with plastic in their”可知，表达海龟们的胃，应该使用可数名词复数形式，故填stomachs。
32．句意：这段经历让我明白了我能做什么，以及我如何才能真正有所作为。根据“make…difference”可知，make a difference“有影响、创造不同”。故填a。
33．句意：从那时起，它已经汇集了来自世界各地的近1万名年轻人。根据“Since then”可知，从2016到现在，应该使用现在完成时，结构是has/have done，主语是it，故填has brought。
34．句意：如果情况不改善，我们将不得不面对可怕的结果。situation“情况”和所给单词improve“提高、改善”之间是被动关系，结构是be done，故填improved。
35．句意：它教会他们在家里或社区可以做什么来对抗气候变化。该句是宾语从句，空处缺少宾语从句的引导词，从句中缺少宾语，表达“什么”的意思，故使用关系代词what来引导宾语从句，故填what。
36．句意：他们可以避免使用塑料袋。avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，故填using。
37．句意：在沙漠城市长大使米西更加了解采取行动的必要性。Missy和grow之间是主动关系，该句使用动名词做主语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Growing。
38．句意：她认为，年轻人的声音很容易引起人们对这些问题的关注。空处单词修饰动词bring，应该使用副词形式。故填easily。
39．句意：她想在加州的斯坦福大学学习，她将继续运营“为了美好世界的孩子”。would like to do sth“想要做某事”，故填to study。
40．of 41．harmful 42．be cleaned 43．taking 44．to separate 45．with 46．into 47．tools 48．cleaner 49．as
【导语】本文主要介绍了回收玻璃再重复使用的过程。
40．句意：毕竟，如果你把它扔进垃圾桶而不是循环垃圾箱，它最终会被扔进垃圾填埋场。instead of“代替”，固定搭配，故填of。
41．句意：虽然它可能对土壤无害，但却是一种资源浪费。be后接形容词作表语，be harmful to“对……有害”，故填harmful。
42．句意：当玻璃被工厂收集后，会先清洗干净。it指代前文的glass，与动词clean之间是被动关系，故此处用被动语态will be done的结构，故填be cleaned。
43．句意：这意味着洗掉里面的垃圾，带走金属、纸或塑料标签。此空与washing构成并列关系，故此空也应填动名词，故填taking。
44．句意：是时候把不同种类的玻璃分开回收利用了。It is time to do sth“是做某事的时候了”，动词不定式作定语，故填to separate。
45．句意：例如，彩色玻璃和透明玻璃是两种不同的玻璃，非食品容器不能与食品容器混合。mix with“与……混合”，固定搭配，故填with。
46．句意：下一步，玻璃将被送往一台机器，在那里它被分解成小块。be broken down into“被分解成”，固定搭配，故填into。
47．句意：一些特殊的工具被用来拿走剩余的金属和小的纸标签。tool“工具”，可数名词，some修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填tools。
48．句意：碎玻璃变得干净多了。become后接形容词作表语，much修饰比较级，故填cleaner。
49．句意：完成后的碎玻璃再作为原料卖给其他工厂。根据“Finished cullet is then sold to other factories … a material”可知，作为原料卖给其他工厂，as“作为”，故填as。
50．visitor 51．did 52．being 53．politely 54．to take 55．surprised 56．worst/the worst 57．paying 58．to be 59．not to throw
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了来自26个国家近两万八千民众参与了调查“哪个国家的游客更受欢迎”。结果显示，日本游客以着装得体、整洁、守时及礼貌等特质脱颖而出。而英国游客则因大声喧哗、举止不得体以及吝啬被评为最不受欢迎的群体。由此提出如何做文明游客的一些建议。
50．句意：成为一名优秀的访客意味着什么？visit“游览”，动词；根据下文“Which tourists are the most welcomed in their country ”可知，此处要用其名词形式；visitor“游客，参观者”符合语境。故填visitor。
51．句意：英国一家市场研究公司去年做了这项研究。根据“last year”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式；do“做”，其过去式为did。故填did。
52．句意：据《电讯报》报道，日本人以世界上衣着整洁、准时和有礼貌的旅行者而闻名。根据空前的“for”可知，此处要用动名词；be的动名词为being。故填being。
53．句意：他们有礼貌地排队，他们从不迟到。polite“礼貌的”，形容词；此处要用其副词形式politely修饰动词“line up”。故填politely。
54．句意：他们从不开会迟到，不大声喧哗，也不在明知不允许的情况下在美术馆拍照。try to do sth.“试图做某事”，此处应用动词不定式形式。故填to take。
55．句意：上一届世界杯期间，日本游客极大地震惊了世界。surprise“使……吃惊”，动词；根据“during the last World Cup”可知，时态为过去时态，因此动词要用过去式；surprise的过去式为surprised。故填surprised。
56．句意：许多人认为英国游客的行为是世界上最糟糕的。根据“in the world”可知，此处要用副词最高级修饰动词“act”；badly的最高级为worst；副词最高级修饰动词时，定冠词the可以省略。故填(the) worst。
