第02讲 语法填空——无提示词的填空
目录
01 课标达标练（单句语法填空）
考向01 考查从句中的关系词
考向02 考查并列句及并列连词
考向03 考查特殊句式
考向04 考查冠词的用法
考向05 考查介词的意义及用法
考向06 考查没有提示词的代词用法
02 核心突破练
语法填空（语篇练）
03 真题溯源练
（单句语法填空）
考向01 考查从句中的关系词
1.（2025·湖北省八校联考高三三模）The scientists believe 45 caused whales to get so large was a change in the Earth’s climate only about 3 million years ago.
2.（2025·河南省开封市等2地高三模拟）The daily passenger volume, on the Central — Cheung Chau route can reach up to 70,000 people during events. The ferries 45 are operated by Sun Ferry Services Company Limited serve approximately 12 million passengers annually, reported the Nanfang Daily.
3.（2025·吉林省吉林市东北三省教育教学联合体高三联考模拟）Among the portraits are a few blank frames, 45 honor unknown heroes. A digital map highlights 1,190 historical sites with 3D battle recreations.
4.（2025·江苏省南京市高三考前综合训练）Prof. Colin Hill, a microbiologist at University College Cork in Ireland, told the BBC News website: “I like the idea of some of these Chinese medicine stories coming back into science. I love it 45 we revisit traditional medicines.”
5.（2025·吉林地区普通高中高三猜题信息卷）The Lantern Festival is more than just a celebration; it’s a shining symbol of China’s rich cultural heritage and the joy 45 comes with sharing quality time and great food with loved ones.
6.（2025·山东省押题卷二）With a history of thousands of years, Chinese cuisine is as diverse as the country itself, with a variety of regional styles 58 reflect the unique culinary traditions and ingredients (原料) of each area.
7.(2025·山东省青岛市平度市高三5月高考模拟检测（三）)There have been long-held arguments over 41 landscape painting in China was the first one to bring this art form to life, but many art critics do believe in The Nymph of the Luo River to be the first of its kind.
8.（2025·重庆市七校联盟高三下学期三诊）Supply stations are set up along the track, 38 teams can replace batteries for robots.
9.（2025·四川省绵阳中学高三适应性考试（一））According to researchers, the lion’s journey exemplifies the far-reaching influence of the Silk Road, 45 connected Eastern Eurasia with Venice and the broader Mediterranean world.
10.（2025·湘豫名校联考高三下学期第四次模拟）This shift has surprised many Chinese, 39 spent years struggling to pronounce English and navigating its complex grammar, often at their parents' insistence, in order to access better universiies and job opportunities. Now, the tables may be turned.
11.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）“By keeping traditions alive through real-life experiences, we help our culture prosper,” explained Ji, 45 work ensures this art form with over a thousand years of history and famous for its bright colors and detailed patterns continues to be passed down through generations.
12.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）There are more than 20 high-quality coffee farms in Pu’er, 41 integrate coffee culture and tourism, including five listed as provincial level coffee farms.
13.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模）Three years later, he moved to Peru, 40 he dedicated himself to religious and educational work.
14.（2025·安徽省安庆市高三最后一卷）During the festival, Rieu presented an outstanding jazz performance, 40 he especially included an adaptation of a Chinese folk song named “Yimeng Mountain.”
15.（2025·河北省沧州市名校联盟高三三模）The center also boasts its own “library cave”, a reference to Cave 17, 44 is famous for the 50,000 historical artifacts. These include manuscripts, documents, textiles and ritual ware, from the 4th to the l4th century, found inside it when it was reopened.
考向02 考查并列句及并列连词
1.（2025·河南省开封市等2地高三模拟）Different from traditional ships, the carbon fiber vessel produces lower noise during operation, further saves fuel, reduces maintenance costs, 42 delivers substantial environmental benefits through reduced emissions and a lower carbon footprint.
2.（2025·吉林省吉林市东北三省教育教学联合体高三联考模拟）Inside the museum, visitors can interact with digital characters of revolutionary heroes, listen to AI-narrated stories, 43 even step into virtual battlefields.
3.（2025·吉林地区普通高中高三猜题信息卷）The shift is breathing new life into the food industry 44 adding an exciting change to Lantern Festival celebrations.
4.(2025·山东省青岛市平度市高三5月高考模拟检测（三）)For thousands of years, landscape paintings, or Shan Shui Hua, have been a major part of Chinese art. Chinese artists don’t usually paint real places 36 imaginary, idealized landscapes.
5.（2025·四川省绵阳中学高三适应性考试（一））Researchers found that the lion shares several design features with “tomb guardian” figures, 38 zhenmushou (镇墓兽), typical of the Tang Dynasty.
6.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）Visitors explored the village, tasted ethnic dishes 38 tried weaving (编织) Zhuang brocade (织锦).
7.(2025·山东省日照市高三三模) “We must sow the seeds of science,” Zeng said, encouraging young researchers at the station to actively engage in science popularization so more people can understand the stories behind sand prevention and control efforts 45 embrace environmental protection concepts.
8.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）Ma Li, a visitor from Shanghai, immerses herself in the art of coffee fruit picking, gaining insights into the complete journey from cultivation 38 roasting to brewing.
9.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模）Leo XIV holds Peruvian nationality 42 is warmly remembered in Peru for his work with disadvantaged groups and for his efforts to build bridges across social divides, leaving a lasting impression.
考向03 考查特殊句式
1．（2025·四川省广安市友实学校高三月考）It was not until an hour later he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency device home.
2．I wonder what it is makes you so addicted to the mobile phone.
3．Even so, was not until the Republic of China era in the 1910s that there were some noticeable results in promoting a common unified language in China.
4．It is through our research into space we have confirmed that the Earth is round and it orbits the Sun.
5．It is what you think about not what you have or what you are doing makes you happy or unhappy.
6．It was not until the result of the exam was announced he realized he had organized time badly.
7．In front of our house (stand) a tall tree with a history of over 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now.
8．Present at the conference (be) experts from all over the world.
9．Present at the meeting (be) scientists from all over the world.
10．Not only we forget to turn off the light in the kitchen, but we also failed to lock the front door.
11．Never you be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.
12．（2025·福建师范大学附属中学高三月考）Hardly had he got to the middle of the street he saw a car suddenly appear on his right-hand side and come directly towards him.
13．Sitting in the front row (be) some college students who are invited to take part in a debate.
14．Little (do) I think that I would pursue fashion design as my job and qualify as a fashion designer eventually.
15．If (trap) in the elevator, please press the emergency button immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16．Film has a much shorter history, especially when (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
17．While on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when (suspect) of drug dealing.
18．There’s no snake known that will habitually attack human beings unless (threat) with its life.
19．There (be) a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.
20．There (be) neither gas nor electricity at home, we had to go to the nearest restaurant to have lunch.
考向04 考查冠词的用法
1.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三三模）These “living libraries” contain 42 estimated 95,000 garden plants.
2.（2025·湘豫名校联考高三下学期第四次模拟）With China's increasing global importance, more people than ever before want to learn Chinese language. For most people, however, one does not have to be 43 expert in the language to get to know the country and the people.
3.（2025·四川省绵阳中学高三适应性考试（一））The Venetian sculptor Bartholomew Ferrari restored the statue, adding modifications while maintaining most of 43 original structure.
4.（2025·河北省沧州市名校联盟高三三模）In honor of the cave, the center set up 45 unique space dedicated to more than 1, 200 publications on Dunhuang manuscripts.
5.（2025·安徽省安庆市高三最后一卷）“ 41 song deeply moved me — from the first listen, I felt an intimate emotional connection.” said he.
6.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模）He is the first American to assume the position of Pope, though he is also considered as 38 Latin American cardinal (红衣主教) due to the many years he spent practicing his duties in Peru.
7.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）Lou Yuqiang, 42 associate researcher at the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, says promoting coffee farms in Yunnan is a positive step toward development and will help extend the coffee chain.
考向05 考查介词的意义及用法
1.（2025·湖北省孝感市八校高三三模联考）To provide visitors 46 a happy experience, market regulators have carried out inspections on barbecue restaurants to ensure food safety.
2.（2025·河北省石家庄市普通高中毕业年级教学质量检测（三））Parker, a linguistics (语言学) student, studies Chinese dialects, while Hansen, fluent 58 multiple languages, has lived in Beijing for years.
3.（2025·吉林省吉林市东北三省教育教学联合体高三联考模拟） In the Heroes of Taihang section, AI brings 40 colored portraits of local heroes including Wang Jiuhuan, who fought disguised (伪装) as a man 44 life.
4.（2025·山东省押题卷二）One of the most well-known styles of Chinese cuisine is Cantonese cuisine, which originates in Guangdong province and is characterized by its emphasis 59 fresh, seasonal ingredients and delicate flavors.
