2026全国版高考英语一轮
主题十六 奥秘探索
组合练一:阅读(2)&语法填空
1 三年模拟 (2025届海南期中,C) 主题：宇宙探索
A new study provides evidence that Mars contains a large ocean deep beneath its surface. The finding is based on data collected by the InSight Lander, a robotic explorer operated by the American space agency NASA. InSight, which landed in 2018, was designed to capture data from within the planet's interior. The lander ended its operations on Mars in late 2022.
For the current study, researchers used seismic(地震的) data collected by InSight. The team examined the data to study Martian quake activity. InSight had recorded more than 1,300 marsquakes.
The device InSight used to measure ground movements is called a seismometer(地震仪). It is extremely sensitive to the Martian environment. The seismic data suggests liquid water exists deep beneath the ground where InSight operated from.
Since water is considered necessary to support life, scientists say the presence of it on Mars leaves open the possibility that some form of life might exist, or existed there in the past.
Numerous studies done before have also provided evidence that liquid water could exist on Mars. Scientists have already uncovered evidence that about 3 billion years ago, the surface of Mars likely had an active system of lakes, rivers and oceans.
Scientists believe that Mars has lost its surface water as its atmosphere became less thick. This likely turned the planet into the dry, dusty world it is today. They have theorized that much of the ancient water escaped out into space or remained buried under the surface.
The data suggests liquid water sits between 11 and 20 kilometers down in the Martian crust. The water is likely contained in a deep layer of igneous rock beneath the Martian surface. Scientists said that the water likely moved down from the surface billions of years ago, when water is believed to have flowed freely on Mars.
There is currently no way to confirm the study's suggested existence of liquid water because it sits so far beneath the Martian surface. Such a confirmation would require large drills and other specialized equipment.
1. How did the researchers get the finding
A. By analyzing the previous research.
B. By conducting an experiment on Mars.
C. By referring to the data from a robotic explorer.
D. By comparing the Martian surface with that of Earth.
2. Why did water disappear from the surface of Mars according to the scientists
A. Its structure changed.
B. Its atmosphere thinned.
C. Its temperature rose.
D. Its surface broke into pieces.
3. What's the author's attitude towards the new discovery
A. Objective.
B. Tolerant.
C. Unclear.
D. Uncaring.
4. What's the text mainly about
A. There are frequent quakes on Mars just like on Earth.
B. Scientists have been searching for signs of life on Mars.
C. New study suggests Mars has a large underground ocean.
D. An advanced device for exploring Mars has ended its mission.
2 三年模拟 (2025届河南郑州中学期中,C)
主题：宇宙探索
What once seemed far away is now a reality: Ordinary people can walk in space. On Sept 12,2024, the SpaceX Polaris Dawn crew made history by performing the world's first commercial spacewalk.
First announced in 2022, Polaris Dawn is the first of three missions designed to test and develop new space technologies. US billionaire Jared Isaacman is the founder of the Polaris Program and has funded the missions through his collaboration with SpaceX.
On Sept 10,2024, the crew of four astronauts, including Isaacman, was launched into space. After two days of preparations, Isaacman first stepped out of the spacecraft. “Back at home we all have a lot of work to do, but from here—it looks like a perfect world,” he said as he stepped out into space. Another crew member, Sarah Gillis, also took part in the spacewalk, with the actual time spent outside being around 10 minutes per astronaut, reported CNN.
Aside from this amazing achievement, the Polaris Dawn crew also tested their new SpaceX-designed spacewalk suits. The suit works like a mini-spacecraft that fits the human body. One of the engineers described it as “a suit of armor(盔甲) made of fabric”.
Unlike the heavy white suits used by NASA astronauts, SpaceX's suits don't have a backpack life support system. Instead, they get air and power from tubes connected to the spacecraft. SpaceX plans to use these suits for many future missions, both around Earth and in deep space.
