03 语法填空综合训练
语法填空（一）
（考试时间：40分钟 试卷满分：40分）
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三下学期联考（八））
话题：人物故事 词数：181 考查要点：定语从句，并列连词，介词，动词的时态和语态，词形转换，非谓语动词等
The other day, on my way home, I found an old man and his wife sitting by a footpath 1 (look) exhausted. I stopped to ask what was the matter. On asking I learnt that he had just been discharged from hospital and was going home. They had to walk several 2 (block) to reach the nearest bus stop and the hot and humid weather was obviously more than they could bear. I made up my mind 3 (help) them. I put them in a taxi and 4 (pay) the fare to their house. As they got into the taxi, I saw the look of 5 (relieve) and gratitude on 6 (they) face. It was worth a million dollars! I felt very blessed and felt sorry for those 7 saw their condition 8 did not reach out to help. For me, to ignore people 9 need is very hard, 10 (especial) when I am in a position to help. After all, an act of goodness is of itself an act of happiness. Besides, it makes a great difference to the world.
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·广西巴马县高级中学等校高三下学期5月联考）
话题：中国传统美食烧饼 词数：236 考查要点：定语从句，并列连词，介词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词等
Shaobing (a type of traditional flatbread), particularly 11 (love) by people in the north of China, 12 (recognize) as one of the world’s 50 best breads last year. This recognition not only highlights the unique flavor and texture of shaobing but also shows the diversity and richness of Chinese cuisine to the world.
This traditional flatbread has a rich history 13 more than two thousand years and it also has 14 unique taste that makes people mouth-watering, making it a favorite among both locals and tourists. 15 (general) speaking, the basic ingredients of shaobing include flour, water and salt. Traditionally, the dough (面团) is folded and layered with oil to create a flaky (酥脆的) texture. Shaobing baker masters can slap (拍打) the dough so incredibly thin that the finished product has 18 or more layers. In some areas, spices and seasonings are added to the dough 16 (enhance) the flavor. According to a bread historian, William Rubel, 17 is the author of Bread: A Global History, argues that creating a strict 18 (define) of bread is unnecessary. “Bread is basically what your culture says it is.” This viewpoint demonstrates that bread can take many forms and flavors, 19 (reflect) the cultural diversity of our planet.
Whether eaten as a casual street food or during special celebrations, shaobing never fails to delight the senses 20 bring people together to appreciate good food and tradition.
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·福建省仙游华侨中学高三质量检测）
话题：城市绿地 词数：186 考查要点：定语从句，冠词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，并列连词等
In recent years, cities around the world 21 (recognize) the importance of green spaces. Urban greening is no longer just a trend — it’s 22 essential part of sustainable city planning. One of the primary benefits is their ability 23 (reduce) air pollution. A study 24 (publish) last year found that cities with more trees had significantly lower levels of particulate matter, 25 (make) them healthier.
Green areas not only saves energy 26 also mitigates the “urban heat island” effect, where cities are much warmer than surrounding rural areas. In densely populated cities, parks and community gardens serve as oases 27 people can escape the hustle and bustle of daily life. They also encourage physical activity by 28 (offer) opportunities for exercise.
Many cities have launched initiatives to plant more trees. Some even allow citizens 29 (participate) in tree-planting events or adopt their own “green corners.” As we continue to urbanize, investing in green infrastructure is not a luxury but a necessity. By integrating nature into our cities, we can build places 30 are not only functional and sustainable but also beautiful and full of life.
Passage 4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·安徽省淮北市第十二中学高三下学期第一次质量检测）
话题：智能技术和智能城市建设 词数：218 考查要点：定语从句，动词的时态和语态，介词，词形转换，非谓语动词，名词复数等
To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from 31 he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. However, the 32 (great) issue he encountered was the widespread inconsistency in the use of drug names. Realising the importance of field research outweighed that of extensive reading, Li travelled far and wide into the mountains and wilderness in1565. He covered what are today’s 33 (province) of Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu, and many other places.
After over a decade of field research, Li 34 (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. He revised 35 work at least three times right up until his death in 1593.
Since its first publication in 1596, the book 36 (receive) world-wide recognition. British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book 37 an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia.” In 2011, the book 38 (list) on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. In 2017, an international conference was held in Beijing 39 (celebrate) Li’s 500th birthday.
Today, there are a 40 (grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic.
语法填空（二）
（考试时间：40分钟 试卷满分：40分）
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·重庆市第八中学校高三下学期5月全真模拟）
话题：南京瞻园 词数：233 考查要点：定语从句，代词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，冠词等
Nanjing’s 600-year-old Zhanyuan Garden, one of China’s Four Great Gardens of Jiangnan, 1 (perfect) shows the traditional idea of harmony between humans and nature. Found near the Confucius Temple along the Qinhuai River, this ancient Ming Dynasty garden uses three key elements in 2 (it) design: special rocks, water pools, and man-made hills. Its rock arrangements follow 3 “hills as main focus, water as support” rule of classical Chinese gardening.