5.(2025·山东省青岛市平度市高三5月高考模拟检测（三）)They are mounted (装裱) on silk 39 different formats such as handscrolls, album leaves and fan paintings.
6.（2025·重庆市七校联盟高三下学期三诊）Interestingly, the only robot 39 a humanoid face, called “Huanhuan,” fell during preparations but continued the race after being checked.
7.（2025·重庆市七校联盟高三下学期三诊）The winning robot, Tiangong Ultra, finished in 2 hours and 40 minutes — 41 long way to go before it can surpass the men’s winner who finished in 1 hour and 2 minutes.
8.（2025·湘豫名校联考高三下学期第四次模拟）Such exchanges and interactions have become increasingly widespread. Suddenly, the Chinese language is gaining popularity 38 people of various skin colors and hair colors.
9.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）Jingui Village is located in Huang township, Lianshan Zhuang and Yao autonomous county, Guangdong, China. 36 a lively spring morning, one bus after another loaded with tourists arrived. Ji Qiiyu, a young entrepreneur, greeted and guided visitors in his neat Zhuang ethnic costume.
10.(2025·山东省日照市高三三模)In 1983, recognizing 40 persistent threat, authorities established a research station in the county to fight desertification.
11.(2025·山东省日照市高三三模)In July 1997, 31-year-old Zeng left Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang, 41 the research station, becoming the first graduate student there. Over the years, Zeng guided the research station in establishing technical models for bettering the management and sustainable use of desert plants.
12.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）As the coffee harvesting season arrives, Pu’er city in Yunnan province, known as China’s coffee capital, is alive with the fragrance of fresh brews (冲泡). It has become a hot spot for enthusiasts and tourists alike.Situated among hills, Elephant Coffee Farm charms 36 not only its exceptional brews but also its picturesque surroundings.
13.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模） 41 his long stay in Latin America, he continued to return to the U. S. regularly, serving as a priest in his hometown.
14.（2025·安徽省安庆市高三最后一卷）Music is a universal language of all peoples that goes 39 borders and differences.
15.（2025·河北省沧州市名校联盟高三三模）The Dunbuang Book Center is such a place. Like other bookstores, it is filled 39 books and creative cultural items, but it is also undoubtedly of Dunhuang, with its unique design, titles and goods inspired by the grottos and the murals (壁画).
考向06 考查没有提示词的代词的用法
1.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）His innovations made 41 easier to learn to weave Zhuang brocade, allowing villagers, especially women, to work from home while earning income.
2． is generally assumed that jogging is beneficial to heart and lungs.
3．“Where there is a will, there is a way” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not understand it so well.
4．We don’t have enough books for ; some of you will have to share.
5．Unfortunately, of the two boys has passed the geography examination.
6．New laws are made as new situations develop such as created by advances in technology or changes in societal attitudes.
7．The impressionists had to paint quickly, consequently, their paintings were not so detailed as of earlier painters.
8．He is very clever and works harder than other worker in the company.
9．Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so it is only natural the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
10．To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or .
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. （2025·河北省部分校高三年级5月份联考猜题信息卷（二））
话题：中外文化——外国人感受中国传统文化 词数：192
As a Chinese-German student at Tsinghua University, I thought I had already had a 1 (well) grasp of both Chinese culture and modernization. Yet, my recent visit to Suzhou gave me a fresh perspective (视角) on 2 tradition and modernity coexist harmoniously in this city.
As one of the destinations of the “Go Jiangsu” program, we 3 (visit) the Yao Jianping Embroidery Art Gallery. Before this encounter, my 4 (interact) with Suzhou silk embroidery was limited 5 online images. So, at the art gallery, I was shocked by the fact that it is not made with machines.
Wandering along the Pingjiang Road at night was an even more striking experience. Bathed in the modern lighting and 6 (taste) the delicious local food along the ancient street, I tried my best 7 (picture) the lives of those who lived here thousands of years ago. 8 (it) unique charm kept reminding me that modernization didn’t have to mean abandoning tradition
This trip was much more than a simple travel experience. It was also 9 enriching experience for the soul. Through personal 10 (encounter), I gained a deeper appreciation for China’s culture and progress.
2. （2025届陕西省西安市西北工业大学附属中学高三下学期第14次模拟）
话题：环境保护 词数：217
In the south of China’s Gansu Province, there lies the Maqu Wetland. As the Yellow River, China’s second 1 (long) river, reaches Maqu, the water it carries accounts 2 just 20% of its total water volume. That number increases to 65% as it leaves Maqu.
The rich water nourishes (滋养) the vast grassland. This grassland 3 (locate) in the eastern end of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. With a total area of 3,750 square kilometers, it is a wonderland for cattle and sheep. The Oula sheep is unique toMaqu. More 4 50% of the grassland here is used 5 (grow) Chinese herbal medicines. By feeding on these herbs, the sheep develop a stronger 6 (resist) to diseases. Beyond eating and drinking, running becomes their 7 (day) fitness sport． But the Oula sheep are not alone．The Yaks (牦牛)of Maqu also love running across the wetland grassland. China is the home of yaks. About 90%of yaks in the world live on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and in the surrounding six 8 (province).
The Yellow River, 9 nourishes about 750,000 square kilometers of land, is called the “Mother River” by the Chinese people. The Maqu Wetland contributes nearly half of the water to the Yellow River. What it 10 (true) nourishes goes far beyond what we can see.
3. （2025届江苏省徐州市高三下学期考前打靶）
话题：中国文化 词数：247
Inspired by rich cultural heritage and natural beauty, cities across China are taking advantage of the growing interest in creative cultural products, giving 1 significant boost to local consumption.
A gift shop at the Liaoning Provincial Museum has drawn 2 (inspire) from several spring-themed historical artifacts to create over 10 products 3 combine natural beauty with artistic innovation.
Among the offerings is a tiny refrigerator magnet based on the renowned Tang Dynasty painting “Lady Guoguo’s Spring Outing”. The characters and horses in the painting have been redesigned 4 round, adorable cartoon figures, making the item very appealing.
Since launching its spring-themed products, the shop 5 (see) a nearly 60 percent increase in sales compared to the same period last year, with online orders 6 (boom).
These products not only capture the essence of our artifacts but also include 7 (season) elements and modern aesthetic preferences. Consumers highly appreciate this combination of culture and creativity.
In Nanjing, local businesses have also embraced the trend, 8 (dramatic) transforming its time-honored landmarks and picturesque landscapes into charming souvenirs. New creative products featuring the cherry blossoms of Jiming Temple 9 the scenic views of Confucius Temple have become a hit among tourists.
Cultural creativity has also breathed newlife into many scenic spots. A cafe located within a scenic area in Zhejiang Province has branched out into selling toys 10 (shape) like local specialties. Visitors can now enjoy a cup of coffee there and then take home a taste of local culture.
4. （2025届湖北省部分高中协作体高三下学期三模）
话题：感受中国文化 词数：241
Working and living abroad is an eye-opening experience. From 2019 to 2021, I pursued my career in Shanghai and gained new insights into China.
Firstly, the Chinese people work 1 (incredible) hard. This gives evidence to 2 the Chinese economy is growing so fast. Secondly, 3 (be) in China during the Spring Festival is an absolutely amazing event. No matter how far from home, most Chinese will make 4 home from work or study to spend China’s most important holiday with their family. 5 (million) of people crowd into trains and planes for family reunions. So you will witness the 6 (large) urban migration in the entire world. It is referred to as the Spring Rush, Chunyun in Chinese who attach great importance to the family. Last but not least, as an American who worked in China, I would encourage everybody to learn a foreign language. In this way, you’re going to have a challenge that will give you confidence 7 (deal) with many other things in this world. 8 Nelson Mandela said, when you speak to a man in a language that he 9 (understand), it goes to his head. But when you speak to a man in his mother tongue, it goes to his heart.
Working and living in China as an American opened the door to 10 (end) opportunities for me. It enabled me to learn the Chinese culture and have a better life I go for.
5. （2025·河南省九师联盟高三下学期模拟）
话题：南水北调 词数：218
The South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China has in the past decade channeled 76. 7 billion cubic meters of water from the Yangtze River basin to 1 country’s drought-prone northern regions, according to a water resources official.
Wang Daoxi, vice-minister of water resources, made the remark recently at a news conference 2 was organized by the State Council Information Office to mark the 10th anniversary (周年) of the great project’s operation.
“After sustainable expansion of areas 3 (cover) by the project, it now supplies water to 45 medium and large-sized cities, 4 (benefit) 185 million people,” Wang said. “The project’s 5 (construct) influence has increasingly extended beyond medium and large cities to rural areas, leading to a massive number of 6 (individual) enjoying its benefits year after another. ”
Wang also highlighted the significant role of the project 7 helping to improve the ecological environment of rivers and lakes in North China. “Thanks to the project, 8 (rough) 11. 8 billion cubic meters of water has been refilled into more than 50 rivers, ” he said.
