商丘市一高2023-2024学年第一学期10月份月考
高三英语
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Benefiting from the 5,000 years history, many ancient cities exist in the vast land of China. Here are 4 ancient cities in China and each has their unique features.
Shangqiu Ancient City
●History: 4,000 years
●Opening Hours: 08:00-17:30 in winter; 08:00-18: 00 in summer
●Ticket Price: 70 per combo ticket (组合票)
Situated in the Yellow River Valley, Shangqiu area is considered the birthplace of Chinese civilization. The best time to visit it is around the Chinese New Year, when the grandest temple fair at Shangqiu is held to worship the God of Fire.
Ancient City of Pingyao
●History: 2,700 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 30
●Ticket Price: Free entry
It has no charming landscape, green mountains or clear waters. What is unique there is the well-pre served ancient city with a grand City Wall, traditional residences, time-honored shops, and even the previous government office.
Fenghuang Ancient Town
●History: 467 years
●Opening Hours: all day;08: 00-17: 30 for Tuo River day cruise;18: 00-22: 30 for night cruise
●Ticket Price: Free entry
Constructed in 1556, Fenghuang Ancient Town is another historical city in China known for ethnic diversity. Generations of Miao, Tujia and Han people live here, and it now accommodates28 ethnic groups in total.
Huizhou Ancient City
●History: 2,240 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 00
●Ticket Price: 95 for one adult; 140 for one adult and one child; 230 for two adults and one child. Huizhou Ancient City is famous for its unique architectural style since the old days. The Huizhou-style building is one of the most important architectural schools in China, using bricks, wood, and stones as the raw materials.
1. Which of the four towns has the longest history
A Shangqiu Ancient City. B. Ancient City of Pingyao.
C. Huizhou Ancient City. D. Fenghuang Ancient Town.
2 What do Ancient City of Pingyao and Fenghuang Ancient Town have in common
A. Various ethnic minorities. B. Free Admission.
C. Abundant natural beauty. D. The same opening hours.
3. How much will a family of a couple and a child pay for Huizhou Ancient City
A. 95. B. 140. C. 230. D. 235.
B
Chloe Ricketts is only 15 years old, but she’s already signed a professional contract with the Washington Spirit soccer team. That makes her the youngest player ever to sign with the National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL).
Chloe began working out with the Washington Spirit team in January. She trained with the team in Florida and Virginia. During training, Chloe impressed the team’s managers with her ability to compete with the other professional players, which led the team to offer her the contract.
For her part, Chloe says the chance to play for the Washington Spirit is “a dream come true”. Chloe is from Dexter, Michigan. She started playing soccer when she was seven. She claims that at the time, she was “the worst on the team”. However, she improved through hard work, extra training, and staying late after practice. It didn’t take her long to begin moving up in the soccer world.
In 2021, she played on a girls team, which went to the national finals of the Elite Clubs National League. She also played on a boys team, the 2007 Boys Ann Arbor Tigers, which won the Michigan State Cup that year. In January of 2022, Chloe signed with AFC Ann Arbor — a team that’s part of USL League Two. USL League Two helps develop players for the NWSL. When she joined AFC Ann Arbor, Chloe was just 14 — the youngest player ever to join the club.
Now, as she joins Washington Spirit, Chloe is in the 10th grade. While she is playing with the team, Chloe will continue to go to school online. But Chloe isn’t the first 15-year-old to play for the NWSL. The NWSL used to have a rule saying that no one under the age of 18 could join its teams. But in 2021, another 15-year-old, Olivia Moultrie, took the league to court.
4. What made the Washington Spirit soccer team sign a contract with Chloe
A. Her skills. B. Her experience. C. Her character. D. Her reputation.
5. Which of the following words can best describe Chloe
A. Careful. B. Easy-going. C. Far-sighted. D. Hard-working
6. On which team did Chloe win the Michigan State Cup
A. AFC Ann Arbor. B. USL League Two.
C. The 2007 Boys Ann Arbor Tigers. D. The Elite Clubs National League.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Washington Spirit revised a rule to take in Chloe.
B. Olivia Moultrie took the lead in Washington Spirit.
C. Chloe values her education during playing football.
D. Chloe’s participation makes her team much stronger.
C
There is a wide gap between China and developed economies such as the US and South Korea in terms of the chip industry. However, the nation has taken big steps in charting its own course, which is evident in its chip industry’s growth. And China can meet 85 percent of its domestic demand if the chip industry fully applies the 14-nanometer transistor (晶体管) technology. In fact, this could become a reality in three to four years. Still, China lags behind in the processing and manufacturing of chips, as well as chip design and packaging.
Yet there is a silver lining for China, because the US’ technology blockade (封锁) helps remove the domestic objections to the development of the chip industry. The story of China’s LCD industry could be repeated in the chip industry this time: China has made joint efforts in the past ten years and now secures more than 60 percent of the LCD market.
Nevertheless, there should not be a mad rush across the country to develop chips. The government should offer encouragements to state-owned as well as privately owned enterprises to produce high-quality chips. The measure of freeing integrated circuit-making enterprises of paying corporate income tax for two years is a good move in this direction.
Also, China has about 1,700 semiconductor enterprises. They should be encouraged to pool their resources and technologies and strengthen their business operations so they can achieve breakthroughs in core technologies.
Besides, China should build a friendlier environment to attract talents from across the world to its chip industry. It’s indeed alarming that China faces a shortage of 300, 000 professionals in the chip industry. As Ren Zhengfei, founder and CEO of Huawei, said, “We had adopted a money-pumping approach in the past to develop the electronic industry. However, it takes more than money to develop chips. We should try our best to win over mathematicians and physicists.”
8. What’s the author’s attitude towards China’s chip industry
A. Subjective. B. Objective. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
9. What does the underlined phrase “a silver lining” in paragraph 2 probably refer to
A. A great success. B. A strong desire. C. A positive side. D. A slim chance.
10. What do we know about China’s LCD industry from the text
A. It is a highly profitable industry. B. It developed rapidly ten years ago.
C. It is less important than the chip industry. D. It went through difficulties previously.
11. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A. To list some disadvantages of China’s chip industry.
B. To analyze the US’ influence on China’s chip industry.
C. To show the rapid development of China’s chip industry.
D. To provide advice on the development of Chin’s chip industry.
D
It took “great talent or skill to hide ones’ talent or skill,” the French moralist Fran-ois VI once noted. As soon as we’ve reached a certain level of mastery, say in playing chess, it’s hard to act as if we knew little about the game of kings. That’s partly because it’s difficult to imagine what it was like when we were still packed with ignorance, even if that was just five minutes ago. Known as the Curse of Knowledge, this phenomenon speaks to what the tragic burden mastery can be.