Polaris Dawn also conducted nearly 40 scientific experiments. These experiments included testing wearable devices that collect body data, trying to reduce space motion sickness, and studying eye health in microgravity(微重力). Polaris Dawn also traveled through parts of Earth's radiation belt, providing the chance to better understand how this radiation affects the human body.
After the five-day mission, on Sept 15,2024 the Polaris Dawn crew landed safely on Earth in Florida, US.
NASA described the mission as “a giant leap forward” for the commercial space industry. It also brings SpaceX closer to its goal of commercializing space travel and reducing costs, which could enable people to live and work in space in the future.
1. What was a major achievement of the Polaris Dawn crew
A. They completed the longest spacewalk.
B. They conducted the first commercial spacewalk.
C. They stayed outside the spacecraft for over one hour.
D. They became the first astronauts in deep space.
2. How do SpaceX's spacewalk suits differ from NASA's suits
A. They are larger but lighter in design.
B. They have a built-in life support system.
C. They are made from advanced materials.
D. They rely on the spacecraft for resources.
3. What research did the Polaris Dawn crew do
A. Testing radiation protection systems.
B. Evaluating the effects of space on hearing.
C. Studying body health and motion in space.
D. Collecting data on Earth's surface changes.
4. What broader goal does SpaceX aim to achieve through missions like Polaris Dawn
A. To discover new planets for exploration.
B. To promote international cooperation in space.
C. To make space travel more accessible to the public.
D. To develop technology for sustainable space living.
3 三年模拟 (2024宁夏银川唐徕中学三模)
主题：极地探索
Up to now, an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) developed by a Chinese university team has obtained abundant data during the country's latest Arctic expedition, 1. (reveal) various features beneath the North Pole.
The red, fish-shaped robot called “XH1000” was made by researchers from Harbin Engineering University. During the 13th Arctic Ocean scientific expedition 2. concluded in September, 2023, it 3. (complete) under-ice environment detection operations near the Chukchi Sea and relayed plenty of data, including ocean water temperature, salinity and pH levels. 4. (equip) with domestically developed detection sonar(声呐), the polar-observing AUV explored an area of 7,000 square meters beneath the Arctic ice.
Operation team leader Zhu Zhongben, 5. associate professor, said the 6. (inform) gathered will help scientists improve their understanding of the changing process of sea-ice and ocean currents in this region, providing data support for 7. (effective) coping with the impact of global climate change 8. China.
Chinese scientists set off for the 13th Arctic Ocean scientific expedition on July 12,2023 aboard the polar icebreaker Xuelong 2, travelling over 15,000 nautical miles before returning. It reached the North Pole on Sept. 5,2023, generating 9. (value) experience for robotic ships 10. (work) in the high risk polar areas and filling the gap in the country's scientific research on the polar region.
组合练二:阅读(2)& 完形
1 三年模拟 (2024江苏南京二模,D) 主题：宇宙探索
“Cathedral, Mountain, Moon” has been selected by NASA as the Astronomy Picture of the Day for December 25, 2023.
The photo was taken by Valerio, a young photographer from Italy. It was taken on the evening of December 15, 2023. Though he knew about NASA's competition, he hadn't considered participating until receiving much encouragement from his social media followers. Soon after, he received the message, “Your image has been chosen as the astronomical photo of the day.” It was incredible!
In a photo like this, nothing is left to luck. The concept came to him back in 2017. Walking on the hills north of Turin, he found several spots perfect for including both the Basilica of Superga and Mountain Monviso. After numerous visits over several months, he identified four spots where Superga and Monviso line up just right.
After pinpointing these locations, he experimented with shooting them at different times. “I knew I needed something special to perfect the photo. The Sun was a no-go, so I turned to the Moon. Its various phases and positions reach an azimuth angle(方位角) of 230 degrees,” Valerio said. With this in mind, he researched the Moon's phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the Moon could join the queue.