The Yongding River, which dried up in 1996, for example, witnessed continuous water flow along its 865-kilometer course in August 2021. Over the last three years, the mother river of Beijing 9 (maintain) a year-round flow along its entire 10 (long).
1.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
2.（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ________ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.
3.（2019新课标II卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，_________she opened with her late husband Les.
5.（2019新课标III卷）They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
6.（2019浙江卷）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______ gives off light in the dark.
7.（2019北京卷）The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).
8.（2018新课标I卷）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ___________showed a mere five to 10 minute a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
9.（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ________gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
10.（2017新课标I卷）Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _________is not good for the health.
11.（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
12.（2016新课标I卷）But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____________I was the first Western TV reporter was permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
13.（2016新课标III卷）Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，___________lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.，influenced the development of chopsticks.
14.（2015新课标I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
15.（2014新课标I卷）Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.
16.（2022·全国高考乙卷）The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ______ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
17.（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）He hung on for a few minutes ______ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
18.（2021新课标I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
19.（2021新课标II卷）I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president.
20.（2021年浙江卷1月）In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ___ ___ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
21（2020年浙江卷1月）It's also that they are on average healthier___65___more productive for longer.
22.（2016新课标III卷）In much of Asia，especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，__________Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
23.（2014新课标II卷）There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __________some of them looked very anxious and disappointed .
24.【2022全国乙卷】To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
25.【2022年浙江 1月】Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.
26.【2021.6全国乙卷】Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
27.【2021.6 浙江卷】In 1844 they bought it for＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. ... 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
28.【2022年北京卷】 It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
29.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
30.【2019年北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
31.【2018年浙江卷11月】It is possible _____63_____ caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, too. 【答
32.【2024北京卷】One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books ”
33.【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layouts.
34.【2023年全国甲卷】 She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___48___ saving their environment.
35.【2022全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
36.【2022全国乙卷】The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____ _____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
37.【2022年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags.
38.【2021全国甲卷】It was built originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.
39.【2021.1 浙江卷】The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men.
40.【2021.6 浙江卷】） In 1844 they bought it 2 ＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser...
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()第02讲 语法填空——无提示词的填空
目录
01 课标达标练（单句语法填空）
考向01 考查从句中的关系词
考向02 考查并列句及并列连词
考向03 考查特殊句式
考向04 考查冠词的用法
考向05 考查介词的意义及用法
考向06 考查没有提示词的代词用法
02 核心突破练
语法填空（语篇练）
03 真题溯源练
（单句语法填空）
考向01 考查从句中的关系词
1.（2025·湖北省八校联考高三三模）The scientists believe 45 caused whales to get so large was a change in the Earth’s climate only about 3 million years ago.
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：科学家们认为，导致鲸鱼长得如此之大的原因是大约300万年前地球气候的变化。分析句子可知，believe后是省略that的宾语从句，空处引导主语从句，引导词在主语从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。
2.（2025·河南省开封市等2地高三模拟）The daily passenger volume, on the Central — Cheung Chau route can reach up to 70,000 people during events. The ferries 45 are operated by Sun Ferry Services Company Limited serve approximately 12 million passengers annually, reported the Nanfang Daily.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：据《南方日报》报道，由新渡轮服务有限公司运营的渡轮每年运送约1200万名乘客。此处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The ferries，先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物，要用关系代词that/which引导该从句。故填that/which。
3.（2025·吉林省吉林市东北三省教育教学联合体高三联考模拟）Among the portraits are a few blank frames, 45 honor unknown heroes. A digital map highlights 1,190 historical sites with 3D battle recreations.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这些画像中有几个空白的相框，以纪念无名英雄。“____ honor unknown heroes”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词blank frames，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
4.（2025·江苏省南京市高三考前综合训练）Prof. Colin Hill, a microbiologist at University College Cork in Ireland, told the BBC News website: “I like the idea of some of these Chinese medicine stories coming back into science. I love it 45 we revisit traditional medicines.”
【答案】when
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：当我们重新审视传统医学时，我很喜欢。用从属连词when引导时间状语从句，“I love it + when 从句”，为常见表达，强调对某一时刻或情境的喜爱。故填when。
5.（2025·吉林地区普通高中高三猜题信息卷）The Lantern Festival is more than just a celebration; it’s a shining symbol of China’s rich cultural heritage and the joy 45 comes with sharing quality time and great food with loved ones.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：元宵节不仅仅是一场庆祝活动；它是中国丰富文化遗产的光辉象征，也是与亲人共享美好时光和美食的喜悦的象征。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为joy，指物，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
6.（2025·山东省押题卷二）With a history of thousands of years, Chinese cuisine is as diverse as the country itself, with a variety of regional styles 58 reflect the unique culinary traditions and ingredients (原料) of each area.
【答案】that或which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国菜系种类繁多，有多种地域风格，反映了每个地区独特的烹饪传统和食材。这里考查定语从句，先行词styles指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
7.(2025·山东省青岛市平度市高三5月高考模拟检测（三）)There have been long-held arguments over 41 landscape painting in China was the first one to bring this art form to life, but many art critics do believe in The Nymph of the Luo River to be the first of its kind.
【答案】which
【解析】考查连词。句意：关于中国山水画哪个是第一个赋予这种艺术形式生命的争论一直存在，但许多艺术评论家确实相信《洛神赋图》是此类作品中的第一幅。此处引导宾语从句，表示“哪幅画”，应用which引导宾语从句，故填which。
8.（2025·重庆市七校联盟高三下学期三诊）Supply stations are set up along the track, 38 teams can replace batteries for robots.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：赛道沿途设有补给站，团队可在站点为机器人更换电池。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“supply stations”，在非限制性定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词“where”引导。故填where。
9.（2025·四川省绵阳中学高三适应性考试（一））According to researchers, the lion’s journey exemplifies the far-reaching influence of the Silk Road, 45 connected Eastern Eurasia with Venice and the broader Mediterranean world.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：研究人员表示，狮子的旅程体现了丝绸之路的深远影响，它将欧亚大陆东部与威尼斯及更广阔的地中海世界连接起来。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Silk Road，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10.（2025·湘豫名校联考高三下学期第四次模拟）This shift has surprised many Chinese, 39 spent years struggling to pronounce English and navigating its complex grammar, often at their parents' insistence, in order to access better universiies and job opportunities. Now, the tables may be turned.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这一变化让许多中国人感到惊讶，他们多年来在父母的坚持下努力练习英语发音、钻研复杂的英语语法，只为获得更好的大学升学机会和工作机会。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为many Chinese，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
11.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）“By keeping traditions alive through real-life experiences, we help our culture prosper,” explained Ji, 45 work ensures this art form with over a thousand years of history and famous for its bright colors and detailed patterns continues to be passed down through generations.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：“通过将传统通过现实生活中的经历得以延续，我们就能促进文化的繁荣发展。”季解释道, 他的工作确保了这种有着一千多年历史、以鲜艳色彩和精美图案著称的艺术形式能够代代相传。分析句子结构可知，后面的分句为之前“Ji”的非限制性定语从句，先行词与“work”之间构成所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
12.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）There are more than 20 high-quality coffee farms in Pu’er, 41 integrate coffee culture and tourism, including five listed as provincial level coffee farms.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：普洱有20多家优质咖啡农场，将咖啡文化和旅游业相结合，其中包括5家省级咖啡农场。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词coffee farms，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
13.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模）Three years later, he moved to Peru, 40 he dedicated himself to religious and educational work.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：三年后，他搬到秘鲁，在那里致力于宗教和教育事业。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Peru，且在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
14.（2025·安徽省安庆市高三最后一卷）During the festival, Rieu presented an outstanding jazz performance, 40 he especially included an adaptation of a Chinese folk song named “Yimeng Mountain.”