The Curse of Knowledge is a cognitive bias that arises from having a greater understanding of a particular topic. It’s a phenomenon where those who possess more knowledge about a given subject find it difficult to relate to those with less familiarity. This can lead to misunderstandings, miscommunication, and even conflict.
The consequences are not far to seek. It’s particularly fateful if it affects those whose job it is to impart their knowledge to others. Imagine a math genius turned school teacher who’s forgotten what it was like not to understand basic algebra, or a highly capable risk analyst who has a hard time enduring journalists failing basic probability. Those with greater knowledge may be so focused on the details of the topic that they’re unable to explain the basics in a way that is accessible to those with less knowledge. This makes even the most skilled expert an ineffective teacher. As a result, the math teacher gets more and more frustrated with her students. The risk analyst lashes out on Twitter.
Sounds gloomy, doesn’t it The good news is that the Curse of Knowledge is preventable. Those with greater knowledge can take steps to help bridge the gap to those with less knowledge. This can include offering resources and encouraging the ignorant to ask questions. This also requires a combination of intellectual humility and empathy. Avoiding labeling the less knowledgeable ignorant helps, too. Learning to walk a mile in the shoes of the not-yet-cursed becomes a crucial meta-skill. Once we’ve mastered this level of approachability, there’s no need to conceal our talent or skill.
12. What is a problem when we reach a certain level of mastery
A. Being mistaken as the ignorant.
B. Being questioned by ordinary people.
C. Being riddled with the miserable burden.
D. Being challenged by communicating with the unskilled.
13. Who does the Curse of Knowledge affect the most
A. A pop singer having a concert.
B. A mum tutoring her 7-year-old son.
C. An artist making a lecture to beginners.
D. A foreign student giving a presentation in class.
14. Which of the following best describes the Curse of Knowledge
A. Horrible. B. Overwhelming. C. Sociable. D. Avoidable.
15. What does the author suggest the knowledgeable do
A. Brave the Curse of Knowledge using your talent.
B. Learn new techniques by walking in others’ shoes.
C. Get out of your perception and into others’ perspective.
D. Fill the knowledge gaps between teachers and students.
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mind mapping is a technique through which you develop and visually organize thoughts, ideas, and information.____16____A mind map helps structure complex concepts and allows for a better understanding of the relationship between concepts.
The process of creating mind maps can have numerous benefits. ____17____ Mind maps can also help show the non-linear (非线性的) relations between different categories within a given concept.
Psychological research has also shown that mind mapping is an excellent tool for enhancing learning and understanding. For example, in a sample of 120 8th-grade students, researchers found that students who were taught using a mind-mapping technique performed better on a subsequent test than students who were taught using traditional methods.
____18____ A study involving college freshmen taking a writing class showed that students who were taught to use mind maps to organize their ideas made greater improvements in their writing ability than students taught to organize their ideas using traditional methods.
How to do mind mapping Define your central topic. Consider what the focus of your mind map should be and write it out in the center of the page. ____19____ Consider the broader categories related to your central topic. Sticking with the to-do list example, your first-level categories might include home, work, business, and personal health. Expand your branches. Each of the first-level categories you defined will branch off into different sub-categories, or second-level categories. ____20____
A. Break down the complex topic.
B. Other studies have found similar results.
C. Identify your first-level concepts or topics.
D. Mind maps can be a perfect method for brainstorming.
E. A mind map allows you to get into the details of a concept without losing track of the big picture.
F. This technique involves identifying a central topic and creating branches related to the central topic.
G. Using different colored pens can also be a helpful way to indicate urgency or to set different categories apart.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Young boys often dream of super powers to solve their problems. “If I could just click my fingers, my homework would be done,” many have ____21____.
Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster put their____22____down on paper. In the process, they created the world’s most ____23____superhero, Superman. It was 1933, when two kids ____24____in a middle-class neighborhood, became friends in high school. Joe was the artist and____25____all the time, using bits of any kind of paper he could find. He hung out at newsstands reading magazines, ____26____Amazing Stories and then took up a pencil or pen to ____27____them at home. Jerry was the ____28____ and the more ambitious of the two. He describes how the creation of Superman came to him in the middle of a ____29____ summer night, “I go out of bed and write this down, and then I go back and____30____some more for about two hours and get up again and write that down.”
The story of Superman has inspired kids for generations. It has____31____their fears and driven their dreams. Most____32____, Superman has inspired us all to find our ____33____and use them to help others. So, the next time you are ____34____ to save a friend from being bulled, or help the widow next door with your super power smile, ____35____Joe and Jerry, who dream up Superman, making the world a little more safe and a little more fair.
21.
A. displayed B. accounted C. trembled D. imagined
22.
A. ideas B. brushes C. devices D. patterns
23.
A. active B. popular C. complicated D. national
24.
A. getting round B. holding out C. growing up D. breaking down
25.
A. advertised B. clicked C. lied D. drew
26.
A. secretly B. especially C. carefully D. formally
27.
A. recreate B. strike C. intend D. react
28.
A. journalist B. elder C. storyteller D. receptionist
29.
A. moonless B. stormy C. sleepless D. wedding
30.
A. reflect B. scream C. hesitate D. accompany
31.
A. explored B. calmed C. raised D. hid
32.
A. unbelievably B. mysteriously C. obviously D. importantly
33.
A. consultants B. alternatives C. functions D. powers
34.
A. inspired B. frustrated C. made D. entertained
35.
A. blame B. cure C. inspect D. thank
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
语法填空
For Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. Contrary____36____Westerners’ drinking cold water at home or in restaurants, Chinese people are always seen carrying vacuum cups whichever season it is. Why do they have a ____37____ (prefer) for hot water
In the past the authorities suggested ____38____ (drink) boiled water to prevent infectious diseases，because it was ____39____ (general) considered a way to kill off bacteria. Even now, equipping hot water dispensers (饮水机) ____40____ (recommend) in public places like schools, hospitals and railway stations.
Another reason is Chinese people’s eating habits. It’s believed that hot water helps keep the body’s internal temperature which can be ____41____ (benefit) to health by improving blood circulation and digestion. ____42____ is widely accepted in China that drinking a glass of warm water in the morning helps kick start the digestive system.
Finally, traditional Chinese medicine places great emphasis on yin and yang, a concept ____43____hot water is considered to be yang and cold water yin. It’s believed that drinking hot water can balance the yin and yang in the body ____44____lead to better overall health in cold weather conditions.