It was very successful, especially because the Moon was in a waxing phase(月盈期). This meant that in the photo, not only was its crescent(新月) lit up, but so was the left part, its shadowed side. That part is lit by reflected light, also known as the Da Vinci glow(达·芬奇辉光), named after him because he was the one who theorized about why the Moon's shadowed side is brightened. During the early days of the waxing phase, the shadowed part is visible because the Sun's light reflects off the Earth and hits the Moon's shadowed side, giving it a greyish, silvery color. This allowed the light to outline Monviso on the left as well.
1. Why did Valerio send the photo to NASA
A. He took an interest in astronomical advances.
B. He expected to create an impact on social media.
C. He received broad support from enthusiastic fans.
D. He wished to make his hometown a tourist hot spot.
2. In Valerio's photo, the three objects .
A. shine light on each other
B. stand in a straight line
C. fit each other in size
D. vary from usual in color
3. What did Valerio do to prepare for the perfect photo
A. Studying how the Moon phase changes.
B. Calculating the Superga-Monviso distance.
C. Analyzing when to adjust the camera angle.
D. Measuring the height of the observation point.
4. What was lit up by the Da Vinci glow
A. The outline of the crescent.
B. The outline of Superga.
C. The dark side of the Moon.
D. The shadowed side of the Earth.
2 三年模拟 (2024湖北武汉二调,D) 主题：宇宙探索
If you live on this planet, there's a decent chance you've seen the classic Star Trek episode, in which Captain Kirk and several members find themselves in what appears to be another universe.
These days, it seems the idea of the multiverse—many worlds—is having its Hollywood moment. Its appeal as a storytelling device is obvious—characters explore worlds with varying degrees of similarity to our own, as well as different versions of themselves. Hence, it has been fully established in mainstream pop culture.
While Hollywood can't seem to get enough of the multiverse, it remains deeply controversial(有争议的) among scientists. Advocates on the two sides show no mercy toward each other in their books and on their blogs. But physicists didn't pull the idea out of thin air—rather, several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse's existence. However, critics warn that legitimizing(使合法化) the multiverse could make it harder for the public to distinguish speculative(推测性的) theories from established facts, making it more difficult to keep pseudo-science(伪科学) at bay. Giving credit to such speculation risks “turning fundamental physics into pseudo-science”.
The multiverse controversy is rooted in the idea of testability. If we can't interact with these other universes, or detect them in any way, some experts insist that reduces them to mere philosophical speculation. But Carroll, an advocate for “many worlds”, argues that mathematics is the language describing our physical theories. Since Schr dinger equation(方程), on which quantum mechanics(量子力学) rests, predicts the existence of many worlds, so be it.
Could a more expansive view of the universe itself be the next breakthrough As Siegfried puts it: “Every time in the past we've thought, ‘We've got it; this is what the whole universe is’, the people who've said, ‘Maybe there's more than one of those’ have always turned out to be right.”
1. Why is Hollywood so occupied with the multiverse
A. It makes for engaging plots.
B. It is a much-talked-about topic.
C. It is helpful to popularize science.
D. It dominates the mainstream pop culture.
2. What do the underlined words in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Out of date.
B. Out of place.
C. Out of nowhere.
D. Out of question.
3. According to the opponents, the basic standard of fundamental physics is that .
A. it can be detected somehow
B. it can be reasoned logically
C. it can be interpreted philosophically
D. it can be predicted by mathematical equations
4. What might be the author's attitude toward the multiverse
A. Doubtful. B. Dismissive. C. Unclear. D. Approving.
3 三年模拟 (2024云南一模) 主题：冒险精神
Growing up on a farm, Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams. She 1 herself as an ambitious and adventurous child and owes the Duke of Edinburgh's Award to her love for 2 . James says she could never have 3 that one day she might be the youngest British woman to 4 the peak of Mount Qomolangma.
Today, James is a(n) 5 adventurer. Alongside her successful climb of the world's 6 peak in 2007, she was a member of the first all-female team to 7 a tiring 360-mile ski race to the Magnetic North Pole in 2005, and in 2014 she set the 8 for the longest non-stop open-sea kayak crossing in UK waters.