The garden’s most famous attraction is the Fan Pavilion (亭子), known as one of the world’s 4 (early) temperature-controlled buildings. Historical records describe how servants 5 (burn) charcoal (木炭) underground in winter. Heat traveled through pipes 6 (warm) the pavilion so effectively that, as described in the Qing Dynasty novel The Unofficial History of the Scholars, rich people inside could even take off heavy coats while enjoying snowy views outside.
Spring nights offer the best visiting experience. Small 7 (guide) groups walk through the peaceful garden under soft lighting. The magical moment comes at the Moon-Chasing Pavilion’s lakeside platform, 8 visitors often see two moons at once — the real one in the sky and its perfect reflection in the water. This beautiful scene, best shared with a friend, helps explain why Chinese poets and artists 9 (love) this garden for centuries. Its quiet beauty continues to teach modern visitors about ancient 10 (wise) in balancing human creations with natural beauty.
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·江西省新余市实验中学高三下学期押题模拟卷（四））
话题：景颇族一年中最大的节日目瑙纵歌 词数：235 考查要点：连词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，冠词等
Munro Zongge is the biggest festival of the year of Jingpo people. Munao Zonge means dancing together in the Jinpo language and 11 (celebrate) around the Lantern Festival, lasting for three to seven days. It was listed as 12 national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage in 2006.
In ancient times, it was said that only the children of the Sun could dance in the 13 (tradition) Munao Carnival. According to the legend, the king of the Sun once 14 (invite) all of the Earth’s creatures to the festival in the Sun Palace. All the birds flew to join the festival, and on 15 way home they came across a forest, where they found all kinds of beautiful fruit on the trees.
To share the fresh fruit among each other, the 16 (bird) held the First Birds’ Munao Carnival. Two humans joined the festival and they were absorbed in 17 (happy). According to the legend, that was how the Munao Carnival started.
It is said that after the humans learned the Munao Zongge dance, they became 18 (health) and luckier. To this day, whenever the Jingpo people need 19 (remove) bad spirits or pray for a better harvest, they perform the Munao Zongge dance.
Munao Zongge used to be celebrated only by Jingpo people 20 recent years have brought different people from all over the world to join in on this grand festival and dance together.
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·广东省深圳市高级中学高中园高三5月高考适应性考试）
话题：故宫珍贵钟表首次赴英展出 词数：234 考查要点：定语从句，冠词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词等
Is that Big Ben At the Science Museum’s amazing exhibition, a tall mechanical clock 21 a spire (尖顶) and a four-faced base catches the eye. This is a “zimingzhong,” or “self-striking bell,” a type of clock collected by Chinese emperors. Twenty-three such clocks, borrowed from Beijing’s Palace Museum 22 shown in Britain for the first time, are now on display in South Kensington.
In the 18th century, British merchants eager for Chinese silk and tea decided to promote their country’s clockmakers. Skilled clockmakers like James Cox 23 (know) how to make luxury clocks with complex parts that could ring and move. Some could even play music, 24 (earn) them the old British name “sing-songs”. Chinese emperors loved these “foreign 25 (curiosity)” and asked for them as gifts.
To say zimingzhong are complicated is to understate their 26 (grand). Decorated with gold, glass, and materials like kingfisher feathers, they shine with richness. To modern viewers, they look fancy and almost over-the-top, like glittering jewels.
These clocks were meant to surprise: one has lotus petals (花瓣) that can open 27 (show) tiny figures inside. 28 (sad), because they are so old and delicate, the zimingzhong at the Science Museum must remain silent and still. However, a recorded sound of ticks and bells creates 29 magical atmosphere. Though they may not fit modern tastes, they are wonderful, just 30 the Qianlong Emperor said: “heavenly made”.
Passage 4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025届江苏省苏州市高三下学期三模）
话题：稀有植物以建立“国家收藏” 词数：245 考查要点：定语从句，介词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，冠词等
People in the UK are being urged to keep rare plants in their living rooms or gardens to help create a “national collection”, which can save pollinator-friendly (利于传粉者的) plants from 1 (extinct).
A national plant collection can include a number of well-tended plants, many of 2 are suitable for domestic gardens. Though some collections 3 (house) at locations such as Kew Gardens, many are kept in the back gardens of amateur enthusiasts.
Plant Heritage, a charity that works to create and develop the collections, 4 (run) a “missing genera” campaign since 2016, where it lists plants that are not a collection and are 95 risk of dying out. This year the plants are all pollinator-friendly.
Since the campaign began, 12 national collections have been set up. There are 700 collections in total, 6 (find) all over the UK, Ireland and the Channel Islands. These “living libraries” contain 7 estimated 95,000 garden plants.
According to a business manager at Plant Heritage, people don’t 8 (necessary) need lots of space in order to help. All that is needed is a passion for plants and eagerness 9 (learn) about the plant group in the chosen collection. Though the plants are mostly not native, it is still important to protect them, particularly because, as the climate changes, a diversity of plants is needed for pollinators 10 to store carbon. Some plants may even help for medical purposes and people never know quite what they might be good for.