So next time you have a cold, will you still be _______45_______ ( confuse) about a Chinese friend’s tip for drinking more hot water
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 近年来，许多城市都流行兴建“口袋公园”，曾经的社区边角地摇身一变，成了家门口高颜值的小公园，给市民带来了惊喜。假定你是李华，你所在的城市也逐渐建了一些口袋公园，为此你校英文报社正在组织以“Pocket Parks in My Eyes”为主题的征文活动，请你撰写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
(1)简要介绍“口袋公园”；
(2)阐述“口袋公园”的好处；
(3)号召绿色生活方式。
注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Pocket Parks in My Eyes
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Jordy sat on the steps of his old row house, eating a cucumber (黄瓜) and watching the rush hour traffic. “I’m gonna tell Mama you took a whole cucumber and ate it all up,” said his sister, Katie. “I did not take a whole one,” answered Jordy. “I had to cut off a rotten part.” He spit some of the seeds across the little plot of dirt that was their yard. “This cucumber sure is a seedy one”, he complained.
A woman in a red dress got off the bus at the corner. Katie ran to meet her. By the time Mama got to the steps, she had heard all about Jordy eating the cucumber. “You know you’re not supposed to just go help yourself,” Mama scolded. “You know how much food is these days.” Jordy nodded. “But high prices won’t get us this summer,” Mama went on. “We’re going to have a garden.” “Is Papa gonna dig up our front yard ” asked Jordy. “You’re gonna dig it up,” corrected Mama. “Papa’s got enough to do fixing people’s cars and trucks.” Unwillingly, Jordy did the work, and after the vegetables started coming up, Papa sent him out to weed the garden.
One day Jordy noticed a strange plant next to the fence. It didn’t look like a vegetable, but then it didn’t look like a weed either. Jordy thought maybe it was a flower so he left it. Every day Jordy went out to see how much it had grown. Having a favorite plant made the work in the garden seem easier.
One Saturday when Katie was looking at the plant, she suddenly jumped back. “Jordy’s plant is climbing up the fence and it’s got fuzz (绒毛),” she shouted. Papa heard the screaming and came to look. He said, “Looks like the vine (藤蔓) has got some kind of disease. I think you’re gonna have to get rid of it, Jordy.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
“But it’s not hurting anything,” protested Jordy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“Mama, Papa! A miracle!” Jordy screamed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________商丘市一高2023-2024学年第一学期10月份月考
高三英语
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Benefiting from the 5,000 years history, many ancient cities exist in the vast land of China. Here are 4 ancient cities in China and each has their unique features.
Shangqiu Ancient City
●History: 4,000 years
●Opening Hours: 08:00-17:30 in winter; 08:00-18: 00 in summer
●Ticket Price: 70 per combo ticket (组合票)
Situated in the Yellow River Valley, Shangqiu area is considered the birthplace of Chinese civilization. The best time to visit it is around the Chinese New Year, when the grandest temple fair at Shangqiu is held to worship the God of Fire.
Ancient City of Pingyao
●History: 2,700 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 30
●Ticket Price: Free entry
It has no charming landscape, green mountains or clear waters. What is unique there is the well-pre served ancient city with a grand City Wall, traditional residences, time-honored shops, and even the previous government office.
Fenghuang Ancient Town
●History: 467 years
●Opening Hours: all day;08: 00-17: 30 for Tuo River day cruise;18: 00-22: 30 for night cruise
●Ticket Price: Free entry
Constructed in 1556, Fenghuang Ancient Town is another historical city in China known for ethnic diversity. Generations of Miao, Tujia and Han people live here, and it now accommodates28 ethnic groups in total.
Huizhou Ancient City
●History: 2,240 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 00
●Ticket Price: 95 for one adult; 140 for one adult and one child; 230 for two adults and one child. Huizhou Ancient City is famous for its unique architectural style since the old days. The Huizhou-style building is one of the most important architectural schools in China, using bricks, wood, and stones as the raw materials.
1. Which of the four towns has the longest history
A. Shangqiu Ancient City. B. Ancient City of Pingyao.
C. Huizhou Ancient City. D. Fenghuang Ancient Town.
2. What do Ancient City of Pingyao and Fenghuang Ancient Town have in common
A. Various ethnic minorities. B. Free Admission.
C. Abundant natural beauty. D. The same opening hours.
3. How much will a family of a couple and a child pay for Huizhou Ancient City
A. 95. B. 140. C. 230. D. 235.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国四个古城以及它们的历史、游览时间和门票等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shangqiu Ancient City中的“History: 4,000 years(4,000年历史)”、Ancient City of Pingyao中的“History: 2,700 years(2,700年历史)”、Fenghuang Ancient Town中的“History: 467 years(467年历史)”以及Huizhou Ancient City中的“History: 2,240 years(2,240年历史)”可知，对比四座古镇发现，商丘古镇历史最为悠久，为4,000年的历史。故选 A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ancient City of Pingyao中的“Ticket Price: Free entry(票价：免费入场)”和Fenghuang Ancient Town中的“Ticket Price: Free entry(票价：免费入场)”可知，平遥古镇和凤凰古城都是免费入城。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Huizhou Ancient City中的“Ticket Price: 95 for one adult; 140 for one adult and one child; 230 for two adults and one child(票价：成人95元；成人1人、儿童1人140元；2名成人和1名儿童230元)”可知，一对夫妇，即两名成年人和一个孩子共支付230元。故选C项。
B
Chloe Ricketts is only 15 years old, but she’s already signed a professional contract with the Washington Spirit soccer team. That makes her the youngest player ever to sign with the National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL).
Chloe began working out with the Washington Spirit team in January. She trained with the team in Florida and Virginia. During training, Chloe impressed the team’s managers with her ability to compete with the other professional players, which led the team to offer her the contract.
For her part, Chloe says the chance to play for the Washington Spirit is “a dream come true”. Chloe is from Dexter, Michigan. She started playing soccer when she was seven. She claims that at the time, she was “the worst on the team”. However, she improved through hard work, extra training, and staying late after practice. It didn’t take her long to begin moving up in the soccer world.
In 2021, she played on a girls team, which went to the national finals of the Elite Clubs National League. She also played on a boys team, the 2007 Boys Ann Arbor Tigers, which won the Michigan State Cup that year. In January of 2022, Chloe signed with AFC Ann Arbor — a team that’s part of USL League Two. USL League Two helps develop players for the NWSL. When she joined AFC Ann Arbor, Chloe was just 14 — the youngest player ever to join the club.