Yet ahead of her first exploration at the age of 18, James had 9 her ability to last a month out in the cold without the comfort of a hot bath. “It's only by 10 our comfort zone that we understand our true potential,” she explains. “That's when the 11 happens.”
James encourages would-be adventurers not to be 12 by the conventional image of the rugged(粗犷的), hardy explorer. “I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring 13 to an exploration,” she adds. “Sometimes, it's only out in the field that someone's 14 talents emerge, 15 in the process of exploration.”
1. A. describes B. admits C. imagines D. praises
2. A. wildlife B. science C. exploration D. competition
3. A. explained B. understood C. declared D. predicted
4. A. measure B. approach C. admire D. reach
5. A. patient B. ordinary C. professional D. honest
6. A. coldest B. highest C. prettiest D. straightest
7. A. complete B. coach C. judge D. cancel
8. A. record B. date C. goal D. standard
9. A. lost B. doubted C. limited D. developed
10. A. entering B. restoring C. leaving D. expanding
11. A. emergency B. accident C. event D. magic
12. A. pushed ahead B. kept apart C. cheered up D. put off
13. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
14. A. academic B. creative C. hidden D. artistic
15. A. eventually B. particularly C. generally D. obviously
组合练三:阅读& 语法填空
1 三年模拟 (2024山东省实验中学第一次诊断考试,C) 主题：宇宙探索
On Dec 4, 2022, Chinese astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The astronauts were in orbit for 183 days, during which they oversaw the completion of China's Tiangong space station and several life science experiments.They returned with the world's first rice seeds produced in orbit, a feat that allows scientists to examine the effects of microgravity on rice growth so as to find a sustainable food source for long-term space explorations.
One such experiment involved reproducing the entire life cycle of rice for the first time in space. It began with selecting rice seeds carefully,which were then nurtured and monitored as they hatched into seedlings. The astronauts diligently tended to these delicate young plants, which grew into mature plants producing new seeds. It began on July 29,2022, and after 120 days in orbit they successfully produced new space grains.
The new seeds, along with other bio-samples, have been delivered to the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing. They will also be transferred to labs in Shanghai for further research. The institute said researchers would conduct microbiology and cellular analysis to better understand how microgravity affects these plants on a molecular(分子的) level. This would provide key insights on creating new crops that are more adaptive to the space environment.
Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said seeds are crucial for growing new crops and supporting humanity's long-term survival in space.
While more research is in the pipeline, Zheng said scientists have already noticed several interesting differences between rice grown on Earth and that grown in space.For instance, the flowering period for the space rice begins slightly earlier than rice planted on Earth. Flowering is a crucial stage for plant reproductive development. “The stems for the space rice are also looser, with the dwarf rice variety becoming shorter while the tall shoot rice variety experiencing no change in height,” she added.
1. Why were the rice experiments conducted in space
A. To gain a thorough insight into the space environment.
B. To find a long-lasting food supply for space exploration.
C. To collect diverse space rice seeds for space research.
D. To explore the impact of microgravity on plants in space.
2. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3
A. The experiment process.
B. The research procedures.
C. The current new findings.
D. The exploration duration.
3. How did the researchers handle the newly acquired seeds
A. By preserving them in a secure facility.
B. By shipping them to labs for further analysis.
C. By studying their adaptability to microgravity.
D. By assessing their growth under controlled conditions.
4. What conclusion can be drawn from Zheng's words
A. More advanced research methods are in great demand.
B. Potential application of the research results is promising.
C. Space rice varieties commonly suffer decreases in height.
D. Distinctions between Earth rice and space rice are evident.
2 五年高考 (2020全国Ⅰ) 主题：太空探索
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—1. (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2. (extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3. it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4. (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 5. the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7. (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8. (construct).” Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9. ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10. (it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
主题十六 奥秘探索
组合练一:阅读(2)&语法填空
1 三年模拟 (2025届海南期中,C) 主题：宇宙探索
A new study provides evidence that Mars contains a large ocean deep beneath its surface. The finding is based on data collected by the InSight Lander, a robotic explorer operated by the American space agency NASA. InSight, which landed in 2018, was designed to capture data from within the planet's interior. The lander ended its operations on Mars in late 2022.