57．句意：他们在饭店和酒店付款时也很吝啬。根据“They are also stingy when…at restaurants and hotels.”可知，当英国人在饭店和酒店付款时，他们很吝啬；pay“付款”，此处要用其现在分词paying，从句省略了they are。故填paying。
58．句意：要成为一个好的旅行者并不困难。根据“It’s not hard … a good traveller.”可知，该句结构为it is+形容词+to do sth.，不定式作句子主语。故填to be。
59．句意：中国政府建议游客不要在地上扔垃圾或大声说话。根据advise sb. not to do sth.“建议某人不要做某事”可知，此处要填动词不定式，作宾语补足语。故填not to throw。
60．to travel 61．European 62．is called 63．them 64．southern 65．tourists 66．dangerous 67．a 68．to prepare 69．as
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种便宜的旅行方式——背包旅行。
60．句意：背包旅行是一种非常便宜的户外旅行方式。travel“旅行”，此处用动词不定式作定语，修饰名词way。故填to travel。
61．句意：可能没有那么多钱的欧洲学生和年轻人经常这样做。空格后有名词，此处作定语用形容词European“欧洲的”。故填European。
62．句意：它之所以称为背包旅行，是因为人们不使用手提箱，而是将所有东西放在一个大背包中。call“叫作”，主语it和谓语之间是被动关系，描述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是it，be动词用is。故填is called。
63．句意：他们随身携带所有东西。此处作介词的宾语用代词宾格them“他们”。故填them。
64．句意：背包旅行最受欢迎的地方是东南亚和美国南部。此处修饰名词part用形容词southern“南方的”。故填southern。
65．句意：2002年，超过400,000名游客来到澳大利亚。根据“hit Australia”可知是游客来参观澳大利亚，故用名词复数tourists“旅客”。故填tourists。
66．句意：有时，背包旅行可能是危险的。作be动词的表语用形容词dangerous“危险的”。故填dangerous。
67．句意：你可能会走在一条人迹罕至的小路上而陷入困境。此处泛指“一个不太去的小路”，且less以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
68．句意：因此，你最好在开始之前做好一切准备，并告诉朋友或家人你的计划。prepare“准备”，manage to do sth.“设法做某事”。故填to prepare。
69．句意：它被视为了解世界的一种方式。根据“It is seen...a way”可知是被看作一种方式，be seen as“被看作”。故填as。
70．traveling/travelling/to travel 71．called 72．have been 73．planned 74．to go 75．excited 76．friendlier 77．them 78．shows 79．will be
【导语】本文讲述了史密斯夫妇到一个小镇上度假时去看电影的趣事。
70．句意：他和他的妻子非常喜欢旅行。like doing sth或like to do sth意为“喜欢做某事”，动词travel的动名词为traveling或traveling，动词travel的不定式为to travel。故填traveling/travelling/to travel。
71．句意：每年1月和7月，他们都会去一个叫做“Gum Tree”树的小镇，为那里的人们唱歌。a small town为名词，与动词called存在逻辑上的被动关系，此处应用call的过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
72．句意：他们去过那里很多次了。根据“many times”可知此处表示“去过某地很多次”，句子应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为：have/has+过去分词。主语They表示复数，助动词为have，动词be的过去分词为been。故填have been。
73．句意：第一天，他们计划去山里露营，但下起了大雨。这里是讲述过去的事情，句子应用一般过去时，动词plan的过去式为planned。故填planned。
74．句意：他们决定到镇上唯一的电影院去看一场电影。decide to do sth意为“决定做某事”，动词go的不定式为to go。故填to go。
75．句意：乔很兴奋，对妻子说：“啊哈，我真不敢相信这里的人都认识我，他们比我想象的还要友好。他们一定喜欢我的歌。”be动词was后接形容词作表语。主语是人，形容词用excited。故填excited。
76．句意：我真不敢相信这里的人都认识我，他们比我想象的还要友好。be动词are后接形容词作表语。根据“than”可知此处应用friendly的比较级friendlier。故填riendlier。
77．句意：他们就座后，一个年轻人对他们说：“谢谢你们的到来！电影院通常只有在十个人买票后才放映电影。现在有十一个人，所以电影很快就要上映了。”to为介词，后接人称代词they的宾格them作宾语。故填them。
78．句意：电影院通常只有在十个人买票后才放映电影。根据“usually”可知句子应用一般现在时，主语The cinema为第三人称单数，谓语用动词show的三单形式shows。故填shows。
79．句意：现在有十一个人，所以电影很快就要上映了。结合语境，此处应用一般将来时表示电影即将上映，其谓语结构为：will+动词原形。故填will be。
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