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()03 语法填空综合训练
语法填空（一）
（考试时间：40分钟 试卷满分：40分）
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三下学期联考（八））
话题：人物故事 词数：181 考查要点：定语从句，并列连词，介词，动词的时态和语态，词形转换，非谓语动词等
The other day, on my way home, I found an old man and his wife sitting by a footpath 1 (look) exhausted. I stopped to ask what was the matter. On asking I learnt that he had just been discharged from hospital and was going home. They had to walk several 2 (block) to reach the nearest bus stop and the hot and humid weather was obviously more than they could bear. I made up my mind 3 (help) them. I put them in a taxi and 4 (pay) the fare to their house. As they got into the taxi, I saw the look of 5 (relieve) and gratitude on 6 (they) face. It was worth a million dollars! I felt very blessed and felt sorry for those 7 saw their condition 8 did not reach out to help. For me, to ignore people 9 need is very hard, 10 (especial) when I am in a position to help. After all, an act of goodness is of itself an act of happiness. Besides, it makes a great difference to the world.
【答案】
1．looking 2．blocks 3．to help 4．paid 5．relief 6．their 7．who 8．but 9．in 10．especially
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在路上帮助一对疲惫的老夫妇打车回家的经历及感悟。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：前几天，在回家的路上，我发现一位老人和他的妻子坐在人行道旁，看上去筋疲力尽。本句谓语为found，look在句中应用非谓语动词形式，look“看起来”与逻辑主语an old man and his wife构成主动关系，故用现在分词，作状语。故填looking。
2．考查名词的数。句意：他们得走好几个街区才能到达最近的公共汽车站，而炎热潮湿的天气显然是他们无法忍受的。block“街区”为可数名词，由several修饰，应用复数形式。故填blocks。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定帮助他们。表示“决定做某事”为固定短语make up one’s mind to do sth.，本空用help“帮助”的不定式 。故填to help。
4．考查时态。句意：我帮他们叫了辆出租车，并付了到他们家的车费。根据put可知，本句描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，本空用过去式paid“支付”，与put并列，作谓语。故填paid。
5．考查名词。句意：当他们上了出租车，我看到他们脸上如释重负和感激的表情。此处作介词of的宾语，应用名词relief“宽慰，轻松”，与名词gratitude并列。故填relief。
6．考查代词。句意：当他们上了出租车，我看到他们脸上如释重负和感激的表情。修饰后文名词face，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
7．考查定语从句。句意：我感到非常幸福，也为那些看到他们的处境却没有伸出援手的人感到难过。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，只能用who引导。故填who。
8．考查连词。句意：我感到非常幸福，也为那些看到他们的处境却没有伸出援手的人感到难过。“看到他们的处境”与“没有伸出援手”为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
9．考查介词。句意：对我来说，忽视需要帮助的人是很难的，尤其是当我有能力帮助他们的时候。表示“需要”用介词短语in need，作后置定语。故填in。
10．考查副词。句意：对我来说，忽视需要帮助的人是很难的，尤其是当我有能力帮助他们的时候。修饰后文整个句子，应用副词especially“尤其”，作状语。故填especially。
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·广西巴马县高级中学等校高三下学期5月联考）
话题：中国传统美食烧饼 词数：236 考查要点：定语从句，并列连词，介词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词等
Shaobing (a type of traditional flatbread), particularly 11 (love) by people in the north of China, 12 (recognize) as one of the world’s 50 best breads last year. This recognition not only highlights the unique flavor and texture of shaobing but also shows the diversity and richness of Chinese cuisine to the world.
This traditional flatbread has a rich history 13 more than two thousand years and it also has 14 unique taste that makes people mouth-watering, making it a favorite among both locals and tourists. 15 (general) speaking, the basic ingredients of shaobing include flour, water and salt. Traditionally, the dough (面团) is folded and layered with oil to create a flaky (酥脆的) texture. Shaobing baker masters can slap (拍打) the dough so incredibly thin that the finished product has 18 or more layers. In some areas, spices and seasonings are added to the dough 16 (enhance) the flavor. According to a bread historian, William Rubel, 17 is the author of Bread: A Global History, argues that creating a strict 18 (define) of bread is unnecessary. “Bread is basically what your culture says it is.” This viewpoint demonstrates that bread can take many forms and flavors, 19 (reflect) the cultural diversity of our planet.
Whether eaten as a casual street food or during special celebrations, shaobing never fails to delight the senses 20 bring people together to appreciate good food and tradition.