Now, as she joins Washington Spirit, Chloe is in the 10th grade. While she is playing with the team, Chloe will continue to go to school online. But Chloe isn’t the first 15-year-old to play for the NWSL. The NWSL used to have a rule saying that no one under the age of 18 could join its teams. But in 2021, another 15-year-old, Olivia Moultrie, took the league to court.
4. What made the Washington Spirit soccer team sign a contract with Chloe
A. Her skills. B. Her experience. C. Her character. D. Her reputation.
5. Which of the following words can best describe Chloe
A. Careful. B. Easy-going. C. Far-sighted. D. Hard-working
6. On which team did Chloe win the Michigan State Cup
A. AFC Ann Arbor. B. USL League Two.
C. The 2007 Boys Ann Arbor Tigers. D. The Elite Clubs National League.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Washington Spirit revised a rule to take in Chloe.
B. Olivia Moultrie took the lead in Washington Spirit.
C. Chloe values her education during playing football.
D. Chloe’s participation makes her team much stronger.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15岁的女孩Chloe Ricketts加入了美国女子足球联赛，成为最年轻的NWSL签约运动员的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“During training, Chloe impressed the team’s managers with her ability to compete with the other professional players, which led the team to offer her the contract.(在训练期间，Chloe以其与其他职业球员竞争的能力给球队的经理留下了深刻的印象，这使得球队向她提供了合同)”可知，是Chloe的技能使华盛顿精神足球队与她签约。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“However, she improved through hard work, extra training, and staying late after practice.(然而，她通过刻苦训练、额外训练和练习后熬夜，进步了很多)”可推知，Chloe非常勤奋。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“She also played on a boys team, the 2007 Boys Ann Arbor Tigers, which won the Michigan State Cup that year.(她还参加了2007年男子安阿伯老虎队，并在当年赢得了密歇根州立杯)”可知，Chloe赢得密歇根州杯时供职于2007 Boys Ann Arbor Tigers。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“While she is playing with the team, Chloe will continue to go to school online.(当她和球队一起玩的时候，克洛伊将继续在网上上学)”可推知，Chloe在踢足球时，也重视自己的教育。故选C。
C
There is a wide gap between China and developed economies such as the US and South Korea in terms of the chip industry. However, the nation has taken big steps in charting its own course, which is evident in its chip industry’s growth. And China can meet 85 percent of its domestic demand if the chip industry fully applies the 14-nanometer transistor (晶体管) technology. In fact, this could become a reality in three to four years. Still, China lags behind in the processing and manufacturing of chips, as well as chip design and packaging.
Yet there is a silver lining for China, because the US’ technology blockade (封锁) helps remove the domestic objections to the development of the chip industry. The story of China’s LCD industry could be repeated in the chip industry this time: China has made joint efforts in the past ten years and now secures more than 60 percent of the LCD market.
Nevertheless, there should not be a mad rush across the country to develop chips. The government should offer encouragements to state-owned as well as privately owned enterprises to produce high-quality chips. The measure of freeing integrated circuit-making enterprises of paying corporate income tax for two years is a good move in this direction.
Also, China has about 1,700 semiconductor enterprises. They should be encouraged to pool their resources and technologies and strengthen their business operations so they can achieve breakthroughs in core technologies.
Besides, China should build a friendlier environment to attract talents from across the world to its chip industry. It’s indeed alarming that China faces a shortage of 300, 000 professionals in the chip industry. As Ren Zhengfei, founder and CEO of Huawei, said, “We had adopted a money-pumping approach in the past to develop the electronic industry. However, it takes more than money to develop chips. We should try our best to win over mathematicians and physicists.”
8. What’s the author’s attitude towards China’s chip industry
A. Subjective. B. Objective. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
9. What does the underlined phrase “a silver lining” in paragraph 2 probably refer to
A. A great success. B. A strong desire. C. A positive side. D. A slim chance.
10. What do we know about China’s LCD industry from the text
A. It is a highly profitable industry. B. It developed rapidly ten years ago.
C. It is less important than the chip industry. D. It went through difficulties previously.
11. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A. To list some disadvantages of China’s chip industry.
B. To analyze the US’ influence on China’s chip industry.
C. To show the rapid development of China’s chip industry.
D. To provide advice on the development of Chin’s chip industry.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了中国在芯片行业的发展和挑战，并提出具体的建议。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There is a wide gap between China and developed economies such as the US and South Korea in terms of the chip industry. However, the nation has taken big steps in charting its own course, which is evident in its chip industry’s growth. And China can meet 85 percent of its domestic demand if the chip industry fully applies the 14-nanometer transistor (晶体管) technology. In fact, this could become a reality in three to four years. Still, China lags behind in the processing and manufacturing of chips, as well as chip design and packaging.(在芯片产业方面，中国与美国、韩国等发达经济体之间存在很大差距。然而，这个国家在规划自己的道路上迈出了一大步，这在其芯片产业的增长中显而易见。如果芯片行业完全应用14纳米晶体管技术，中国可以满足85%的国内需求。事实上，这可能在三到四年后成为现实。尽管如此，中国在芯片的加工和制造以及芯片设计和封装方面仍然落后。)”可知，作者在文中谈到中国芯片产业与发达国家的差距，但也肯定了其进步。由此推知，作者对中国芯片产业的态度是客观的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yet there is a silver lining for China, because the US’ technology blockade (封锁) helps remove the domestic objections to the development of the chip industry. The story of China’s LCD industry could be repeated in the chip industry this time: China has made joint efforts in the past ten years and now secures more than 60 percent of the LCD market.(然而，对中国来说也有a silver lining，因为美国的技术封锁有助于消除国内对芯片产业发展的反对意见。这一次，中国LCD产业的故事可能会在芯片行业重演：中国在过去的十年里共同努力，现在占据了60%以上的LCD市场。)”可知，中国LCD产业正是因为美国的技术封锁才取得了现在骄人的成就，由此推知，划线短语“a silver lining”是指美国的封锁也具有“积极的一面”，与“A positive side”同义。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The story of China’s LCD industry could be repeated in the chip industry this time: China has made joint efforts in the past ten years and now secures more than 60 percent of the LCD market.(这一次，中国LCD产业的故事可能会在芯片行业重演：中国在过去的十年里共同努力，现在占据了60%以上的LCD市场。)”可推知，由于发达国家的技术封锁，中国LCD产业以前经历过十年的困难时期。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第三段“Nevertheless, there should not be a mad rush across the country to develop chips. The government should offer encouragements to state-owned as well as privately owned enterprises to produce high-quality chips. The measure of freeing integrated circuit-making enterprises of paying corporate income tax for two years is a good move in this direction.(然而，不应该在全国范围内疯狂地开发芯片。政府应该鼓励国有企业和民营企业生产高质量芯片。集成电路制造企业免征企业所得税两年的措施就是朝这个方向迈出的一大步。)”、第四段中“Also, China has about 1,700 semiconductor enterprises. They should be encouraged to pool their resources and technologies and strengthen their business operations so they can achieve breakthroughs in core technologies.(此外，中国有大约1700家半导体企业。鼓励中小企业集中资源和技术，加强经营，实现核心技术突破。)”和第五段中“Besides, China should build a friendlier environment to attract talents from across the world to its chip industry. (此外，中国应该建立一个更友好的环境，以吸引来自世界各地的人才到中国的芯片产业。)”可推知，在客观介绍中国芯片行业面临的问题和机遇后，作者也为中国芯片产业的发展提供了建议，这是作者写作篇文章的目的。故选D项。
D
It took “great talent or skill to hide ones’ talent or skill,” the French moralist Fran-ois VI once noted. As soon as we’ve reached a certain level of mastery, say in playing chess, it’s hard to act as if we knew little about the game of kings. That’s partly because it’s difficult to imagine what it was like when we were still packed with ignorance, even if that was just five minutes ago. Known as the Curse of Knowledge, this phenomenon speaks to what the tragic burden mastery can be.