For the current study, researchers used seismic(地震的) data collected by InSight. The team examined the data to study Martian quake activity. InSight had recorded more than 1,300 marsquakes.
The device InSight used to measure ground movements is called a seismometer(地震仪). It is extremely sensitive to the Martian environment. The seismic data suggests liquid water exists deep beneath the ground where InSight operated from.
Since water is considered necessary to support life, scientists say the presence of it on Mars leaves open the possibility that some form of life might exist, or existed there in the past.
Numerous studies done before have also provided evidence that liquid water could exist on Mars. Scientists have already uncovered evidence that about 3 billion years ago, the surface of Mars likely had an active system of lakes, rivers and oceans.
Scientists believe that Mars has lost its surface water as its atmosphere became less thick. This likely turned the planet into the dry, dusty world it is today. They have theorized that much of the ancient water escaped out into space or remained buried under the surface.
The data suggests liquid water sits between 11 and 20 kilometers down in the Martian crust. The water is likely contained in a deep layer of igneous rock beneath the Martian surface. Scientists said that the water likely moved down from the surface billions of years ago, when water is believed to have flowed freely on Mars.
There is currently no way to confirm the study's suggested existence of liquid water because it sits so far beneath the Martian surface. Such a confirmation would require large drills and other specialized equipment.
1. How did the researchers get the finding
A. By analyzing the previous research.
B. By conducting an experiment on Mars.
C. By referring to the data from a robotic explorer.
D. By comparing the Martian surface with that of Earth.
2. Why did water disappear from the surface of Mars according to the scientists
A. Its structure changed.
B. Its atmosphere thinned.
C. Its temperature rose.
D. Its surface broke into pieces.
3. What's the author's attitude towards the new discovery
A. Objective.
B. Tolerant.
C. Unclear.
D. Uncaring.
4. What's the text mainly about
A. There are frequent quakes on Mars just like on Earth.
B. Scientists have been searching for signs of life on Mars.
C. New study suggests Mars has a large underground ocean.
D. An advanced device for exploring Mars has ended its mission.
答案
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
2 三年模拟 (2025届河南郑州中学期中,C)
主题：宇宙探索
What once seemed far away is now a reality: Ordinary people can walk in space. On Sept 12,2024, the SpaceX Polaris Dawn crew made history by performing the world's first commercial spacewalk.
First announced in 2022, Polaris Dawn is the first of three missions designed to test and develop new space technologies. US billionaire Jared Isaacman is the founder of the Polaris Program and has funded the missions through his collaboration with SpaceX.
On Sept 10,2024, the crew of four astronauts, including Isaacman, was launched into space. After two days of preparations, Isaacman first stepped out of the spacecraft. “Back at home we all have a lot of work to do, but from here—it looks like a perfect world,” he said as he stepped out into space. Another crew member, Sarah Gillis, also took part in the spacewalk, with the actual time spent outside being around 10 minutes per astronaut, reported CNN.
Aside from this amazing achievement, the Polaris Dawn crew also tested their new SpaceX-designed spacewalk suits. The suit works like a mini-spacecraft that fits the human body. One of the engineers described it as “a suit of armor(盔甲) made of fabric”.
Unlike the heavy white suits used by NASA astronauts, SpaceX's suits don't have a backpack life support system. Instead, they get air and power from tubes connected to the spacecraft. SpaceX plans to use these suits for many future missions, both around Earth and in deep space.
Polaris Dawn also conducted nearly 40 scientific experiments. These experiments included testing wearable devices that collect body data, trying to reduce space motion sickness, and studying eye health in microgravity(微重力). Polaris Dawn also traveled through parts of Earth's radiation belt, providing the chance to better understand how this radiation affects the human body.