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在音乐节期间，里厄带来了一场精彩的爵士乐表演，其中特别包含了一首改编自中国民歌《沂蒙山》的曲子。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是performance，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导。故填where。
15.（2025·河北省沧州市名校联盟高三三模）The center also boasts its own “library cave”, a reference to Cave 17, 44 is famous for the 50,000 historical artifacts. These include manuscripts, documents, textiles and ritual ware, from the 4th to the l4th century, found inside it when it was reopened.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。该中心还拥有自己的“图书馆洞穴”，参考17号洞穴，该洞穴以5万件历史文物而闻名。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Cave 17，关系代词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
考向02 考查并列句及并列连词
1.（2025·河南省开封市等2地高三模拟）Different from traditional ships, the carbon fiber vessel produces lower noise during operation, further saves fuel, reduces maintenance costs, 42 delivers substantial environmental benefits through reduced emissions and a lower carbon footprint.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：与传统船舶不同，碳纤维渡轮在运行过程中产生的噪音更低，进一步节省燃料，降低维护成本，并通过减少排放和降低碳足迹带来显著的环境效益。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，句中的produces，saves，reduces以及delivers是并列的谓语动词，共同描述碳纤维船舶的优点，所以空处用并列连词and连接。故填and。
2.（2025·吉林省吉林市东北三省教育教学联合体高三联考模拟）Inside the museum, visitors can interact with digital characters of revolutionary heroes, listen to AI-narrated stories, 43 even step into virtual battlefields.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：在博物馆内，游客可以与革命英雄的数字角色互动，听人工智能讲述的故事，甚至踏入虚拟战场。“interact with digital characters of revolutionary heroes”、“listen to AI narrated stories”和“step into virtual battlefields”是并列关系，所以用连词and连接。故填and。
3.（2025·吉林地区普通高中高三猜题信息卷）The shift is breathing new life into the food industry 44 adding an exciting change to Lantern Festival celebrations.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：这一转变为食品行业注入了新的活力，并为元宵节庆祝活动增添了令人兴奋的变化。根据句意和句子结构可知，“breathing new life into the food industry”与“adding an exciting change to Lantern Festival celebrations”为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
4.(2025·山东省青岛市平度市高三5月高考模拟检测（三）)For thousands of years, landscape paintings, or Shan Shui Hua, have been a major part of Chinese art. Chinese artists don’t usually paint real places 36 imaginary, idealized landscapes.
【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：中国艺术家通常不画真实的地方，而是画想象中的理想化风景。根据句意可知，此处表示“不是……而是……”，应用not...but...，故填but。
5.（2025·四川省绵阳中学高三适应性考试（一））Researchers found that the lion shares several design features with “tomb guardian” figures, 38 zhenmushou (镇墓兽), typical of the Tang Dynasty.
【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意：句意：研究人员发现，这只狮子与唐代典型的“镇墓兽”形象，或镇墓兽，有几个设计特点相同。此处连接“tomb guardian”和“zhenmushou”，表示选择关系，用连词or表示“或者”符合逻辑。故填or。
6.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）Visitors explored the village, tasted ethnic dishes 38 tried weaving (编织) Zhuang brocade (织锦).
【答案】and
【解析】考查并列连词。句意：游客们游览了这个村庄，品尝了当地的特色美食，还尝试了编织壮族织锦。分析句意可知，此处需填并列连词“and”连接三个谓语动词“explored”、“tasted”和“tried”。故填and。
7.(2025·山东省日照市高三三模) “We must sow the seeds of science,” Zeng said, encouraging young researchers at the station to actively engage in science popularization so more people can understand the stories behind sand prevention and control efforts 45 embrace environmental protection concepts.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：“我们必须播下科学的种子，”曾说道，他鼓励站内的年轻研究人员积极参与科学普及工作，以便让更多人了解防沙治沙工作的背后故事，并接受环保理念。连接两个并列的动词“understand” 和“embrace”，表示顺承关系用连词and。故填and。
8.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）Ma Li, a visitor from Shanghai, immerses herself in the art of coffee fruit picking, gaining insights into the complete journey from cultivation 38 roasting to brewing.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：来自上海的游客马丽沉浸在采摘咖啡果的艺术中，对从种植到烘焙再到冲泡的整个过程有了深入的了解。分析句子结构可知，“from cultivation ___ roasting to brewing”表示“从种植、烘焙到冲泡”，三者为并列关系，应用连词and连接中间环节。故填and。
9.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模）Leo XIV holds Peruvian nationality 42 is warmly remembered in Peru for his work with disadvantaged groups and for his efforts to build bridges across social divides, leaving a lasting impression.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：利奥十四世拥有秘鲁国籍，并因致力于帮助弱势群体以及努力跨越社会鸿沟搭建桥梁而在秘鲁广受铭记，留下了持久的印象。“holds Peruvian nationality”与“is warmly remembered”为并列谓语，应用and连接。故填and。
考向03 考查特殊句式
1．（2025·四川省广安市友实学校高三月考）It was not until an hour later he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency device home.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：直到一个小时后，他才注意到卡洛琳把她的急救设备忘在家里了。句中构成“It is/was not until…that…”强调句型，意为是“直到……才……”。故填that。
2．I wonder what it is makes you so addicted to the mobile phone.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：我想知道是什么让你如此沉迷于手机。本句为强调句：it be +强调部分+that+其它。故填that。
3．Even so, was not until the Republic of China era in the 1910s that there were some noticeable results in promoting a common unified language in China.
【答案】it
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：即便如此，直到20世纪10年代的民国时期，在中国推动统一语言的工作才取得了一些明显的成果。此处为强调句型“It was+被强调部分+that...”结构，强调的是“not… until”句型中的时间状语，所以此处使用it。故填 it。
4．It is through our research into space we have confirmed that the Earth is round and it orbits the Sun.
【答案】that that
【解析】考查固定句型和宾语从句。句意：通过我们对太空的研究，我们证实了地球是圆的，它围绕着太阳转。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处为强调句型“it is+被强调部分+that+其他”，此处强调through our research，故填that。空2：此处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，且无意思，故填that。故答案为that，that。
5．It is what you think about not what you have or what you are doing makes you happy or unhappy.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：让你快乐或不快乐的，不是你拥有什么或你正在做什么，而是你的想法。这是强调句型it be+强调内容+that/who+句子剩余部分，强调内容为物，应用that，强调内容为人，应用that/who。此处what you think about not what you have or what you are doing是被强调部分，故填that。
6．It was not until the result of the exam was announced he realized he had organized time badly.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：直到宣布了考试结果，他才意识到自己没有把时间安排好。强调句的基本句型是：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分，此处对not until引导的时间状语从句进行强调。故填that。
7．In front of our house (stand) a tall tree with a history of over 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now.
【答案】stands
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在我们的房子前面有一棵大树，有一千多年的历史，现在受到政府的保护。该句为完全倒装句，主语是“a tall tree”，空处为谓语动词，该句表示客观事实，故用一般现在时；stand为动词，表示“站立、位于”，应用单数形式。故填stands。
8．Present at the conference (be) experts from all over the world.
【答案】were
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：出席会议的有来自世界各地的专家。该句为表语置于句首的完全倒装，主语是experts，空处为谓语动词，表示过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时，谓语为复数。故填were。
9．Present at the meeting (be) scientists from all over the world.
【答案】were
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：出席会议的有来自世界各地的科学家。句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，本句是倒装句，表语Present at the meeting提前，scientists是主语，be动词用were，故填were。
10．Not only we forget to turn off the light in the kitchen, but we also failed to lock the front door.
【答案】did
【解析】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：我们不仅忘记关厨房的灯，而且也没有锁好前门。not only位于句首，使用部分倒装，由failed可知此处为一般过去时，所以应填助动词did，故填did。
11．Never you be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.
【答案】will
【解析】考查倒装和时态。句意：如果你沉迷于网络游戏，你永远不会被理想的大学录取。否定词Never位于句首，句子使用部分倒装结构。 if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。故填will。
12．（2025·福建师范大学附属中学高三月考）Hardly had he got to the middle of the street he saw a car suddenly appear on his right-hand side and come directly towards him.
【答案】when
【解析】考查固定句式以及部分倒装结构。句意：他刚到街道中间，突然看到一辆车从他的右侧出现，直接朝他开来。由于hardly位于句首，句子采用了部分倒装结构，构成固定句型hardly...when...“一……就……”，用于描述两个几乎同时发生的动作或事件，其中 hardly 后的动作先发生，when 后的动作紧接着发生。故填when。
13．Sitting in the front row (be) some college students who are invited to take part in a debate.
【答案】are
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：坐在前排的是一些大学生，他们被邀请参加一场辩论。本句为完全倒装结构，主语为some college students，陈述事实用一般现在时，谓语用复数。故填are。
14．Little (do) I think that I would pursue fashion design as my job and qualify as a fashion designer eventually.
【答案】did
【解析】考查倒装句和时态。句意：我几乎没有想过我会把时装设计作为我的工作，并最终成为一名合格的时装设计师。否定副词little位于句首，使用部分倒装，将助动词置于主语之前，结合“would pursue”可知，使用一般过去时，助动词用did。故填did。
15．If (trap) in the elevator, please press the emergency button immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】trapped
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果被困在电梯里，请立即按下紧急按钮。在“if + 状语从句”结构中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语含有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词。本句中完整的从句应该是“If you are trapped in the elevator”，省略了“you are”。故填trapped。
16．Film has a much shorter history, especially when (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
【答案】compared
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：电影的历史要短得多，尤其是与音乐和绘画等艺术形式相比时。分析句子可知，句子的主语Film与所给动词compare 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，即“电影被和音乐、绘画等艺术形式作比较”。在 when 引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语含有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词，原句完整形式为“especially when it is compared to such art forms as music and painting”，这里省略了“it is”，所以设空处应填过去分词compared。故填compared。
17．While on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when (suspect) of drug dealing.