The Curse of Knowledge is a cognitive bias that arises from having a greater understanding of a particular topic. It’s a phenomenon where those who possess more knowledge about a given subject find it difficult to relate to those with less familiarity. This can lead to misunderstandings, miscommunication, and even conflict.
The consequences are not far to seek. It’s particularly fateful if it affects those whose job it is to impart their knowledge to others. Imagine a math genius turned school teacher who’s forgotten what it was like not to understand basic algebra, or a highly capable risk analyst who has a hard time enduring journalists failing basic probability. Those with greater knowledge may be so focused on the details of the topic that they’re unable to explain the basics in a way that is accessible to those with less knowledge. This makes even the most skilled expert an ineffective teacher. As a result, the math teacher gets more and more frustrated with her students. The risk analyst lashes out on Twitter.
Sounds gloomy, doesn’t it The good news is that the Curse of Knowledge is preventable. Those with greater knowledge can take steps to help bridge the gap to those with less knowledge. This can include offering resources and encouraging the ignorant to ask questions. This also requires a combination of intellectual humility and empathy. Avoiding labeling the less knowledgeable ignorant helps, too. Learning to walk a mile in the shoes of the not-yet-cursed becomes a crucial meta-skill. Once we’ve mastered this level of approachability, there’s no need to conceal our talent or skill.
12. What is a problem when we reach a certain level of mastery
A. Being mistaken as the ignorant.
B. Being questioned by ordinary people.
C. Being riddled with the miserable burden.
D. Being challenged by communicating with the unskilled.
13. Who does the Curse of Knowledge affect the most
A. A pop singer having a concert.
B. A mum tutoring her 7-year-old son.
C. An artist making a lecture to beginners.
D A foreign student giving a presentation in class.
14. Which of the following best describes the Curse of Knowledge
A. Horrible. B. Overwhelming. C. Sociable. D. Avoidable.
15. What does the author suggest the knowledgeable do
A. Brave the Curse of Knowledge using your talent.
B. Learn new techniques by walking in others’ shoes.
C. Get out of your perception and into others’ perspective.
D. Fill the knowledge gaps between teachers and students.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了“知识的诅咒”及其影响和预防办法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As soon as we’ve reached a certain level of mastery , say in playing chess, it’s hard to act as if we knew little about the game of kings. That’s partly because it’s difficult to imagine what it was like when we were still packed with ignorance, even if that was just five minutes ago. Known as the Curse of Knowledge, this phenomenon speaks to what the tragic burden mastery can be.(一旦我们达到了一定的精通程度，比如下棋，就很难表现得好像我们对国王游戏一无所知。这在一定程度上是因为很难想象当我们还充满无知的时候是什么样子，即使那仅仅是五分钟前。这种现象被称为‘知识的诅咒’，它说明了掌握知识所带来的悲剧性负担)”可知，当我们达到一定的技能水平时，就很难想象我们在还不了解某个主题时的情况，这种现象被称为“知识的诅咒”，它让技能的掌握成为一种沉重的负担。所以当我们达到一定的技能水平所出现的问题是很难与没有技能的人交流，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“It’s particularly fateful if it affects those whose job it is to impart their knowledge to others. Imagine a math genius turned school teacher who’s forgotten what it was like not to understand basic algebra, or a highly capable risk analyst who has a hard time enduring journalists failing basic probability.(如果它影响到那些以向他人传授知识为工作的人，那就尤其致命。想象一下，一个数学天才变成了学校老师，他已经忘记了不懂基本代数是什么感觉，或者一个能力极强的风险分析师，他很难忍受记者不懂基本概率)”可知，知识的诅咒最严重地影响那些工作是向他人传授知识的人。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The good news is that the Curse of Knowledge is preventable. Those with greater knowledge can take steps to help bridge the gap to those with less knowledge.(好消息是，知识的诅咒是可以预防的。那些知识渊博的人可以采取措施帮助那些知识贫乏的人弥合差距)”可知，作者提到知识的诅咒是可以预防的。那些具有更多知识的人可以采取措施帮助弥合与那些知识较少的人之间的差距。故知识的诅咒是可以避免的。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Those with greater knowledge can take steps to help bridge the gap to those with less knowledge. This can include offering resources and encouraging the ignorant to ask questions. This also requires a combination of intellectual humility and empathy. Avoiding labeling the less knowledgeable ignorant helps, too. Learning to walk a mile in the shoes of the not-yet-cursed becomes a crucial meta-skill.(那些知识渊博的人可以采取措施帮助那些知识贫乏的人弥合差距。这可以包括提供资源和鼓励无知的人提出问题。这也需要智力上的谦逊和同理心的结合。避免给知识较少的人贴上无知的标签也有帮助。学会站在尚未被诅咒的人的立场上走一英里成为一项至关重要的元技能)”可知，作者建议知识渊博的人采取行动来帮助弥合与知识较少的人之间的差距。这可能包括提供资源和鼓励不了解的人提问。这还需要结合智慧谦卑和同理心。放弃对知识较少的人的贬低也是有帮助的。学会走在还未受到诅咒的人的鞋子里成为一种关键的元技能。因此，作者建议知识渊博的人摆脱自己的观念，进入他人的角度。故选C。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mind mapping is a technique through which you develop and visually organize thoughts, ideas, and information.____16____A mind map helps structure complex concepts and allows for a better understanding of the relationship between concepts.
