Unit 4
Exercise A Viewing and Listening
I. Look at the picture and answer the questions (看图片,回答问题)
1. What do you see 2. From your point of view, why did this happen
II. Listening comprehension (听力理解)
A. Listen and choose the right pictures(根据你听到的内容,选出相应的图片)
1. 2. 4. 3. 5. 6.
B. Listen to the dialogues and choose the best answer to each question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)
( ) 7. A. With smartphones. B. With cassette tapes.
C. With MP3 players. D. With radios,
( ) 8. A. Electric lights. B. Candles. C. Lanterns. D. Flashlights.
( ) 9. A. They went to school. B. They worked in factories.
C. They played all day. D. They travelled a lot.
( ) 10. A. Phone books. B. Smartphones. C. Computers. D. Newspapers.
( ) 11. A. People will work harder. B. Robots will do housework.
C. Life will be slower. D. People will travel less.
( ) 12. A. It's a small city. B. It's difficult to travel there.
C. It's not very interesting. D. It has many modern buildings.
( ) 13. A. A cassette player. B. A record player.
C. A smartphone. D. A radio.
( ) 14. A. Sell them. B. Throw them away.
C. Keep them. D. Donate them.
C. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文,完成下列内容。每空格限填一词)
In the past, people used to travel very differently from how we do today. Before the invention of cars and airplanes, most people travelled on 15 or by boat. It was a slow and difficult process, especially when crossing 16 or mountains. Travelling long distances could take weeks or even months, and people had to carry all their supplies with them.
Today, we have modern transportation like trains, buses, and airplanes, which makes travelling much 17 . We can now travel across the world in just a few days, and we don't have to worry about carrying heavy supplies. However, some people still prefer to travel by 18 because it allows them to enjoy the scenery and take their time. They believe that slower travel helps them appreciate the journey more.
In the future, some scientists believe we might even have 19 cars that can fly, making travel even faster and more convenient. These cars could help reduce traffic on the roads and make it easier to travel to remote areas. But no matter how we travel, it's important to remember how far we' ve come since the days of 20 and horse-drawn carriages.
15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
Exercise B Speaking
I. Read the expressions and sentences (正确朗读以下短语和句子)
1. make long journeys
2. international city
3. a comparison of past and present life
4. You put the cassette inside the machine and music plays.
5. Over the next few decades, horse buses and railway trains became popular.
II. Make quick responses to the sentences you hear (快速应答)
1. What did people use to listen to music in the past
2. How did people travel before cars were invented
3. What changes have happened in Chongqing over the years
4. Life in the past was harder than today, wasn't it
5. What old items have you found in your home
Ⅲ. Free talk (说一说)
Directions: Say at least eight sentences according to the topic “How has technology changed our lives ” You have one minute to prepare and one minute to talk.
Exercise C Vocabulary and Grammar
I. Translate the following phrases into English (把下列词组译成英文)
1.过去和现在 2.科技的发展
3.手写信件 4.现代交通工具
5.城市的变化 6.生活在没有电的房子里
7.使用盒式磁带听音乐 8.污染严重的
9.一座快速发展的城市 10.过去的生活条件
11.写信给远方的朋友 12.使用胶卷相机拍照
13.现代城市的桥梁 14.从乡村搬到城市
15.没有自来水的时代 16.查找号码
17.很少上学 18.未来的交通方式
19.接纳新事物 20.既有向好的一面，也有变坏的一面
II. Translate the following sentences into English (把下列句子译成英文)
1.过去，人们常常步行或骑马旅行，因为汽车还没有发明。
2.在19世纪，许多孩子不得不在工厂工作，而不是去上学。
3.尽管重庆的山很多，但现在有了许多现代化的桥梁和隧道。
4.我奶奶告诉我，她小时候家里没有电，晚上用蜡烛照明。
5.现代科技让我们的生活变得更加方便，但也让我们失去了很多过去的传统。
6.未来的交通方式可能会包括飞行汽车和自动驾驶技术。
Ⅲ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用所给单词的适当形式填空)
1. In the 19th century, many families lived in small houses without , and they used candles for light. (electric)
2. The of public transport in the 19th century made it easier for people to travel long distances. (develop)
3. The of rivers in the 19th century made the water unsafe to drink. (pollute)
4. Modern technology has made much faster and easier than before.(communicate)
5. The of the Internet has completely changed the way we communicate and access information. (invent)
6. In the past, people on horses and carriages for transportation. (rely)
plete the following sentences. The first letters are given (用适当的单词完成下列句子，首字母已给)