【答案】suspected
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在去布哈拉的路上，他在涉嫌毒品交易时尝到了警察的伎俩。when引导时间状语从句，从句主语也是he，和动词suspect之间是被动关系，故完整形式是when he is suspected of drug dealing，当状语从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略，故填suspected。
18．There’s no snake known that will habitually attack human beings unless (threat) with its life.
【答案】threatened
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：已知没有哪种蛇会习惯性地攻击人类，除非它的生命受到威胁。在状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词中含有be动词时，可以省略“从句主语+be”，该句为unless引导的条件状语从句，结合句意，该句的主语和that引导的定语从句的主语一致，均为that指代的先行词snake，与threat之间为被动关系，所以条件状语从句的谓语动词为被动语态，谓语动词“be threaten”中含有be动词，所以，此处省略了“主语+be”。故填threatened。
19．There (be) a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.
【答案】was
【解析】考查there be句型和时态。句意：曾经有一段时间，人们可能会对一个人要求坐一张桌子感到尴尬，但那个时代已经过去了。根据后文可知，此处描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，there be句型主语a time，为单数。故填was。
20．There (be) neither gas nor electricity at home, we had to go to the nearest restaurant to have lunch.
【答案】being
【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：家里既没有煤气也没有电，我们不得不去最近的餐馆吃午饭。这是There being用于独立主格结构作状语，相当于一个状语从句。故答案是being。
考向04 考查冠词的用法
1.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三三模）These “living libraries” contain 42 estimated 95,000 garden plants.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这些“活体植物库”里大约有95000种园艺植物。estimated以元音音素开头，且此处表示“一个”估计的数量，为泛指，应用不定冠词an，an estimated表示“据估计”，修饰95,000 garden plants。故填an。
2.（2025·湘豫名校联考高三下学期第四次模拟）With China's increasing global importance, more people than ever before want to learn Chinese language. For most people, however, one does not have to be 43 expert in the language to get to know the country and the people.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：然而，对于大多数人来说，要了解这个国家和人民，并不一定非得成为语言专家。这里表示“一位专家”，应用不定冠词表泛指，且expert以元音音素开头。故填an。
3.（2025·四川省绵阳中学高三适应性考试（一））The Venetian sculptor Bartholomew Ferrari restored the statue, adding modifications while maintaining most of 43 original structure.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：威尼斯雕塑家巴塞洛缪·法拉利修复了这座雕像，在保留大部分原始结构的同时进行了修改。结合句意，此处特指雕像的“原始结构”，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
4.（2025·河北省沧州市名校联盟高三三模）In honor of the cave, the center set up 45 unique space dedicated to more than 1, 200 publications on Dunhuang manuscripts.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。为了纪念这个洞穴，该中心设立了一个独特的空间，专门展示1200多份敦煌手稿出版物。此处表泛指，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
5.（2025·安徽省安庆市高三最后一卷）“ 41 song deeply moved me — from the first listen, I felt an intimate emotional connection.” said he.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：“这首歌深深打动了我——第一次听的时候，我就感受到了一种亲密的情感联系。”他说。此处特指上文提到的中国民歌《沂蒙山》，应用定冠词表特指，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填The。
6.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模）He is the first American to assume the position of Pope, though he is also considered as 38 Latin American cardinal (红衣主教) due to the many years he spent practicing his duties in Peru.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：他是第一位担任教皇职位的美国人，尽管由于他在秘鲁履行职责多年，他也被认为是一位拉丁美洲红衣主教。“cardinal”为单数可数名词，此处表泛指，且Latin发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）Lou Yuqiang, 42 associate researcher at the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, says promoting coffee farms in Yunnan is a positive step toward development and will help extend the coffee chain.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：云南省农业科学院副研究员楼玉强表示，推广云南的咖啡农场是朝着发展迈出的积极一步，将有助于延长咖啡产业链。“associate researcher”为单数可数名词，泛指“一位”，且associate发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
考向05 考查介词的意义及用法
1.（2025·湖北省孝感市八校高三三模联考）To provide visitors 46 a happy experience, market regulators have carried out inspections on barbecue restaurants to ensure food safety.
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意：为了让游客有一个愉快的体验，市场监管机构对烧烤店进行了检查，以确保食物安全。provide sb. with sth.是固定短语，意为“为某人提供某物”，因此空格处是介词with，故填with。
2.（2025·河北省石家庄市普通高中毕业年级教学质量检测（三））Parker, a linguistics (语言学) student, studies Chinese dialects, while Hansen, fluent 58 multiple languages, has lived in Beijing for years.
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意：帕克是一名语言学专业的学生，研究中国方言，而汉森精通多种语言，已经在北京生活多年。be fluent in是固定搭配，表示“在……方面流利；精通……”，这里说汉森精通多种语言。故填in。
3.（2025·吉林省吉林市东北三省教育教学联合体高三联考模拟） In the Heroes of Taihang section, AI brings 40 colored portraits of local heroes including Wang Jiuhuan, who fought disguised (伪装) as a man 44 life.
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：在太行英雄展区，人工智能赋予了包括王九焕在内的40幅当地英雄彩色画像以生命，王九焕曾女扮男装参战。“bring...to life”是固定短语，意为“使……栩栩如生；赋予……生命”。故填to。
4.（2025·山东省押题卷二）One of the most well-known styles of Chinese cuisine is Cantonese cuisine, which originates in Guangdong province and is characterized by its emphasis 59 fresh, seasonal ingredients and delicate flavors.
【答案】on
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：粤菜是中国最著名的菜系之一，起源于广东省，其特点是注重新鲜的时令食材和精致的风味。这里考查emphasis on，为固定短语，意为“对……的强调”。故填on。
5.(2025·山东省青岛市平度市高三5月高考模拟检测（三）)They are mounted (装裱) on silk 39 different formats such as handscrolls, album leaves and fan paintings.
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意：它们被装裱在丝绸上，以不同的形式呈现，如手卷、册页和扇面画。表示“以……形式”用介词in，故填in。
6.（2025·重庆市七校联盟高三下学期三诊）Interestingly, the only robot 39 a humanoid face, called “Huanhuan,” fell during preparations but continued the race after being checked.
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意：有趣的是，唯一拥有人形面孔的机器人“欢欢”在准备阶段摔倒，但经检查后继续参赛。空处为介词形式，意为“拥有”，用介词“with”。故填with。
7.（2025·重庆市七校联盟高三下学期三诊）The winning robot, Tiangong Ultra, finished in 2 hours and 40 minutes — 41 long way to go before it can surpass the men’s winner who finished in 1 hour and 2 minutes.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：获胜的机器人“天工”以2小时40分钟的成绩完成了比赛——要想超越以1小时2分钟成绩夺冠的人类选手，它还有很长的路要走。空处为修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。
8.（2025·湘豫名校联考高三下学期第四次模拟）Such exchanges and interactions have become increasingly widespread. Suddenly, the Chinese language is gaining popularity 38 people of various skin colors and hair colors.
【答案】with或among
【解析】考查介词。句意：突然之间，汉语在不同肤色和发色的人群中越来越受欢迎。gain popularity with/among...受到......欢迎。故填with或among。
9.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）Jingui Village is located in Huang township, Lianshan Zhuang and Yao autonomous county, Guangdong, China. 36 a lively spring morning, one bus after another loaded with tourists arrived. Ji Qiiyu, a young entrepreneur, greeted and guided visitors in his neat Zhuang ethnic costume.
【答案】On
【解析】考查介词。句意：在一个生机勃勃的春日清晨，一辆接一辆满载游客的大巴车抵达了。“___1___ a lively spring morning”为句子的时间状语，且这里表示在某个具体的早晨，用介词“on”，且此空位于句首，首字母需大写。故填On。
10.(2025·山东省日照市高三三模)In 1983, recognizing 40 persistent threat, authorities established a research station in the county to fight desertification.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：1983 年，鉴于这种威胁持续存在，当局在该县设立了一个研究站，以对抗沙漠化现象。特指“持续的威胁”，用定冠词the。故填the。
11.(2025·山东省日照市高三三模)In July 1997, 31-year-old Zeng left Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang, 41 the research station, becoming the first graduate student there. Over the years, Zeng guided the research station in establishing technical models for bettering the management and sustainable use of desert plants.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。句意：1997年7月，31岁的曾离开新疆省会乌鲁木齐，前往该研究站，成为那里的第一位研究生。leave...for...表示“离开……；前往……”。故填for。
12.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三5月调研）As the coffee harvesting season arrives, Pu’er city in Yunnan province, known as China’s coffee capital, is alive with the fragrance of fresh brews (冲泡). It has become a hot spot for enthusiasts and tourists alike.Situated among hills, Elephant Coffee Farm charms 36 not only its exceptional brews but also its picturesque surroundings.