The process of creating mind maps can have numerous benefits. ____17____ Mind maps can also help show the non-linear (非线性的) relations between different categories within a given concept.
Psychological research has also shown that mind mapping is an excellent tool for enhancing learning and understanding. For example, in a sample of 120 8th-grade students, researchers found that students who were taught using a mind-mapping technique performed better on a subsequent test than students who were taught using traditional methods.
____18____ A study involving college freshmen taking a writing class showed that students who were taught to use mind maps to organize their ideas made greater improvements in their writing ability than students taught to organize their ideas using traditional methods.
How to do mind mapping Define your central topic. Consider what the focus of your mind map should be and write it out in the center of the page. ____19____ Consider the broader categories related to your central topic. Sticking with the to-do list example, your first-level categories might include home, work, business, and personal health. Expand your branches. Each of the first-level categories you defined will branch off into different sub-categories, or second-level categories. ____20____
A. Break down the complex topic.
B. Other studies have found similar results.
C. Identify your first-level concepts or topics.
D. Mind maps can be a perfect method for brainstorming.
E. A mind map allows you to get into the details of a concept without losing track of the big picture.
F. This technique involves identifying a central topic and creating branches related to the central topic.
G Using different colored pens can also be a helpful way to indicate urgency or to set different categories apart.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要讲了思维导图这一工具的好处，并用相关调查研究证明，同时告诉了我们如何使用它。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Mind mapping is a technique through which you develop and visually organize thoughts, ideas, and information.(思维导图是一种技术，通过它你可以发展和可视化地组织思想、想法和信息)”以及后文“A mind map helps structure complex concepts and allows for a better understanding of the relationship between concepts.(思维导图有助于构建复杂的概念，并有助于更好地理解概念之间的关系)”可知，本句主要承接上文，继续解释思维导图的特点，故F选项“这种技术包括确定一个中心主题，并创建与中心主题相关的分支”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The process of creating mind maps can have numerous benefits.(制作思维导图的过程有很多好处)”以及后文“Mind maps can also help show the non-linear (非线性的) relations between different categories within a given concept.(思维导图还可以帮助显示给定概念中不同类别之间的非线性关系)”可知，本句是在说明思维导图的好处，故E选项“思维导图可以让你进入一个概念的细节，而不会失去对大局的跟踪”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据后文“A study involving college freshmen taking a writing class showed that students who were taught to use mind maps to organize their ideas made greater improvements in their writing ability than students taught to organize their ideas using traditional methods.(一项针对上写作课的大学新生的研究表明，用思维导图组织思想的学生在写作能力方面比用传统方法组织思想的学生有更大的提高)”可知，第三段和第四段均为research，因此此空为承上启下句。且同词复现study，故B选项“其他研究也发现了类似的结果”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Consider the broader categories related to your central topic.(考虑与你的中心主题相关的更广泛的类别)”可知，本句是在建议确定主题，后文有“relate to your central topic”，对应C项first-level concepts or topics，故C选项“确定你的初级概念或主题”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Each of the first-level categories you defined will branch off into different sub-categories, or second-level categories.(你定义的每个第一级类别都将分支成不同的子类别或第二级类别)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，最后一段教我们如何制作思维导图，本句为说明制作时的技巧，故G选项“使用不同颜色的笔也可以有效地表示紧急情况或区分不同的类别”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Young boys often dream of super powers to solve their problems. “If I could just click my fingers, my homework would be done,” many have ____21____.
Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster put their____22____down on paper. In the process, they created the world’s most ____23____superhero, Superman. It was 1933, when two kids ____24____in a middle-class neighborhood, became friends in high school. Joe was the artist and____25____all the time, using bits of any kind of paper he could find. He hung out at newsstands reading magazines, ____26____Amazing Stories and then took up a pencil or pen to ____27____them at home. Jerry was the ____28____ and the more ambitious of the two. He describes how the creation of Superman came to him in the middle of a ____29____ summer night, “I go out of bed and write this down, and then I go back and____30____some more for about two hours and get up again and write that down.”
The story of Superman has inspired kids for generations. It has____31____their fears and driven their dreams. Most____32____, Superman has inspired us all to find our ____33____and use them to help others. So, the next time you are ____34____ to save a friend from being bulled, or help the widow next door with your super power smile, ____35____Joe and Jerry, who dream up Superman, making the world a little more safe and a little more fair.
21.
A. displayed B. accounted C. trembled D. imagined
22.
A. ideas B. brushes C. devices D. patterns
23.
A. active B. popular C. complicated D. national
24.
A. getting round B. holding out C. growing up D. breaking down
25.
A. advertised B. clicked C. lied D. drew
26.
A. secretly B. especially C. carefully D. formally
27.
A. recreate B. strike C. intend D. react
28.
A. journalist B. elder C. storyteller D. receptionist
29.
A. moonless B. stormy C. sleepless D. wedding
30.
A. reflect B. scream C. hesitate D. accompany
31.
A. explored B. calmed C. raised D. hid
32.
A. unbelievably B. mysteriously C. obviously D. importantly
33.
A. consultants B. alternatives C. functions D. powers
34.
A. inspired B. frustrated C. made D. entertained
35.