【答案】
11．loved 12．was recognized 13．of 14．a 15．Generally 16．to enhance 17．who 18．definition 19．reflecting 20．and
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统美食烧饼。去年，深受中国北方人喜爱的烧饼被评为世界50种最佳面包之一，它有着两千多年的悠久历史，独特的口味，制作工艺讲究，还反映了文化多样性，无论是日常小吃还是特殊庆祝场合，都能给人带来愉悦并凝聚人心。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：烧饼（一种传统的面饼），尤其深受中国北方人的喜爱，去年被评为世界50种最佳面包之一。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语“was recognized”，“love”需用非谓语形式。“Shaobing”与“love”之间是被动关系，即“烧饼被喜爱”，所以用过去分词loved作后置定语，修饰“Shaobing”。故填loved。
12．考查动词语态和时态。句意：烧饼（一种传统的面饼），尤其深受中国北方人的喜爱，去年被评为世界50种最佳面包之一。根据时间状语“last year”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。“Shaobing”与“recognize”之间是被动关系，即“烧饼被认可、被评为”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语“Shaobing”是单数，所以用was recognized。故填was recognized。
13．考查介词。句意：这种传统的面饼有着两千多年的悠久历史，它还有一种独特的味道，让人垂涎欲滴，这使得它成为当地人和游客的最爱。“a history of +时间段”为固定搭配，意为“……的历史”，所以此处填of。故填of。
14．考查冠词。句意：这种传统的面饼有着两千多年的悠久历史，它还有一种独特的味道，让人垂涎欲滴，这使得它成为当地人和游客的最爱。“taste”在此处意为“味道”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一种独特的味道”，且“unique”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
15．考查副词。句意：一般来说，烧饼的基本原料包括面粉、水和盐。“generally speaking”为固定短语，意为“一般来说”，所以用副词Generally，句首单词首字母大写。故填Generally。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一些地区，会在面团中加入香料和调味料来提升味道。此处表示目的，“在面团中加入香料和调味料”的目的是“提升味道”，所以用动词不定式to enhance作目的状语。故填to enhance。
17．考查定语从句。句意：面包历史学家威廉·鲁贝尔是《面包：一部全球史》的作者，他认为给面包下一个严格的定义是没有必要的。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“William Rubel”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该定语从句。故填who。
18．考查名词。句意：面包历史学家威廉·鲁贝尔是《面包：一部全球史》的作者，他认为给面包下一个严格的定义是没有必要的。根据空前的形容词“strict”可知，此处应用名词形式，“define”的名词形式为“definition”，意为“定义”，由“a”可知用单数。故填definition。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种观点表明面包可以有多种形式和口味，反映了我们星球的文化多样性。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语“demonstrates”，“reflect”需用非谓语形式。“reflect”与前面整个句子之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词reflecting作结果状语。故填reflecting。
20．考查连词。句意：无论是作为一种随意的街头小吃食用，还是在特殊的庆祝活动中享用，烧饼总能愉悦人们的感官，并让人们聚在一起欣赏美食和传统。“delight the senses”与“bring people together”是并列关系，都描述了烧饼给人们带来的影响，所以用连词and连接。故填and。
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·福建省仙游华侨中学高三质量检测）
话题：城市绿地 词数：186 考查要点：定语从句，冠词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，并列连词等
In recent years, cities around the world 21 (recognize) the importance of green spaces. Urban greening is no longer just a trend — it’s 22 essential part of sustainable city planning. One of the primary benefits is their ability 23 (reduce) air pollution. A study 24 (publish) last year found that cities with more trees had significantly lower levels of particulate matter, 25 (make) them healthier.
Green areas not only saves energy 26 also mitigates the “urban heat island” effect, where cities are much warmer than surrounding rural areas. In densely populated cities, parks and community gardens serve as oases 27 people can escape the hustle and bustle of daily life. They also encourage physical activity by 28 (offer) opportunities for exercise.
Many cities have launched initiatives to plant more trees. Some even allow citizens 29 (participate) in tree-planting events or adopt their own “green corners.” As we continue to urbanize, investing in green infrastructure is not a luxury but a necessity. By integrating nature into our cities, we can build places 30 are not only functional and sustainable but also beautiful and full of life.