After the five-day mission, on Sept 15,2024 the Polaris Dawn crew landed safely on Earth in Florida, US.
NASA described the mission as “a giant leap forward” for the commercial space industry. It also brings SpaceX closer to its goal of commercializing space travel and reducing costs, which could enable people to live and work in space in the future.
1. What was a major achievement of the Polaris Dawn crew
A. They completed the longest spacewalk.
B. They conducted the first commercial spacewalk.
C. They stayed outside the spacecraft for over one hour.
D. They became the first astronauts in deep space.
2. How do SpaceX's spacewalk suits differ from NASA's suits
A. They are larger but lighter in design.
B. They have a built-in life support system.
C. They are made from advanced materials.
D. They rely on the spacecraft for resources.
3. What research did the Polaris Dawn crew do
A. Testing radiation protection systems.
B. Evaluating the effects of space on hearing.
C. Studying body health and motion in space.
D. Collecting data on Earth's surface changes.
4. What broader goal does SpaceX aim to achieve through missions like Polaris Dawn
A. To discover new planets for exploration.
B. To promote international cooperation in space.
C. To make space travel more accessible to the public.
D. To develop technology for sustainable space living.
答案
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C
3 三年模拟 (2024宁夏银川唐徕中学三模)
主题：极地探索
Up to now, an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) developed by a Chinese university team has obtained abundant data during the country's latest Arctic expedition, 1. (reveal) various features beneath the North Pole.
The red, fish-shaped robot called “XH1000” was made by researchers from Harbin Engineering University. During the 13th Arctic Ocean scientific expedition 2. concluded in September, 2023, it 3. (complete) under-ice environment detection operations near the Chukchi Sea and relayed plenty of data, including ocean water temperature, salinity and pH levels. 4. (equip) with domestically developed detection sonar(声呐), the polar-observing AUV explored an area of 7,000 square meters beneath the Arctic ice.
Operation team leader Zhu Zhongben, 5. associate professor, said the 6. (inform) gathered will help scientists improve their understanding of the changing process of sea-ice and ocean currents in this region, providing data support for 7. (effective) coping with the impact of global climate change 8. China.
Chinese scientists set off for the 13th Arctic Ocean scientific expedition on July 12,2023 aboard the polar icebreaker Xuelong 2, travelling over 15,000 nautical miles before returning. It reached the North Pole on Sept. 5,2023, generating 9. (value) experience for robotic ships 10. (work) in the high risk polar areas and filling the gap in the country's scientific research on the polar region.
答案
1. revealing 2. that/which 3. completed 4. Equipped 5. an 6. information
7. effectively 8. on 9. valuable 10. to work
组合练二:阅读(2)& 完形
1 三年模拟 (2024江苏南京二模,D) 主题：宇宙探索
“Cathedral, Mountain, Moon” has been selected by NASA as the Astronomy Picture of the Day for December 25, 2023.
The photo was taken by Valerio, a young photographer from Italy. It was taken on the evening of December 15, 2023. Though he knew about NASA's competition, he hadn't considered participating until receiving much encouragement from his social media followers. Soon after, he received the message, “Your image has been chosen as the astronomical photo of the day.” It was incredible!
In a photo like this, nothing is left to luck. The concept came to him back in 2017. Walking on the hills north of Turin, he found several spots perfect for including both the Basilica of Superga and Mountain Monviso. After numerous visits over several months, he identified four spots where Superga and Monviso line up just right.
After pinpointing these locations, he experimented with shooting them at different times. “I knew I needed something special to perfect the photo. The Sun was a no-go, so I turned to the Moon. Its various phases and positions reach an azimuth angle(方位角) of 230 degrees,” Valerio said. With this in mind, he researched the Moon's phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the Moon could join the queue.