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意：大象咖啡农场位于群山之中，不仅因其独特的咖啡冲泡而迷人，还因其风景如画的环境而迷人。空处与charm构成固定搭配charm sb with sth，表示“以……吸引某人”，应用介词with。故填with。
13.（2025·江苏省苏州中学三模） 41 his long stay in Latin America, he continued to return to the U. S. regularly, serving as a priest in his hometown.
【答案】During
【解析】考查介词。句意：在拉丁美洲长期居住期间，他继续定期返回美国，在家乡担任牧师。空处表示“在……期间”，应用介词during，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填During。
14.（2025·安徽省安庆市高三最后一卷）Music is a universal language of all peoples that goes 39 borders and differences.
【答案】beyond
【解析】考查介词。句意：加拿大著名萨克斯管演奏家扬尼克·里厄在接受新华社采访时表示：“音乐是全人类通用的语言，超越了国界和差异。”根据“Music is a universal language of all peoples”和“differences”可知，此处表示音乐超越了国界和差异，go beyond意为“超越，跨越”，符合语境。故填beyond。
15.（2025·河北省沧州市名校联盟高三三模）The Dunbuang Book Center is such a place. Like other bookstores, it is filled 39 books and creative cultural items, but it is also undoubtedly of Dunhuang, with its unique design, titles and goods inspired by the grottos and the murals (壁画).
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。和其他书店一样，它也堆满了书籍和创意文化物品，但它无疑也是敦煌的，其独特的设计、标题和商品的灵感来自石窟和壁画。be filled with...的意思是“充满……”。故填with。
考向06 考查没有提示词的代词的用法
1.（2025·山东省泰安市高三三模）His innovations made 41 easier to learn to weave Zhuang brocade, allowing villagers, especially women, to work from home while earning income.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：他的创新举措使得学习编织壮族织锦变得更加容易，这使得村民们，尤其是妇女们，能够在家工作并获得收入。分析句子结构可知，所填空为动词“made”的宾语位置，其真正宾语“to learn…”置于句末，这里应是形式宾语，由“it”充当。故填it。
2． is generally assumed that jogging is beneficial to heart and lungs.
【答案】It
【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：人们普遍认为慢跑对心脏和肺有益。本空作主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句，应用代词it作形式主语，句首单词，首字母大写。故填It。
3．“Where there is a will, there is a way” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not understand it so well.
【答案】all
【解析】考查代词。考查动词。句意：“有志者事竟成”是一句几乎人人都知道的古老谚语，但并不是每个人都理解得那么透彻。根据句意可知，表示“并不是每个人”为not all。故填all。
4．We don’t have enough books for ; some of you will have to share.
【答案】everyone/everybody
【解析】考查代词。句意：我们没有足够的书给每个人；你们中的一些人将不得不分享。根据句意“书不够分给每个人，所以需要共享”可知，此处表示“足够给每个人”，为for everyone/everybody。故填everyone/everybody。
5．Unfortunately, of the two boys has passed the geography examination.
【答案】neither
【解析】考查代词。句意：不幸的是，这两个男孩都没有通过地理考试。此处使用代词作主语，根据句意，表示“两者都不”用neither。故填neither。
6．New laws are made as new situations develop such as created by advances in technology or changes in societal attitudes.
【答案】those
【解析】考查代词。句意：新法律是随着新情况的发展而制定的，例如那些由于技术进步或社会态度的变化而产生的新情况。空处作such as的宾语，是对“新情况”的举例说明，指代前面提到的new situations，new situations为可数名词复数，应用指示代词those指代。故填those。
7．The impressionists had to paint quickly, consequently, their paintings were not so detailed as of earlier painters.
【答案】those
【解析】考查代词。句意：印象派画家必须快速作画，因此，他们的画不像早期画家那样细致。此处为代词指代paintings，结合句意，此处特指早起画家的绘画，所以使用those替代。故填those。
8．He is very clever and works harder than other worker in the company.
【答案】any
【解析】考查固定结构。句意：他很聪明，比公司的其他工人都努力。分析句子可知，这里考查any other，表“其他任何一个”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故填any。
9．Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so it is only natural the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：每年都有数以百万计的游客前往联合国教科文组织世界遗产，因此这些遗址遭受一些磨损是很自然的。it为形式主语，空处引导名词性从句作真正的主语，主语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，it is natural that…表示“……很自然”。故填that。
10．To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or .
【答案】both
【解析】考查代词。句意：要了解更多关于大英博物馆的信息，你可以使用互联网或去图书馆，或者两者都用。空处指代前面提到的use the Internet和go to the library两种方式，应用不定代词both表示“两者”。故填both。
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. （2025·河北省部分校高三年级5月份联考猜题信息卷（二））
话题：中外文化——外国人感受中国传统文化 词数：192
As a Chinese-German student at Tsinghua University, I thought I had already had a 1 (well) grasp of both Chinese culture and modernization. Yet, my recent visit to Suzhou gave me a fresh perspective (视角) on 2 tradition and modernity coexist harmoniously in this city.
As one of the destinations of the “Go Jiangsu” program, we 3 (visit) the Yao Jianping Embroidery Art Gallery. Before this encounter, my 4 (interact) with Suzhou silk embroidery was limited 5 online images. So, at the art gallery, I was shocked by the fact that it is not made with machines.
Wandering along the Pingjiang Road at night was an even more striking experience. Bathed in the modern lighting and 6 (taste) the delicious local food along the ancient street, I tried my best 7 (picture) the lives of those who lived here thousands of years ago. 8 (it) unique charm kept reminding me that modernization didn’t have to mean abandoning tradition
This trip was much more than a simple travel experience. It was also 9 enriching experience for the soul. Through personal 10 (encounter), I gained a deeper appreciation for China’s culture and progress.
【答案】
1．better 2．how 3．visited 4．interaction 5．to 6．tasting 7．to picture 8．Its 9．an 10．encounters
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者作为清华大学的中德混血学生，在最近访问苏州后的所见所感。
1．考查形容词比较级。句意：作为一名在清华大学就读的中德混血学生，我原本以为自己已经对中国文化和现代化有了较好的理解。空处为形容词形式；根据句意可知，空处为形容词比较级形式，意为“更好的”。故填better。
2．考查宾语从句。句意：然而，最近的苏州之行让我对传统与现代如何在这座城市和谐共存有了全新的视角。空处为宾语从句的引导词；宾语从句中缺少方式状语，用“how”引导。故填how。
3．考查谓语动词。句意：作为“畅游江苏”项目的目的地之一，我们参观了姚建平刺绣艺术馆。空处为本句谓语动词；根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“we”，和动词“visit”之间为主动关系。故填visited。
4．考查名词。句意：在此之前，我对苏州缂丝刺绣的了解仅限于网上的图片。空处为名词形式担当主语；根据谓语动词“was”可知，空处为名词单数形式。故填interaction。
5．考查固定短语。句意：在此之前，我对苏州缂丝刺绣的了解仅限于网上的图片。空处为固定短语：be limited to，意为“仅限于……”，符合句意。故填to。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：沐浴在现代灯光下，沿着古街品尝着美味的当地小吃，我努力想象着几千年前生活在这里的人们的日常。空处为非谓语动词形式担当状语；主语“I”和动词“taste”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填tasting。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：沐浴在现代灯光下，沿着古街品尝着美味的当地小吃，我努力想象着几千年前生活在这里的人们的日常。空处为非谓语担当目的状语，构成短语：try one’s best to do sth.，意为“尽力做某事”，符合句意。故填to picture。
8．考查代词。句意：平江路独特的魅力不断提醒我，现代化并不意味着必须抛弃传统。空处为修饰名词用形容词性物主代词，意为“它的”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Its。
9．考查冠词。句意：这次旅行远不止是一次简单的旅游体验，更是一次丰富的心灵之旅。空处为修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。
10．考查名词的数。句意：通过亲身经历，我对中国的文化和发展有了更深的理解与热爱。空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据句意可知，此处指具体经历，常用复数encounters表示多次经历。故填encounters。
2. （2025届陕西省西安市西北工业大学附属中学高三下学期第14次模拟）
话题：环境保护 词数：217
In the south of China’s Gansu Province, there lies the Maqu Wetland. As the Yellow River, China’s second 1 (long) river, reaches Maqu, the water it carries accounts 2 just 20% of its total water volume. That number increases to 65% as it leaves Maqu.