1. In the past, people used to w their clothes by hand, but now we use washing machines.
2. The i of electricity completely changed the way people lived and worked.
3. Before the invention of the telephone, people c over long distances by writing letters.
4. The d of online shopping has made it easier to buy goods from anywhere in the world.
5. In the past, people used candles for 1 , but now we have electric lights.
6. The d of forests has become a major environmental concern in recent years.
V. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms (用所给动词的适当形式填空)
1. Before the Internet , people had to rely on books for information. (exist)
2. The old man how he used to travel by horse and carriage. (recall)
3. When the teacher the history of technology, the students were fascinated. (explain)
4. The scientist that future homes would be powered by solar energy. (predict)
5. In the past, people access to modern entertainment like streaming services. (not/ have)
6. The invention of the airplane the way people travel around the world. (revolutionize)
VI. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)
( ) 1. In the past, people used to letters to communicate, but now we mostly use emails.
A. write B. wrote C. written D. writing
( ) 2. The invention of the Internet has the way we access information.
A. change B. changed C. changing D. changes
( ) 3. Before the invention of cars, people by horse or on foot.
A. travel B. travelled C. travelling D. travels
( ) 4. In the 19th century, many children in factories instead of going to school.
A. work B. worked C. working D. works
( ) 5. The development of modern transportation has made travelling than before.
A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. more easy
( ) 6. Which of the following is NOT a modern invention
A. Smartphone. B. Television. C. Horse carriage. D. Airplane.
( ) 7. In the past, people used candles for , but now we use electric lights.
A. a light B. lighting C. lights D. lighted
( ) 8. The of online shopping has made it easier to buy goods from anywhere.
A. introduce B. introduced C. introduction D. introducing
( ) 9. Before the invention of the Internet, people had to libraries to find information.
A. visit B. visited C. visiting D. visits
( ) 10. The scientist that everything in the future would be connected to a network, called the Internet of Things.
A. thinks B. thought C. thinking D. is thinking
VII. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子)
1. People used to travel by horse in the past. (改为否定句)
People travel by horse in the past.
2. The invention of the Internet has changed the way we communicate. (对画线部分提问)
the invention of the Internet changed
3. She never wrote letters to her friends. (改为反意疑问句)
She never wrote letters to her friends,
4. it won't be long/ you regret what you have done(选词成句 when, as, before, after)
5. the invention of the telephone/ people couldn't communicate over long distances instantly (选词成句 before, until, as, when)
6. opportunities, lemons, make, when, life, into, gives, lemonade, and, turn, challenges, you(连词成句)
Exercise D Reading
I. Choose the best answer (阅读短文，选择最恰当的答案)
In the 19th century, communication was a slow and laborious process. People relied on handwritten letters, which could take weeks or even months to reach their destination. The invention of the telegraph in the mid-1800s revolutionized communication, allowing messages to be sent over long distances in a matter of minutes. However, it was the advent of the telephone in the late 19th century that truly transformed how people interacted with one another.
Fast forward to the 21st century, and communication has become almost instantaneous. With the rise of the Internet and smartphones, people can now send messages, make video calls, and share information with anyone around the globe in seconds. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Weibo have further changed the way we communicate, allowing users to share their thoughts, photos, and videos with a wide audience.
Despite these advancements, some argue that modern communication lacks the personal touch of handwritten letters. In the past, letters were often carefully crafted, with attention paid to every word. Today, messages are often short and informal, with emojis and缩略词 replacing full sentences. However, others believe that the speed and convenience of modern communication outweigh these drawbacks.