【答案】
21．have recognized 22．an 23．to reduce 24．published 25．making 26．but 27．where 28． offering 29．to participate 30．that/which
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了城市绿地在全球城市发展中的重要性。近年来，城市逐渐意识到绿地的价值，它不仅能减少空气污染、缓解 “城市热岛” 效应，还为居民提供了休闲和锻炼的空间。许多城市已采取行动增加绿地，在城市化进程中，投资绿色基础设施十分必要。
21．考查动词时态。句意：近年来，世界各地的城市已经认识到绿地的重要性。根据时间状语In recent years可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语cities是复数，所以用have recognized。故填have recognized。
22．考查冠词。句意：城市绿化不再只是一种趋势，它是可持续城市规划的重要组成部分。part为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个重要部分”，且essential是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：其主要好处之一是它们有减少空气污染的能力。the ability to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的能力”，所以此处用动词不定式to reduce作后置定语，修饰ability。故填to reduce。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年发表的一项研究发现，树木较多的城市，其颗粒物水平显著较低，这使它们更健康。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰study，publish与study之间是逻辑被动关系，所以用过去分词published。故填published。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年发表的一项研究发现，树木较多的城市，其颗粒物水平显著较低，这使它们更健康。分析句子结构可知，make与前面整个句子之间是主动关系，该空后内容是前句造成的自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词making作结果状语。故填making。
26．考查连词。句意：绿地不仅能节约能源，还能缓解“城市热岛”效应，在这种效应下，城市比周围的农村地区要暖和得多。not only... but also...为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，所以此处填but。故填but。
27．考查定语从句。句意：在人口密集的城市里，公园和社区花园就像绿洲，人们可以在这里逃离日常生活的喧嚣。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为oases，指地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们还通过提供锻炼机会来鼓励人们进行体育活动。此处表示“通过……方式”，用介词by，by是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以用by offering。故填by offering。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些城市甚至允许市民参加植树活动或打造自己的“绿色角落”。allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to participate。故填to participate。
30．考查定语从句。句意：通过将自然融入我们的城市，我们可以建设既实用又可持续，而且美丽且充满生机的地方。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为places，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
Passage 4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·安徽省淮北市第十二中学高三下学期第一次质量检测）
话题：智能技术和智能城市建设 词数：218 考查要点：定语从句，动词的时态和语态，介词，词形转换，非谓语动词，名词复数等
To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from 31 he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. However, the 32 (great) issue he encountered was the widespread inconsistency in the use of drug names. Realising the importance of field research outweighed that of extensive reading, Li travelled far and wide into the mountains and wilderness in1565. He covered what are today’s 33 (province) of Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu, and many other places.
After over a decade of field research, Li 34 (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. He revised 35 work at least three times right up until his death in 1593.
Since its first publication in 1596, the book 36 (receive) world-wide recognition. British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book 37 an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia.” In 2011, the book 38 (list) on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. In 2017, an international conference was held in Beijing 39 (celebrate) Li’s 500th birthday.
Today, there are a 40 (grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic.
【答案】
31．which 32．greatest 33．provinces 34．successfully 35．the 36．has received 37．as 38．was listed 39．to celebrate 40．growing
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了李时珍和他的医学著作《本草纲目》，包括其创作过程、影响以及国际认可等方面。
31．考查定语从句。句意：他甚至研究了许多古代诗人的全集，从中选取了大量关于医学的诗句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the complete works of many ancient poets，指物，关系词在定语从句中作介词from的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
32．考查形容词最高级。句意：然而，他遇到的最大问题是药物名称使用的广泛不一致。根据定冠词the和句意可知，此处使用形容词最高级greatest，表示“最大的”。故填greatest。
33．考查名词复数。句意：他走遍了今天的湖南、江西、安徽和江苏等省，以及许多其他地方。province为可数名词，根据“Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu”可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填provinces。
34．考查副词。句意：经过十多年的实地研究，李时珍于1578年成功完成了他的杰作《本草纲目》的第一稿。修饰动词completed，需用副词successfully作状语。故填successfully。
35．考查冠词。句意：他至少修改了三次，直到1593年去世。此处特指《本草纲目》这部作品，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
36．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自1596年首次出版以来，这本书就得到了全世界的认可。根据时间状语Since its first publication in 1596可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has received。
37．考查介词。句意：英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文称这本书为“中国古代百科全书”。acknowledge sth. as...为固定短语，意为“承认某物为……”。故填as。
38．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2011年，该书被列入联合国教科文组织世界记忆名录。根据时间状语In 2011可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语the book和list为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was listed。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，北京举行了一次国际会议，庆祝李时珍诞辰500周年。句子已有谓语动词was held，空处需填非谓语动词作目的状语，需用动词不定式形式。故填to celebrate。
40．考查形容词。句意：如今，围绕李时珍和他的著作的国际交流越来越多，世界各地的许多人仍然可以在这部古代经典中找到人类发展的智慧。修饰名词number，需用形容词growing作定语，表示“越来越多的”。故填growing。
语法填空（二）
（考试时间：40分钟 试卷满分：40分）
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·重庆市第八中学校高三下学期5月全真模拟）
话题：南京瞻园 词数：233 考查要点：定语从句，代词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，冠词等
Nanjing’s 600-year-old Zhanyuan Garden, one of China’s Four Great Gardens of Jiangnan, 1 (perfect) shows the traditional idea of harmony between humans and nature. Found near the Confucius Temple along the Qinhuai River, this ancient Ming Dynasty garden uses three key elements in 2 (it) design: special rocks, water pools, and man-made hills. Its rock arrangements follow 3 “hills as main focus, water as support” rule of classical Chinese gardening.
The garden’s most famous attraction is the Fan Pavilion (亭子), known as one of the world’s 4 (early) temperature-controlled buildings. Historical records describe how servants 5 (burn) charcoal (木炭) underground in winter. Heat traveled through pipes 6 (warm) the pavilion so effectively that, as described in the Qing Dynasty novel The Unofficial History of the Scholars, rich people inside could even take off heavy coats while enjoying snowy views outside.