The rich water nourishes (滋养) the vast grassland. This grassland 3 (locate) in the eastern end of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. With a total area of 3,750 square kilometers, it is a wonderland for cattle and sheep. The Oula sheep is unique toMaqu. More 4 50% of the grassland here is used 5 (grow) Chinese herbal medicines. By feeding on these herbs, the sheep develop a stronger 6 (resist) to diseases. Beyond eating and drinking, running becomes their 7 (day) fitness sport． But the Oula sheep are not alone．The Yaks (牦牛)of Maqu also love running across the wetland grassland. China is the home of yaks. About 90%of yaks in the world live on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and in the surrounding six 8 (province).
The Yellow River, 9 nourishes about 750,000 square kilometers of land, is called the “Mother River” by the Chinese people. The Maqu Wetland contributes nearly half of the water to the Yellow River. What it 10 (true) nourishes goes far beyond what we can see.
【答案】
1．longest 2．for 3．is located 4．than 5．to grow 6．resistance 7．daily 8．provinces 9．which 10．truly
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了甘肃南部的玛曲湿地对黄河贡献大，其丰富水源滋养草原，独特的欧拉羊和牦牛在此生活，湿地意义远超所见。
1．考查最高级。句意：当中国第二长河——黄河流经马尔库时，它所携带的水量仅占总水量的 20%。此处表示“中国第二长河”应用最高级形式。故填longest。
2．考查介词。句意：当中国第二长河——黄河流经马尔库时，它所携带的水量仅占总水量的 20%。短语account for表示“占比”。故填for。
3．考查时态语态。句意：这片草原位于中国青藏高原的东部边缘。短语be located in表示“位于”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为grassland，谓语用单数。故填is located。
4．考查固定短语。句意：这里超过 50% 的草原被用于种植中草药。短语more than表示“超过”。故填than。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这里超过 50% 的草原被用于种植中草药。短语be used to do sth.表示“被用于做某事”。故填to grow。
6．考查名词。句意：通过食用这些草本植物，绵羊的抗病能力得以增强。作动词的宾语，用名词resistance。故填resistance。
7．考查形容词。句意：除了吃饭和喝水之外，跑步成了他们日常的健身运动。修饰名词短语fitness sport用形容词daily。故填daily。
8．考查名词的数。句意：世界上约 90%的牦牛生活在青藏高原及其周边的六个省份。根据上文six可知用复数形式。故填provinces。
9．考查定语从句。句意：黄河滋养着约 75 万平方公里的土地，被中国人民称为“母亲河”。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The Yellow River，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
10．考查副词。句意：它所滋养的资源远不止我们所能看到的这些。修饰动词nourish用副词truly。故填truly。
3. （2025届江苏省徐州市高三下学期考前打靶）
话题：中国文化 词数：247
Inspired by rich cultural heritage and natural beauty, cities across China are taking advantage of the growing interest in creative cultural products, giving 1 significant boost to local consumption.
A gift shop at the Liaoning Provincial Museum has drawn 2 (inspire) from several spring-themed historical artifacts to create over 10 products 3 combine natural beauty with artistic innovation.
Among the offerings is a tiny refrigerator magnet based on the renowned Tang Dynasty painting “Lady Guoguo’s Spring Outing”. The characters and horses in the painting have been redesigned 4 round, adorable cartoon figures, making the item very appealing.
Since launching its spring-themed products, the shop 5 (see) a nearly 60 percent increase in sales compared to the same period last year, with online orders 6 (boom).
These products not only capture the essence of our artifacts but also include 7 (season) elements and modern aesthetic preferences. Consumers highly appreciate this combination of culture and creativity.
In Nanjing, local businesses have also embraced the trend, 8 (dramatic) transforming its time-honored landmarks and picturesque landscapes into charming souvenirs. New creative products featuring the cherry blossoms of Jiming Temple 9 the scenic views of Confucius Temple have become a hit among tourists.
Cultural creativity has also breathed newlife into many scenic spots. A cafe located within a scenic area in Zhejiang Province has branched out into selling toys 10 (shape) like local specialties. Visitors can now enjoy a cup of coffee there and then take home a taste of local culture.
【答案】
1．a 2．inspiration 3．that/which 4．as 5．has seen 6．booming 7．seasonal 8．dramatically 9．and 10．shaped
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国各地城市如何利用丰富的文化遗产和自然美景，开发创意文化产品，促进当地消费。
1．考查冠词。句意：受丰富的文化遗产和自然美景启发，中国各地的城市正利用人们对创意文化产品日益增长的兴趣，为当地消费带来一次显著的推动作用。此处表示泛指 “一次显著的推动”，significant以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
2．考查名词。句意：辽宁省博物馆的一家礼品店从几件以春天为主题的历史文物中汲取灵感，创作了10多件将自然美景与艺术创新相结合的产品。此处作has drawn的宾语，应用名词inspiration“灵感”。故填inspiration。
3．考查定语从句。句意：辽宁省博物馆的一家礼品店从几件以春天为主题的历史文物中汲取灵感，创作了10多件将自然美景与艺术创新相结合的产品。本空引导定语从句，先行词是products，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
4．考查介词。句意：画中的人物和马匹被重新设计成圆润可爱的卡通形象，使该物品极具吸引力。表示“被重新设计为……”用be redesigned as...，介词as表示“作为”。故填as。
5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自推出春季主题产品以来，该店的销售额与去年同期相比增长了近60%，在线订单也在激增。see“看到”。根据Since launching可知，时态应用现在完成时，主语the shop为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has seen。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处是with复合结构，动词boom“激增”和逻辑主语online orders之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补。故填booming。
7．考查形容词。句意：这些产品不仅捕捉到了我们文物的精髓，还包括了季节性元素和现代审美偏好。此处修饰名词elements，应用形容词seasonal“季节性的”，作定语。故填seasonal。
8．考查副词。句意：在南京，当地企业也顺应了这一趋势，将其历史悠久的地标和风景如画的景观大幅转变为迷人的纪念品。此处修饰动词transforming，应用副词dramatically“大幅地”，作状语。故填dramatically。
9．考查连词。句意：以鸡鸣寺樱花和夫子庙美景为特色的新创意产品在游客中大受欢迎。此处the cherry blossoms of Jiming Temple和the scenic views of Confucius Temple为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：浙江省一个景区内的一家咖啡馆开始销售当地特产形状的玩具。本句谓语为has branched out，此处为非谓语动词，且动词shape“使成为……形状”和逻辑主语toys之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填shaped。
4. （2025届湖北省部分高中协作体高三下学期三模）
话题：感受中国文化 词数：241
Working and living abroad is an eye-opening experience. From 2019 to 2021, I pursued my career in Shanghai and gained new insights into China.
Firstly, the Chinese people work 1 (incredible) hard. This gives evidence to 2 the Chinese economy is growing so fast. Secondly, 3 (be) in China during the Spring Festival is an absolutely amazing event. No matter how far from home, most Chinese will make 4 home from work or study to spend China’s most important holiday with their family. 5 (million) of people crowd into trains and planes for family reunions. So you will witness the 6 (large) urban migration in the entire world. It is referred to as the Spring Rush, Chunyun in Chinese who attach great importance to the family. Last but not least, as an American who worked in China, I would encourage everybody to learn a foreign language. In this way, you’re going to have a challenge that will give you confidence 7 (deal) with many other things in this world. 8 Nelson Mandela said, when you speak to a man in a language that he 9 (understand), it goes to his head. But when you speak to a man in his mother tongue, it goes to his heart.
Working and living in China as an American opened the door to 10 (end) opportunities for me. It enabled me to learn the Chinese culture and have a better life I go for.