The evolution of communication has also had a significant impact on businesses. In the past, companies relied on mail and telephones to communicate with clients and partners. Today, email, video conferencing, and instant messaging have made it easier than ever to conduct business on a global scale. This has led to increased efficiency and productivity, but it has also created new challenges, such as the need to manage large volumes of digital information.
As technology continues to advance, it is likely that communication will continue to evolve. Some experts predict that virtual reality and artificial intelligence will play a major role in the future of communication, allowing people to interact in more immersive and personalized ways. Whatever the future holds, one thing is certain: the way we communicate will continue to change, just as it has for centuries.
( ) 1. What was the impact of the telegraph on communication in the 19th century
A. It made communication slower and more laborious.
B. It allowed messages to be sent over long distances in minutes.
C. It replaced handwritten letters entirely.
D. It had no significant impact on communication.
( ) 2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a modern communication tool
A. Social media platforms. B. Video conferencing.
C. Handwritten letters. D. Instant messaging.
( ) 3. What is the closest ANTONYM for the underlined word “laborious” in the first paragraph
A. Easy. B. Difficult. C. Slow. D. Complicated.
( ) 4. Which of the following would be most important to include in a summary of the passage
A. The invention of the telegraph allowed messages to be sent quickly.
B. Modern communication is faster but less personal than in the past.
C. Virtual reality will change the way we communicate in the future.
D. Businesses have benefited from the evolution of communication.
( ) 5. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The invention of the telephone revolutionized communication.
B. Modern communication lacks the personal touch of handwritten letters.
C. Communication has evolved significantly over time, from letters to instant messaging.
D. Virtual reality will play a major role in the future of communication.
plete the following passage with the proper words in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词填入空格。每个单词只能填一次)
A. traditional B. access C. digital D. classrooms E. textbooks F. interaction
Education has undergone significant changes over the past century. In the past, 1 education was the norm, with students sitting in 2 and learning from 3 Teachers relied heavily on lectures, and students had limited resources to supplement their learning.
Today, the rise of 4 technology has transformed the way we learn. Students now have 5 to a wealth of online resources, including videos, e-books, and educational apps. Modern classrooms are equipped with smartboards and other interactive tools that make learning more engaging and effective.
Despite these advancements, some argue that traditional methods still have value. For example, face-to-face 6 with teachers and peers can foster deeper understanding and critical thinking. However, there is no denying that technology has made education more accessible and flexible than ever before.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5 .. 6
Ⅲ. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的内容完成短文)
The way we communicate has changed significantly over the past century. In the past, people relied on 1 letters to stay in touch with friends and family. These letters could take weeks or even months to reach their destination, making communication a slow and 2 process.
With the invention of the telephone, communication became faster and more 3 . People could now speak to each other in real time, regardless of distance. However, it was the rise of the Internet that truly 4 the way we communicate. Today, we can send emails, instant messages, and even make video calls with just a few clicks.
Despite these advancements, some argue that modern communication lacks the 5 touch of handwritten letters. In the past, letters were often filled with personal thoughts and emotions, whereas today's messages are often short and 6
As we look to the future, it is clear that communication will continue to evolve. Some experts predict that virtual reality and artificial intelligence will play a major role in how we interact with each other. However, one thing is certain: the way we communicate will never be the same as it was in the 7 .
( ) 1. A. handwritten B. typed C. printed D. digital
( ) 2. A. efficient B. instant C. laborious D. modern
( ) 3. A. expensive B. convenient C. difficult D. outdated
( ) 4. A. delayed B. transformed C. limited D. ignored
( ) 5. A. personal B. formal C. digital D. public
( ) 6. A. emotional B. informal C. lengthy D. detailed
( ) 7. A. present B. future C. past D. moment
IV. Fill in the blanks with proper words. The first letters are given (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
In the early 20th century, the world's transportation system relied heavily on steam-powered trains and ships. These modes of transportation were slow and required significant amounts of coal to operate. However, the invention of the internal combustion engine in the late 19th century c 1 the way people travelled. By the mid-20th century, cars and aero planes had become the primary means of transportation, making travel faster and more efficient.