Spring nights offer the best visiting experience. Small 7 (guide) groups walk through the peaceful garden under soft lighting. The magical moment comes at the Moon-Chasing Pavilion’s lakeside platform, 8 visitors often see two moons at once — the real one in the sky and its perfect reflection in the water. This beautiful scene, best shared with a friend, helps explain why Chinese poets and artists 9 (love) this garden for centuries. Its quiet beauty continues to teach modern visitors about ancient 10 (wise) in balancing human creations with natural beauty.
【答案】
1．perfectly 2．its 3．the 4．earliest 5．burned/burnt 6．to warm 7．guided 8．where 9．have loved/have been loving 60．wisdom
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南京瞻园这座具有六百年历史的江南名园，从设计理念、建筑特色到文化内涵，展现了中国古代园林艺术与自然和谐共生的智慧。
1．考查副词。句意：南京拥有600年历史的瞻园是中国江南四大名园之一，它完美地展现了人与自然和谐相处的传统理念。空处修饰动词shows，应用副词形式perfectly作状语，表示“完美地”。故填perfectly。
2．考查代词。句意：这座古老的明代花园位于秦淮河畔孔庙附近，其设计中使用了三个关键元素：奇石、水池和人造山丘。空后design为名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词its修饰，表示“它的”，作定语。故填its。
3．考查冠词。句意：其岩石布置遵循中国古典园林“以山为主，以水为辅”'的规则。“hills as main focus, water as support”为特指的规则，应用定冠词the。故填the。
4．考查形容词最高级。句意：这座花园最著名的景点是扇亭，被誉为世界上最早的温控建筑之一。空前为one of，空后为名词，所以空处应用形容词最高级形式earliest，表示“最早的”，构成“one of the + 形容词最高级+名词复数”结构。故填earliest。
5．考查动词时态。句意：历史记录描述了仆人们如何在冬天在地下燃烧木炭。空处为从句的谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，burn的过去式为burned或burnt。故填burned/burnt。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：热量通过管道传递，有效地温暖了亭子，正如清代小说《儒林外史》中所描述的那样，在里面享受雪景的富人甚至可以脱下厚外套。本句已有谓语动词traveled，所以warm应用非谓语动词形式，此处表目的，应用不定式to warm作目的状语。故填to warm。
7．考查形容词。句意：在柔和的灯光下，小型导游团穿过宁静的花园。空处修饰空后名词groups，应用形容词形式guided“有导游的”，作定语。故填guided。
8．考查定语从句。句意：神奇的时刻出现在追月亭的湖边平台上，游客们经常能同时看到两个月亮——天上真实的月亮和水中完美的倒影。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Moon-Chasing Pavilion’s lakeside platform，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
9．考查动词时态。句意：这一美景，最好与朋友分享，解释了为何中国诗人和艺术家几个世纪以来一直热爱这座花园。根据时间状语for centuries可知，此处表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，可用现在完成进行时have/has been doing；或表示动作发生在过去但持续到现在，并对现在造成了影响，用现在完成时have/has done，主语Chinese poets and artists为复数，助动词应用have。故填have loved/have been loving。
10．考查名词。句意：它宁静的美丽继续向现代游客传授着在人类创造与自然美景之间取得平衡的古老智慧。空前为形容词ancient，所以空处应用名词wisdom作宾语，表示“智慧”，为不可数名词。故填wisdom。
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·江西省新余市实验中学高三下学期押题模拟卷（四））
话题：景颇族一年中最大的节日目瑙纵歌 词数：235 考查要点：连词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，冠词等
Munro Zongge is the biggest festival of the year of Jingpo people. Munao Zonge means dancing together in the Jinpo language and 11 (celebrate) around the Lantern Festival, lasting for three to seven days. It was listed as 12 national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage in 2006.
In ancient times, it was said that only the children of the Sun could dance in the 13 (tradition) Munao Carnival. According to the legend, the king of the Sun once 14 (invite) all of the Earth’s creatures to the festival in the Sun Palace. All the birds flew to join the festival, and on 15 way home they came across a forest, where they found all kinds of beautiful fruit on the trees.
To share the fresh fruit among each other, the 16 (bird) held the First Birds’ Munao Carnival. Two humans joined the festival and they were absorbed in 17 (happy). According to the legend, that was how the Munao Carnival started.
It is said that after the humans learned the Munao Zongge dance, they became 18 (health) and luckier. To this day, whenever the Jingpo people need 19 (remove) bad spirits or pray for a better harvest, they perform the Munao Zongge dance.
Munao Zongge used to be celebrated only by Jingpo people 20 recent years have brought different people from all over the world to join in on this grand festival and dance together.