【答案】
1．incredibly 2．why 3．being 4．it 5．Millions 6．largest 7．to deal 8．As 9．understands 10．endless
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要就作者本人在中国的经历，告诉我们在国外生活和工作是一次大开眼界的经历。
1．考查副词。句意：首先，中国人民工作非常努力。修饰副词hard用副词形式。故填incredibly。
2．考查宾语从句。句意：这为中国经济增长为何如此之快提供了证据。这里为宾语从句的连接词，宾语从句缺少原因状语，用why。故填why。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，在中国过春节绝对是件了不起的事。这里为非谓语动词担当主语，用动词的ving形式。故填being。
4．考查固定搭配。句意：无论离家多远，大多数中国人都会从工作或学习中回家，与家人共度中国最重要的节日。固定搭配：make it，意为“成功、达到目标”。故填it。
5．考查固定搭配。句意：数百万人挤进火车和飞机，与家人团聚。所以你将见证世界上最大规模的城市移民。固定搭配：millions of，意为“数百万的……”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Millions。
6．考查形容词。句意：所以你将见证世界上最大规模的城市移民。根据常识可知，中国人在过春节期间都会回到老家和亲人团聚，所以这是最大规模的城市移民，用形容词最高级作定语。故填largest。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这样，你就会有一个挑战，它会给你信心来处理这个世界上的许多其他事情。这里为非谓语动词担当名词confidence的后置定语，用不定式形式。故填to deal。
8．考查定语从句。句意：正如纳尔逊·曼德拉所说，如果你用一个人听得懂的语言与他交流，他会记在脑子里；如果你用他自己的语言与他交流，他会记在心里。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词，出现在句首，代指后面整个句子，表示“正如”，用关系代词as，且首字母大写。故填As。
9．考查时态。句意：正如纳尔逊·曼德拉所说，如果你用一个人听得懂的语言与他交流，他会记在脑子里；如果你用他自己的语言与他交流，他会记在心里。考查从句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，时态为一般现在时；主语为he，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填understands。
10．考查形容词。句意：作为一个美国人，在中国工作和生活为我打开了通往无限机会的大门。修饰名词opportunity用形容词；再根据句意可知，指的是“无限的”机会。故填endless。
5. （2025·河南省九师联盟高三下学期模拟）
话题：南水北调 词数：218
The South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China has in the past decade channeled 76. 7 billion cubic meters of water from the Yangtze River basin to 1 country’s drought-prone northern regions, according to a water resources official.
Wang Daoxi, vice-minister of water resources, made the remark recently at a news conference 2 was organized by the State Council Information Office to mark the 10th anniversary (周年) of the great project’s operation.
“After sustainable expansion of areas 3 (cover) by the project, it now supplies water to 45 medium and large-sized cities, 4 (benefit) 185 million people,” Wang said. “The project’s 5 (construct) influence has increasingly extended beyond medium and large cities to rural areas, leading to a massive number of 6 (individual) enjoying its benefits year after another. ”
Wang also highlighted the significant role of the project 7 helping to improve the ecological environment of rivers and lakes in North China. “Thanks to the project, 8 (rough) 11. 8 billion cubic meters of water has been refilled into more than 50 rivers, ” he said.
The Yongding River, which dried up in 1996, for example, witnessed continuous water flow along its 865-kilometer course in August 2021. Over the last three years, the mother river of Beijing 9 (maintain) a year-round flow along its entire 10 (long).
【答案】
1．the 2．that/which 3．covered 4．benefiting 5．constructive 6．individuals 7．in 8．roughly 9．has maintained 10．length
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。南水北调工程是中国的一项重大战略性工程，旨在解决中国北方地区的水资源短缺问题，是一项惠及民生的重大世纪工程。
1．考查冠词。句意：据一位水资源官员称，在过去的十年里，中国的南水北调工程从长江流域向该国干旱易发的北方地区输送了767亿立方米的水。此处用定冠词 the表示特指，the country指前面的 China。故填the。
2．考查定语从句。句意：水利部副部长王道席最近在国务院新闻办公室举办的纪念三峡工程运行十周年的新闻发布会上发表了上述言论。分析该句结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为a news conference，指代物，所以用关系词 that或 which。故填that/which。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：王说：“经过工程覆盖区域的持续扩大，现在它向45个大中型城市供水，使1.85亿人受益。”分析该句成分可知，所填词与其逻辑主语 areas存在动宾关系，故用所给动词的过去分词 covered，在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词 areas。故填covered。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：王说：“经过工程覆盖区域的持续扩大，现在它向45个大中型城市供水，使1.85亿人受益。”分析该句成分可知，该空用所给动词的现在分词 benefiting，在句中作结果状语。故填benefiting。
5．考查形容词。句意：这项工程的建设性影响已经越来越多地从大中城市延伸到农村地区，使大量的个人年复一年地享受到它的好处。根据该空后的名词 influence 可知，该空用所给动词的形容词 constructive。constructive influence意为“积极的影响”。故填constructive。
6．考查名词复数。句意：这项工程的建设性影响已经越来越多地从大中城市延伸到农村地区，使大量的个人年复一年地享受到它的好处。根据空前的a massive number of 可知，该空用所给名词的复数 individuals。故填individuals。
7．考查介词。句意：王还强调了该项目在帮助改善中国北方河流和湖泊生态环境方面的重要作用。名词role与介词in连用表示“在某事物或某活动中扮演的角色或起到的作用”。故填in。
8．考查副词。句意：他说：“多亏了这个工程，大约118亿立方米的水被重新注入了50多条河流。”根据该空后的11. 8 billion cubic 可知，该空需用所给形容词的副词 roughly，在此处用来描述数量。故填roughly。
9．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的三年里，北京的母亲河一直保持着全年的流量。根据前面的时间状语 Over the last three years及主语 the mother river可知，该空用现在完成时态 has maintained。故填has maintained。
10．考查名词。句意：在过去的三年里，北京的母亲河一直保持着全年的流量。根据该空前的形容词 entire可知，该空用所给形容词的名词 length。故填length。
1.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
2.（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ________ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。
3.（2019新课标II卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，_________she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
5.（2019新课标III卷）They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
6.（2019浙江卷）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______ gives off light in the dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
7.（2019北京卷）The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who。
8.（2018新课标I卷）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ___________showed a mere five to 10 minute a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句，先行词为study，在定语从句中作主语，所以用which或that引导。
9.（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ________gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为program，在定语从句中作主语，所以用that或which引导。
10.（2017新课标I卷）Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _________is not good for the health.
【答案】which
【解析】本题主要考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，主句主谓完整，定语从句缺少主语且从句前有逗号，故此处应填入关系代词 which，故正确答案为 which。
11.（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是Sarah，因此引导定语从句应使用who。
12.（2016新课标I卷）But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____________I was the first Western TV reporter was permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。划线处后面I was the first Western TV reporter was permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.是一个完整的句子，且先行词he mid-1980s，故答案为when。
13.（2016新课标III卷）Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，___________lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.，influenced the development of chopsticks.
【答案】who
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Confucius孔子，定语从句缺少主语，且指人，故填who。
14.（2015新课标I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为Li River，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词。句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。故用that/which。
15.（2014新课标I卷）Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系代词that/which指代先行词，在句做主语，不能省略。故填which/that。
16.（2022·全国高考乙卷）The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ______ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
【答案】 and
【解析】考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。
17.（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）He hung on for a few minutes ______ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
18.（2021新课标I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
【答案】and
【解析】考查并列连词。句意为：虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并提供了一个地方,你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。前后是并列关系,所以用and连接,故填and.
19.（2021新课标II卷）I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。
20.（2021年浙江卷1月）In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ___ ___ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
21（2020年浙江卷1月）It's also that they are on average healthier___65___more productive for longer.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：而且，平均而言，他们更健康，更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and，故填and。
22.（2016新课标III卷）In much of Asia，especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，__________Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
【答案】and
【解析】考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲国家的名字，是并列关系，故在最后两个名词之间用and来连接。
23.（2014新课标II卷）There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __________some of them looked very anxious and disappointed .
【答案】and
【解析】考查并列连词。and连接两个句子，表示顺承关系。很明显，两句之间需连词相连接，通过前后句意关系，many people waiting和looked very anxious判断，属并列关系。
24.【2022全国乙卷】To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【答案】the
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
25.【2022年浙江 1月】Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。
26.【2021.6全国乙卷】Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。空格处所填词与空后的growing popularity of…一起作to的宾语，构成the growing popularity of…的固定用法。句意：因为与环境相关的且有冒险性的旅行越来越流行……。故填the。
27.【2021.6 浙江卷】In 1844 they bought it for＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. ... 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词the，the Linclons 林肯一家人。the+姓氏的复数，表示一家人。句意：林肯一家人在1856年把房子扩建为一栋二楼，以满足他们日益增长的家人的需求。
28.【2022年北京卷】 It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。
29.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。
30.【2019年北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
31.【2018年浙江卷11月】It is possible _____63_____ caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, too. 【答
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句中it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的从句，从句中不缺少句子成分，意思完整，用that起引导作用，故填that。
32.【2024北京卷】One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books ”
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。
33.【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layouts.
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。
34.【2023年全国甲卷】 She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___48___ saving their environment.
【答案】for
【解析】
考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。
35.【2022全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
【答案】 by
【解析】考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
36.【2022全国乙卷】The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____ _____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真—普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
37.【2022年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags.
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。
38.【2021全国甲卷】It was built originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.
【答案】 in
【解析】考查介词。在唐朝the Tang dynasty，是段时间，故填 in。
39.【2021.1 浙江卷】The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men.
【答案】by
【解析】考查介词。句意：研究发现1985-2017年间，男人和女人BMI的平均数值上升了2.1。increase by+数值表示增长了多少，故答案为by。
40.【2021.6 浙江卷】） In 1844 they bought it 2 ＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser...
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。buy sth. for +价格，表示以什么价格购买某物。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格购买了这个房子和一些地。
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