Today, the transportation industry is undergoing another major transformation. The rise of electric vehicles (EVs) and the development of high-speed trains are changing how we move from place to place. Electric cars, powered by batteries instead of gasoline, are becoming increasingly popular due to their environmental benefits. Similarly, high-speed trains, such as those in Japan and Europe, can travel at speeds of over 300 kilometres per hour, making them a c 2 alternative to air travel for short to medium distances.
Despite these advancements, challenges remain. The production of electric vehicles requires rare materials, such as lithium and cobalt, which can have negative environmental impacts. Additionally, the infrastructure needed to support widespread EV adoption, such as charging stations, is still1 3 in many parts of the world.
Looking to the future, experts predict that autonomous vehicles(self-driving cars) will become a reality within the next decade. These vehicles could further t 4 the transportation industry by reducing traffic accidents and improving efficiency. H 5 , concerns about safety and job displacement in the trucking and taxi industries remain.
The evolution of transportation over the past century has been remarkable. From steam-powered trains to electric and autonomous vehicles, the way we travel has changed dramatically. As technology continues to advance, it is clear that the transportation systems of the future will be very different from those of the p 6 .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Exercise E Writing
Fields Then Now
Communication write letters by hand make phone calls send messages on the smartphone make video calls
Study
Entertainment(娱乐)
I. In what fields has technology changed our life Complete the comparison chart below(科技在哪些领域改变了我们的生活 请填写完成下面的对比表，已给出三个方面，可以自己补充其他方面)
II. Writing(写作)
Please write a short paragraph based on the chart above with the title"How has technology changed our lives "请以“How has technology changed our lives ”为题写一篇短文，选取上表中的2~3个方面进行阐述，词数不少于80。
How has technology changed our lives
Exercise A Viewing and Listening
II. Listening comprehension(听力理解)
A. Listen and choose the right pictures (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片)
1. In the past, people used cassette tapes to listen to music. They put the tape into a cassette player.
2. People wrote letters by hand and sent them through the post office.
3. In the 19th century, children from poor families often worked in factories instead of going to school.
4. People use smartphones to take photos, listen to music and make phone calls now.
5. People used horses to travel around the city before cars became popular.
6. Tourists from all over the world visit Chongqing to see its modern bridges and skyscrapers.
(1. E 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. C 6. B)
B. Listen to the dialogues and choose the best answer to each question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)
7. W: Do you remember how we used to listen to music when we were kids
M: Of course We had those cassette tapes and a cassette player. It was so different from today.
W: Yes, now we just use our smartphones for everything.
Q: How did they listen to music when they were kids
8. M: I found this old photo of my grandparents. They used to live in a small village.
W: Really What was life like back then
M: They didn't have electricity, so they used candles at night.
Q: What did the man's grandparents use at night
9. W: I read that in the 19th century, many children worked in factories instead of going to school.
M: That's true. Life was very hard for them. They worked long hours and had no time to play.
Q: What did many children do in the 19th century
10. M: Have you seen this old phone book It's from the 1980s.
W: Wow People used to look up phone numbers in books like this.
M: Yes, now we just use our phones to find everything.
Q: What did people use to find phone numbers in the past
11. W: Do you think life will be very different in the future
M: Definitely. Maybe we' ll have flying cars and robots doing all the housework.
W: That sounds exciting, but I hope we still have time to relax.
Q: What does the man think life will be like in the future
12. M: I heard you visited Chongqing last year. How was it
W: It was amazing The city has changed so much. There are so many modern bridges and skyscrapers now.
Q: What does the woman say about Chongqing
13. W: I found this old record in the attic. Do you know what it is
M: Yes, it's called a vinyl record. People used to play music on it with a record player.
W: That's so cool I've only seen records in movies.
Q: What did people use to play music on vinyl records
14. M: Do you think we should keep these old things or sell them
W: I think we should keep them. They remind us of how life used to be.
M: You' re right. They' re part of our history.
Q: What does the woman think they should do with the old things
(7. B 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C)
C. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences(听短文，完成下列内容。每空格限填一词)
In the past, people used to travel very differently from how we do today. Before the invention of cars and airplanes, most people traveled on foot or by boat. It was a slow and difficult process, especially when crossing deserts or mountains. Travelling long distances could take weeks or even months, and people had to carry all their supplies with them.