A. blame B. cure C. inspect D. thank
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Jerry Siegel和Joe Shuster创造出了虚构人物“超人”的原因以及意义。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我能点击手指，我的家庭作业就会完成，”许多人想象道。A. displayed显示；B. accounted解释；C. trembled颤抖；D. imagined想象。根据上文“If I could just click my fingers, my homework would be done”可知，“如果点击手指，作业就会完成”，这是人们想象出来的。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰瑞·西格尔和乔·舒斯特把他们的想法写在纸上。A. ideas想法；B. brushes刷子；C. devices装置；D. patterns图案。根据下文“In the process, they created the world’s most ____3____superhero, Superman.”可知，杰里·西格尔和乔·舒斯特创造了超人，所以说他们很有想法，由此可知，此处指将想法写在纸上，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，他们创造了世界上最受欢迎的超级英雄，超人。A. active主动的；B. popular流行的；C. complicated复杂的；D. national国家的。根据下文“The story of Superman has inspired kids for generations.”可知，他们创造的超人非常受欢迎。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：1933年，两个在中产阶级社区长大的孩子在高中时成为了朋友。A. getting round说服；B. holding out伸出；C. growing up成长；D. breaking down故障。根据空后“in a middle-class neighborhood”可知，这两个孩子在中产阶级的社区长大。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔是一个艺术家，他总是用他能找到的任何一种纸碎片画画。A. advertised广告；B. clicked单击；C. lied撒谎；D. drew画画。根据上文“Joe was the artist”以及下文“using bits of any kind of paper he could find”可知，Joe 是一位艺术家，所以他无时无刻都在画画。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他在报摊上闲逛，阅读杂志，尤其是《神奇故事》，然后拿起铅笔或钢笔在家里重新创作。A. secretly秘密地；B. especially尤其是；C. carefully小心地；D. formally正式地。根据空后“Amazing Stories”可知，他在报摊上阅读杂志，尤其喜欢《神奇故事》这本杂志。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在报摊上闲逛，阅读杂志，尤其是《神奇故事》，然后拿起铅笔或钢笔在家里重新创作。A. recreate重新创造；B. strike罢工；C. intend意向；D. react反应。根据上文“In the process, they created the world’s most ____3____superhero, Superman.”可知，他看完杂志后，回到家中会重新创作。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰瑞是个讲故事的人，也是两人中比较有野心的一个。A. journalist记者；B. elder长者；C. storyteller故事(或小说)作者；D. receptionist接待员。根据下文“I go out of bed and write this down, and then I go back and____10____some more for about two hours and get up again and write that down.”可知，Jerry是一个写故事的人，他每天都在努力的写故事。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：他描述了超人的创造是如何在一个不眠的夏夜来到他面前的，“我起床把这件事写下来，然后我回去认真思考大约两个小时，然后再次起床把这一点写下来。”A. moonless无月亮的；B. stormy暴风雨的；C. sleepless不眠的；D. wedding婚礼。根据下午“I go out of bed and write this down, and then I go back and____10____some more for about two hours and get up again and write that down.”可知，Jerry在晚上反复起床把想到的故事写下来，所以这是一个不眠的夏夜。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他描述了超人的创造是如何在一个不眠的夏夜来到他面前的，“我起床把这件事写下来，然后我回去认真思考大约两个小时，然后再次起床把这一点写下来。”A. reflect认真思考；B. scream尖叫；C. hesitate犹豫；D. accompany陪同。根据下文“get up again and write that down”可知，他花费两个小时认真思考，然后再起床写下来。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它平息了他们的恐惧，推动了他们的梦想。A. explored探究；B. calmed使平静；C. raised举起；D. hid隐藏。根据空前“The story of Superman has inspired kids for generations.”可知，他们创造的故事鼓励了很多的孩子们，帮助他们平息了恐惧，推动了他们的梦想。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，超人激励我们所有人找到自己的力量并利用它们来帮助他人。A. unbelievably难以置信地；B. mysteriously神秘地；C. obviously显然；D. importantly重要的是。上文提到了超人能平息孩子的恐惧，此处是更进一步说超人的作用，所以应用更重要的是，为more importantly。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，超人激励我们所有人找到自己的力量并利用它们来帮助他人。A. consultants顾问；B. alternatives备选方案；C. functions功能；D. power力量。根据下文“So, the next time you are ____14____ to save a friend from being bulled, or help the widow next door with your super power smile, ”可知，超人激励了人们找到自己的力量，来帮助别人。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，下次当你受到鼓舞，想救一个朋友免于被欺负，或者用你的超能力微笑帮助隔壁的寡妇时，感谢乔和杰瑞，他们梦想着超人，让世界变得更安全、更公平。A. inspired启发；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. made制成；D. entertained招待。根据上文“Superman has inspired us all to find our 　　13　　 and use them to help others”可知，Superman激励我们找到自己的超级能力去帮助他人，所以此处指当你受到鼓舞想要帮助别人时，要感谢Jerry和Joe。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，下次当你受到鼓舞，想救一个朋友免于被欺负，或者用你的超能力微笑帮助隔壁的寡妇时，感谢乔和杰瑞，他们梦想着超人，让世界变得更安全、更公平。A. blame责怪；B. cure治愈；C. inspect检查；D. thank感谢。根据全文语境可知，Jerry和Joe创造的超人形象鼓舞了很多人，所以当我们去帮助别人的时候，我们先要感谢他们。故选D。
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
语法填空
For Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. Contrary____36____Westerners’ drinking cold water at home or in restaurants, Chinese people are always seen carrying vacuum cups whichever season it is. Why do they have a ____37____ (prefer) for hot water
In the past, the authorities suggested ____38____ (drink) boiled water to prevent infectious diseases，because it was ____39____ (general) considered a way to kill off bacteria. Even now, equipping hot water dispensers (饮水机) ____40____ (recommend) in public places like schools, hospitals and railway stations.
Another reason is Chinese people’s eating habits. It’s believed that hot water helps keep the body’s internal temperature, which can be ____41____ (benefit) to health by improving blood circulation and digestion. ____42____ is widely accepted in China that drinking a glass of warm water in the morning helps kick start the digestive system.
Finally traditional Chinese medicine places great emphasis on yin and yang, a concept ____43____hot water is considered to be yang and cold water yin. It’s believed that drinking hot water can balance the yin and yang in the body ____44____lead to better overall health in cold weather conditions.