【答案】
11．is celebrated 12．a 13．traditional 14．invited 15．their 16．birds 17．happiness 18．healthier 19．to remove 20．but
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了我国景颇族一年中最大的节日目瑙纵歌及其起源和发展。
11．考查时态和语态。句意：目瑙纵歌在景颇语中意为一起跳舞，在元宵节前后庆祝，持续三到七天。空处与“means”并列作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且Munao Zonge与celebrate之间为被动关系，即目瑙纵歌被庆祝，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词应用is。故填is celebrated。
12．考查冠词。句意：2006年，它被列为国家非物质文化遗产。heritage为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一项国家非物质文化遗产”，且national发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
13．考查形容词。句意：在古代，据说只有太阳的孩子才能在传统的目瑙纵歌节上跳舞。空处修饰名词Munao Carnival，应用形容词traditional作定语，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。
14．考查时态。句意：根据传说，太阳王曾经邀请地球上所有的生物到太阳宫参加节日。空处作从句的谓语，句子陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词invite应用过去式invited。故填invited。
15．考查代词。句意：所有的鸟都飞来参加节日，在回家的路上，它们遇到了一片森林，在树上发现了各种美丽的水果。根据句意可知，此处表示“在它们回家的路上”，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
16．考查名词复数。句意：为了互相分享新鲜的水果，鸟儿们举行了第一次鸟类目瑙纵歌节。根据上文“All the birds flew to join the festival”可知，此处指多只鸟儿，应用名词复数 birds。故填birds。
17．考查名词。句意：两个人类加入了节日，他们沉浸在幸福之中。空处作介词in的宾语，应用名词happiness，表示“幸福”，be absorbed in sth. 意为“沉浸在……中”。故填happiness。
18．考查形容词比较级。句意：据说，人类学会了目瑙纵歌舞后，变得更健康、更幸运。根据空后“and luckier”可知，空处应用形容词比较级healthier，与luckier并列作表语，表示“更健康的”。故填healthier。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：直到今天，每当景颇族人需要驱除恶灵或祈求丰收时，他们就会表演目瑙纵歌舞。根据句意可知，此处表示“需要做某事”，应用need to do sth.结构，所以空处应用动词不定式to remove。故填to remove。
20．考查连词。句意：目瑙纵歌过去只由景颇族人庆祝，但近年来，来自世界各地的不同人们都加入了这个盛大的节日，一起跳舞。空前后两个分句之间为转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·广东省深圳市高级中学高中园高三5月高考适应性考试）
话题：故宫珍贵钟表首次赴英展出 词数：234 考查要点：定语从句，冠词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词等
Is that Big Ben At the Science Museum’s amazing exhibition, a tall mechanical clock 21 a spire (尖顶) and a four-faced base catches the eye. This is a “zimingzhong,” or “self-striking bell,” a type of clock collected by Chinese emperors. Twenty-three such clocks, borrowed from Beijing’s Palace Museum 22 shown in Britain for the first time, are now on display in South Kensington.
In the 18th century, British merchants eager for Chinese silk and tea decided to promote their country’s clockmakers. Skilled clockmakers like James Cox 23 (know) how to make luxury clocks with complex parts that could ring and move. Some could even play music, 24 (earn) them the old British name “sing-songs”. Chinese emperors loved these “foreign 25 (curiosity)” and asked for them as gifts.
To say zimingzhong are complicated is to understate their 26 (grand). Decorated with gold, glass, and materials like kingfisher feathers, they shine with richness. To modern viewers, they look fancy and almost over-the-top, like glittering jewels.
These clocks were meant to surprise: one has lotus petals (花瓣) that can open 27 (show) tiny figures inside. 28 (sad), because they are so old and delicate, the zimingzhong at the Science Museum must remain silent and still. However, a recorded sound of ticks and bells creates 29 magical atmosphere. Though they may not fit modern tastes, they are wonderful, just 30 the Qianlong Emperor said: “heavenly made”.
【答案】
21．with 22．and 23．knew 24．earning 25．curiosities 26．grandness 27．to show 28．Sadly 29．a 30．as
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述故宫珍贵钟表首次赴英展出。
21．考查介词。句意：在科学博物馆令人惊叹的展览中，一座带有尖顶和四面底座的高大机械钟吸引了人们的眼球。此处表示“带有”，使用介词with，故填with。
22．考查连词。句意：从北京故宫博物院借来的23个这样的时钟首次在英国展出，现在在南肯辛顿展出。borrowed from Beijing’s Palace Museum和shown in Britain for the first time是并列的短语，使用and连接，故填and。
23．考查一般过去时。句意：像James Cox这样熟练的钟表匠知道如何用复杂的部件制造出可以响铃和移动的豪华钟表。根据句意及从句中could可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填knew。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些甚至可以播放音乐，因此它们在英国被称为“sing-songs”。earn的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填earning。
25．考查名词复数。句意：中国皇帝喜欢这些“外国珍品”，并要求将它们作为礼物。curiosity在句中意为“珍品”，为可数名词，由these可知应用名词复数形式，故填curiosities。
26．考查名词。句意：说自鸣钟复杂是低估了它们的宏伟。空处作宾语，前面有形容词性物主代词修饰，应填名词形式，故填grandness。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些钟是为了给人惊喜：其中一个钟的莲花花瓣可以打开，露出里面的小数字。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to show。
28．考查副词。句意：遗憾的是，由于它们如此古老和脆弱，科学博物馆的自鸣钟必须保持沉默和静止。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，首字母应大写，故填Sadly。
29．考查冠词。句意：然而，一个记录的滴答声和钟声创造了一个神奇的氛围。此处泛指“一个神奇的氛围”，应用不定冠词，故填a。
30．考查定语从句。句意：虽然它们可能不符合现代人的口味，但它们是美妙的，正如乾隆皇帝所说：“天工”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面的主句内容，关系词在从句中作宾语，表示“正如”，使用关系代词as引导，故填as。
Passage 4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025届江苏省苏州市高三下学期三模）
话题：稀有植物以建立“国家收藏” 词数：245 考查要点：定语从句，介词，词形转换，动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，冠词等
People in the UK are being urged to keep rare plants in their living rooms or gardens to help create a “national collection”, which can save pollinator-friendly (利于传粉者的) plants from 1 (extinct).