It was very successful, especially because the Moon was in a waxing phase(月盈期). This meant that in the photo, not only was its crescent(新月) lit up, but so was the left part, its shadowed side. That part is lit by reflected light, also known as the Da Vinci glow(达·芬奇辉光), named after him because he was the one who theorized about why the Moon's shadowed side is brightened. During the early days of the waxing phase, the shadowed part is visible because the Sun's light reflects off the Earth and hits the Moon's shadowed side, giving it a greyish, silvery color. This allowed the light to outline Monviso on the left as well.
1. Why did Valerio send the photo to NASA
A. He took an interest in astronomical advances.
B. He expected to create an impact on social media.
C. He received broad support from enthusiastic fans.
D. He wished to make his hometown a tourist hot spot.
2. In Valerio's photo, the three objects .
A. shine light on each other
B. stand in a straight line
C. fit each other in size
D. vary from usual in color
3. What did Valerio do to prepare for the perfect photo
A. Studying how the Moon phase changes.
B. Calculating the Superga-Monviso distance.
C. Analyzing when to adjust the camera angle.
D. Measuring the height of the observation point.
4. What was lit up by the Da Vinci glow
A. The outline of the crescent.
B. The outline of Superga.
C. The dark side of the Moon.
D. The shadowed side of the Earth.
答案
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
2 三年模拟 (2024湖北武汉二调,D) 主题：宇宙探索
If you live on this planet, there's a decent chance you've seen the classic Star Trek episode, in which Captain Kirk and several members find themselves in what appears to be another universe.
These days, it seems the idea of the multiverse—many worlds—is having its Hollywood moment. Its appeal as a storytelling device is obvious—characters explore worlds with varying degrees of similarity to our own, as well as different versions of themselves. Hence, it has been fully established in mainstream pop culture.
While Hollywood can't seem to get enough of the multiverse, it remains deeply controversial(有争议的) among scientists. Advocates on the two sides show no mercy toward each other in their books and on their blogs. But physicists didn't pull the idea out of thin air—rather, several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse's existence. However, critics warn that legitimizing(使合法化) the multiverse could make it harder for the public to distinguish speculative(推测性的) theories from established facts, making it more difficult to keep pseudo-science(伪科学) at bay. Giving credit to such speculation risks “turning fundamental physics into pseudo-science”.
The multiverse controversy is rooted in the idea of testability. If we can't interact with these other universes, or detect them in any way, some experts insist that reduces them to mere philosophical speculation. But Carroll, an advocate for “many worlds”, argues that mathematics is the language describing our physical theories. Since Schr dinger equation(方程), on which quantum mechanics(量子力学) rests, predicts the existence of many worlds, so be it.
Could a more expansive view of the universe itself be the next breakthrough As Siegfried puts it: “Every time in the past we've thought, ‘We've got it; this is what the whole universe is’, the people who've said, ‘Maybe there's more than one of those’ have always turned out to be right.”
1. Why is Hollywood so occupied with the multiverse
A. It makes for engaging plots.
B. It is a much-talked-about topic.
C. It is helpful to popularize science.
D. It dominates the mainstream pop culture.
2. What do the underlined words in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Out of date.
B. Out of place.
C. Out of nowhere.
D. Out of question.
3. According to the opponents, the basic standard of fundamental physics is that .
A. it can be detected somehow
B. it can be reasoned logically
C. it can be interpreted philosophically
D. it can be predicted by mathematical equations
4. What might be the author's attitude toward the multiverse
A. Doubtful. B. Dismissive. C. Unclear. D. Approving.
答案
1. A 2. C 3. A 4. D
3 三年模拟 (2024云南一模) 主题：冒险精神
Growing up on a farm, Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams. She 1 herself as an ambitious and adventurous child and owes the Duke of Edinburgh's Award to her love for 2 . James says she could never have 3 that one day she might be the youngest British woman to 4 the peak of Mount Qomolangma.
Today, James is a(n) 5 adventurer. Alongside her successful climb of the world's 6 peak in 2007, she was a member of the first all-female team to 7 a tiring 360-mile ski race to the Magnetic North Pole in 2005, and in 2014 she set the 8 for the longest non-stop open-sea kayak crossing in UK waters.