So next time you have a cold, will you still be _______45_______ ( confuse) about a Chinese friend’s tip for drinking more hot water
【答案】36. to 37. preference
38. drinking
39. generally
40. is recommended
41. beneficial
42. it 43. where
44. and 45. confused
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国人喜饮热水的现象及原因。文章通过解释中国人爱喝热水的多层原因,旨在让考生了解饮食文化的差异性和多样性，提升跨文化意识和交流能力。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：与西方人在家或在餐馆喝冷水不同，中国人无论什么季节都拿着保温杯。contrary to 为固定搭配。故填 to。
【37题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：为什么他们偏爱热水 此处应填名词，prefer的名词形式为 preference，作宾语。故填preference。
【38题详解】
考查动名词。句意：在过去，当局建议喝开水来预防传染病，因为人们普遍认为这是一种杀死细菌的方法。suggest doing sth. 为常见搭配。故填 drinking。
【39题详解】
考查副词的用法。句意：在过去，当局建议喝开水来预防传染病，因为人们普遍认为这是一种杀死细菌的方法。本句话中缺少副词修饰 be considered。故填 generally。
【40题详解】
考查谓语动词的被动语态。句意：即使是现在，学校、医院和火车站等公共场所也建议配备热水机。这里在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语equipping hot water dispensers 和谓语动词recommend之间是被动关系，是一般现在时的被动语态，且此处是动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 is recommended。
【41题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：人们认为，热水有助于保持身体内部的温度，这可以通过促进血液循环和消化对健康有益。此处应填形容词，benefit的形容词是beneficial。故填 beneficial。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：在中国，人们普遍认为早上喝一杯温水有助于启动消化系统。此处考查名词性从句中的形式主语的用法,即 it 作形式主语代指后文 that 引 导的整个从句。故填 It。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最后，传统中医非常强调阴阳，热水被认为是阳，冷水被认为是阴。此处a concept是先行词，表示抽象地点，在后面的句子中作地点状语，所以定语从句由关系副词where引导。即：在阴阳理论中，热水为阳，冷水为阴。故填 where。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：人们相信，在寒冷的天气里，喝热水可以平衡体内的阴阳，从而使整体健康状况更好。根据句意“一般认为，饮用热水能让人体内的阴阳平衡，并且让人在寒冷的天气条件下保持健康。”可知,此处表示顺承关系，且不能使用定于从句引导词which。故填 and。
【45题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：所以下次你感冒的时候，你还会对中国朋友关于多喝热水的建议感到困惑吗 此处需要形容词来形容人的心情，作表语。故填 confused。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 近年来，许多城市都流行兴建“口袋公园”，曾经的社区边角地摇身一变，成了家门口高颜值的小公园，给市民带来了惊喜。假定你是李华，你所在的城市也逐渐建了一些口袋公园，为此你校英文报社正在组织以“Pocket Parks in My Eyes”为主题的征文活动，请你撰写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
(1)简要介绍“口袋公园”；
(2)阐述“口袋公园”的好处；
(3)号召绿色生活方式。
注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Pocket Parks in My Eyes
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Pocket Parks in My Eyes
“Pocket Parks” is a term that refers to small, urban parks created in limited spaces within the city.
Pocket parks bring numerous benefits to our community from various perspectives. Firstly, they contribute to the economy by attracting visitors and stimulating local businesses. Additionally, pocket parks play a vital role in improving the life quality of residents. These small paradises offer a welcome escape from our busy city life.
In conclusion, pocket parks have many advantages for our cities. Let us embrace a greener lifestyle and make use of these parks, appreciating the beauty of nature right at our doorstep.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生以“Pocket Parks in My Eyes”为主题，写一篇短文投稿，参加学校英文报社的征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
许多的：numerous→a number of
各种各样的：various→a variety of
首先：firstly→first of all
另外：additionally→moreover
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, they contribute to the economy by attracting visitors and stimulating local businesses.
拓展句：Firstly, they attract visitors and stimulate local businesses, which contribute to the economy.
【点睛】[高分句型1] “Pocket Parks” is a term that refers to small, urban parks created in limited spaces within the city. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Let us embrace a greener lifestyle and make use of these parks, appreciating the beauty of nature right at our doorstep. (运用了现在分词作状语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jordy sat on the steps of his old row house, eating a cucumber (黄瓜) and watching the rush hour traffic. “I’m gonna tell Mama you took a whole cucumber and ate it all up,” said his sister, Katie. “I did not take a whole one,” answered Jordy. “I had to cut off a rotten part.” He spit some of the seeds across the little plot of dirt that was their yard. “This cucumber sure is a seedy one”, he complained.
A woman in a red dress got off the bus at the corner. Katie ran to meet her. By the time Mama got to the steps, she had heard all about Jordy eating the cucumber. “You know you’re not supposed to just go help yourself,” Mama scolded. “You know how much food is these days.” Jordy nodded. “But high prices won’t get us this summer,” Mama went on. “We’re going to have a garden.” “Is Papa gonna dig up our front yard ” asked Jordy. “You’re gonna dig it up,” corrected Mama. “Papa’s got enough to do fixing people’s cars and trucks.” Unwillingly, Jordy did the work, and after the vegetables started coming up, Papa sent him out to weed the garden.
One day Jordy noticed a strange plant next to the fence. It didn’t look like a vegetable, but then it didn’t look like a weed either. Jordy thought maybe it was a flower so he left it. Every day Jordy went out to see how much it had grown. Having a favorite plant made the work in the garden seem easier.
One Saturday when Katie was looking at the plant, she suddenly jumped back. “Jordy’s plant is climbing up the fence and it’s got fuzz (绒毛),” she shouted. Papa heard the screaming and came to look. He said, “Looks like the vine (藤蔓) has got some kind of disease. I think you’re gonna have to get rid of it, Jordy.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
“But it’s not hurting anything,” protested Jordy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“Mama Papa! A miracle!” Jordy screamed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“But it's not hurting anything,” protested Jordy. “Can’t it stay, please ” Papa sighed but agreed. He knew how much the boy liked the vine and how he’d been taking such good care of the garden. The next week it rained a lot. When the sun came out, Jordy held his breath and went to see if the vegetables had caught the disease or if it had spread some more. More green fuzz, all over the vine now. He went to see the beginning of the vine where Katie had first noticed the fuzz. It couldn’t be. But it was! Cucumbers!
“Mama, Papa! A miracle!” Jordy screamed. Mama ran out of the door, followed by Katie. Papa scooted out from under the car he was fixing. The three wondered what had happened. “Cucumbers!” Jordy pointed at the vine and the family all looked closely. They sure were cucumbers. Papa reached out and patted Jordy’s head. “All growing on the fence and not taking up any room. Jordy, you’re the smartest gardener I know.” Jordy felt proud of himself and realized that caring for a plant does need a lot of patience!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了Jordy把吃的黄瓜籽吐在了花园里。结果黄瓜籽发了芽，刚开始Jordy并没有认出这是黄瓜，他以为是一种花。后来Jordy爸爸想要把这个植物铲除，但是Jordy不同意。最终这个植物竟然结出了黄瓜。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““但这不会伤害任何东西，”乔迪抗议道。”可知，第一段可描写Jordy恳请爸爸不要铲除这个植物，结果让人意料之外的是，它结出了黄瓜。
②由第二段首句内容“妈妈，爸爸！奇迹！”乔迪尖叫道。”可知，第二段可描写Jordy父母对于长出来的黄瓜感到吃惊，并表扬了Jordy。
2.续写线索：吃黄瓜——吐籽——生长——铲除——结果——赞扬
3.词汇激活
行为类
①照顾：take care of/look after
②感染疾病：catch the disease/infect with the disease
③占据空间：take up room/occupy room
情绪类
①感到骄傲：feel proud of/take pride in
③耐心：patience/tolerance
【点睛】【高分句型1】 When the sun came out, Jordy held his breath and went to see if the vegetables had caught the disease or if it had spread some more.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和if引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 Jordy felt proud of himself and realized that caring for a plant does need a lot of patience!（运用了that引导的宾语从句）

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