A national plant collection can include a number of well-tended plants, many of 2 are suitable for domestic gardens. Though some collections 3 (house) at locations such as Kew Gardens, many are kept in the back gardens of amateur enthusiasts.
Plant Heritage, a charity that works to create and develop the collections, 4 (run) a “missing genera” campaign since 2016, where it lists plants that are not a collection and are 95 risk of dying out. This year the plants are all pollinator-friendly.
Since the campaign began, 12 national collections have been set up. There are 700 collections in total, 6 (find) all over the UK, Ireland and the Channel Islands. These “living libraries” contain 7 estimated 95,000 garden plants.
According to a business manager at Plant Heritage, people don’t 8 (necessary) need lots of space in order to help. All that is needed is a passion for plants and eagerness 9 (learn) about the plant group in the chosen collection. Though the plants are mostly not native, it is still important to protect them, particularly because, as the climate changes, a diversity of plants is needed for pollinators 10 to store carbon. Some plants may even help for medical purposes and people never know quite what they might be good for.
【答案】
1．extinction 2．which 3．are housed 4．has been running 95．at 6．found 7．an 8．necessarily 9．to learn 10．and
【解析】这是一篇说明文。英国呼吁民众在室内或花园种植稀有植物以建立“国家收藏”，相关慈善机构发起活动，这些植物有多样益处。
1．考查名词。句意：英国民众被呼吁将珍稀植物摆放在自家客厅或花园里，以共同打造一个“全国性的植物收藏”，从而保护那些对传粉昆虫有益的植物免于灭绝。空处应填名词作宾语，extinct的名词形式为extinction，且为不可数名词。故填extinction。
2．考查定语从句。句意：一个国家性的植物收藏品可以包含众多精心养护的植物，其中许多植物都非常适合用于家庭花园。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为plants，指物，且在从句中作介词of的宾语，构成“介词+关系代词”结构的非限制性定语从句，应用关系代词which。故填which。
3．考查时态语态。句意：虽然有些藏品存放在诸如邱园这样的地方，但大多数藏品则存放在业余爱好者们的后院里。空处是从句的谓语动词，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语collections与house“存放”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are housed。
4．考查时态。句意：“植物遗产”是一个致力于创建和开发植物收藏的慈善组织，自2016年以来，该组织一直在开展一项名为“缺失属”的活动，该活动列出了那些不属于现有收藏体系且面临灭绝风险的植物种类。根据时间状语since 2016可知，用现在完成时，“一直在开展活动”强调持续进行，用现在完成进行时，主语为a charity，助动词用has。故填has been running。
95．考查介词。句意：“植物遗产”是一个致力于创建和开发植物收藏的慈善组织，自2016年以来，该组织一直在开展一项名为“缺失属”的活动，该活动列出了那些不属于现有收藏体系且面临灭绝风险的植物种类。短语at risk of表示“处于……危险或风险之中”。故填at。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：总共有 700 件藏品，分布在英国、爱尔兰以及海峡群岛的各地。空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰collections，find与collections构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填found。
7．考查冠词。句意：这些“活体植物库”里大约有95000种园艺植物。estimated以元音音素开头，且此处表示“一个”估计的数量，为泛指，应用不定冠词an，an estimated表示“据估计”，修饰95,000 garden plants。故填an。
8．考查副词。句意：据“植物遗产”项目的业务经理称，人们不一定需要很大的空间才能提供帮助。修饰动词need用副词necessarily作状语。故填necessarily。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：所需要的就是对植物的热爱以及对所选植物群相关知识的渴望。eagerness to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的渴望”。故填to learn。
10．考查连词。句意：虽然这些植物大多并非本土物种，但保护它们仍十分重要，尤其是因为随着气候的变化，需要有多种多样的植物来为传粉昆虫提供食物，并起到储存碳的作用。连接for pollinators和to store carbon，表并列关系，用连词and连接，说明植物对传粉者和碳储存的作用。故填and。
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