Today, we have modern transportation like trains, buses and airplanes, which makes travelling much more efficient. We can now travel across the world in just a few days, and we don't have to worry about carrying heavy supplies. However, some people still prefer to travel by rail because it allows them to enjoy the scenery and take their time. They believe that slower travel helps them appreciate the journey more.
In the future, some scientists believe we might even have electrical cars that can fly, making travel even faster and more convenient. These cars could help reduce traffic on the roads and make it easier to travel to remote areas. But no matter how we travel, it's important to remember how far we've come since the days of walking and horse- drawn carriages.
(15. foot 16. deserts 17. efficient 18. rail 19. electrical 20. walking)
Exercise B Speaking
II.(For reference)
1. They used cassette tapes, records and radios.
2. They traveled by horse, carriage, or on foot.
3. Chongqing has become a modern city with more bridges, tunnels and skyscrapers.
4. Yes, people didn't have electricity or modern technology, so daily tasks were more difficult.
5. I found an old cassette player and some handwritten letters.
III.(For reference)
Technology has changed our lives in many ways. In the past, people used to write letters to communicate, but now we send emails and instant messages. In the past, we had to go to libraries to find information, but now we can search the Internet on our smartphones. In the past, we traveled by horse or train, but now we drive cars and fly airplanes. Technology has made our lives faster and more convenient. However, it has also created new challenges, such as the need to adapt to constant changes and the risk of losing personal connections. Overall, technology has transformed the way we live, work and communicate.
Exercise C Vocabulary and Grammar
I. 1. then and now/ past and present 2. development of technology
3. write letters by hand 4. modern transportation
5. changes in cities 6. live in houses without electricity
7. listen to music with cassette tapes 8. heavily polluted
9. a fast- growing city 10. living conditions in the past
11. write letters to friends far away 12. take photos with a film camera
13. bridges and tunnels in modern cities 14. move from the countryside to the city
15. a time without running water 16. look up numbers
17. rarely go to school 18. future transportation methods
19. be open to new things 20. both for the better and for the worse
II. 1. In the past, people often travelled on foot or by horse because cars had not been invented yet.
2. In the 19th century, many children had to work in factories instead of going to school.
3. Although Chongqing has many mountains, there are now many modern bridges and tunnels.
4. My grandmother told me that when she was a child, her family had no electricity and used candles for light at night.
5. Modern technology has made our lives more convenient, but it has also caused us to lose many traditions from the past.
6. Future transportation methods may include flying cars and self-driving technology.
III. 1.electricity 2.development 3.pollution 4.communication 5.invention6. relied
IV. 1.wash 2.introduction 3.communicated 4. development 5. light/ lighting6. destruction
V. 1. existed 2. recalled 3. explained 4. predicted 5. did not have 6. has revolutionized
VI. 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B
VII. 1. usedn't to 2. What has 3. did she
4. It won't be long before you regret what you have done.
5. Before the invention of the telephone, people couldn't communicate over long distances instantly.
6. When life gives you lemons, make lemonade and turn challenges into opportunities
Exercise D Reading
I. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
II. 1. A 2. D 3. E 4. C 5. B 6. F
III. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
IV. 1.changed 2.competitive 3.lacking 4.transform 5.However 6.past
Exercise E Writing
I. (略)
II. One possible version:
How has technology changed our lives
Technology has significantly changed the way we communicate, study and travel. In the past, people relied on handwritten letters to stay in touch, but now we send instant messages and make video calls. In the past, we used books and libraries to find information, but now we search the Internet and access knowledge within seconds. In the past, we travelled by horse or train, but now we drive cars and fly airplanes. Sometimes we even use VR helmets to experience the beautiful scenes around the world without stepping out of our home. These advancements have made our lives easier, more convenient and more connected. However, they have also created new challenges, such as the need to adapt to constant changes and the risk of losing personal connections. Overall, technology has transformed our world in ways that were unimaginable just a few decades ago.

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