Yet ahead of her first exploration at the age of 18, James had 9 her ability to last a month out in the cold without the comfort of a hot bath. “It's only by 10 our comfort zone that we understand our true potential,” she explains. “That's when the 11 happens.”
James encourages would-be adventurers not to be 12 by the conventional image of the rugged(粗犷的), hardy explorer. “I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring 13 to an exploration,” she adds. “Sometimes, it's only out in the field that someone's 14 talents emerge, 15 in the process of exploration.”
1. A. describes B. admits C. imagines D. praises
2. A. wildlife B. science C. exploration D. competition
3. A. explained B. understood C. declared D. predicted
4. A. measure B. approach C. admire D. reach
5. A. patient B. ordinary C. professional D. honest
6. A. coldest B. highest C. prettiest D. straightest
7. A. complete B. coach C. judge D. cancel
8. A. record B. date C. goal D. standard
9. A. lost B. doubted C. limited D. developed
10. A. entering B. restoring C. leaving D. expanding
11. A. emergency B. accident C. event D. magic
12. A. pushed ahead B. kept apart C. cheered up D. put off
13. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
14. A. academic B. creative C. hidden D. artistic
15. A. eventually B. particularly C. generally D. obviously
答案
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
组合练三:阅读& 语法填空
1 三年模拟 (2024山东省实验中学第一次诊断考试,C) 主题：宇宙探索
On Dec 4, 2022, Chinese astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The astronauts were in orbit for 183 days, during which they oversaw the completion of China's Tiangong space station and several life science experiments.They returned with the world's first rice seeds produced in orbit, a feat that allows scientists to examine the effects of microgravity on rice growth so as to find a sustainable food source for long-term space explorations.
One such experiment involved reproducing the entire life cycle of rice for the first time in space. It began with selecting rice seeds carefully,which were then nurtured and monitored as they hatched into seedlings. The astronauts diligently tended to these delicate young plants, which grew into mature plants producing new seeds. It began on July 29,2022, and after 120 days in orbit they successfully produced new space grains.
The new seeds, along with other bio-samples, have been delivered to the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing. They will also be transferred to labs in Shanghai for further research. The institute said researchers would conduct microbiology and cellular analysis to better understand how microgravity affects these plants on a molecular(分子的) level. This would provide key insights on creating new crops that are more adaptive to the space environment.
Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said seeds are crucial for growing new crops and supporting humanity's long-term survival in space.
While more research is in the pipeline, Zheng said scientists have already noticed several interesting differences between rice grown on Earth and that grown in space.For instance, the flowering period for the space rice begins slightly earlier than rice planted on Earth. Flowering is a crucial stage for plant reproductive development. “The stems for the space rice are also looser, with the dwarf rice variety becoming shorter while the tall shoot rice variety experiencing no change in height,” she added.
1. Why were the rice experiments conducted in space
A. To gain a thorough insight into the space environment.
B. To find a long-lasting food supply for space exploration.
C. To collect diverse space rice seeds for space research.
D. To explore the impact of microgravity on plants in space.
2. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3
A. The experiment process.
B. The research procedures.
C. The current new findings.
D. The exploration duration.
3. How did the researchers handle the newly acquired seeds
A. By preserving them in a secure facility.
B. By shipping them to labs for further analysis.
C. By studying their adaptability to microgravity.
D. By assessing their growth under controlled conditions.
4. What conclusion can be drawn from Zheng's words
A. More advanced research methods are in great demand.
B. Potential application of the research results is promising.
C. Space rice varieties commonly suffer decreases in height.
D. Distinctions between Earth rice and space rice are evident.
答案
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D
2 五年高考 (2020全国Ⅰ) 主题：太空探索
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—1. (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2. (extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3. it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4. (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 5. the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7. (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8. (construct).” Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9. ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10. (it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
答案
1. touched 2. extremely 3. where 4. interest 5. than 6. to find 7. means
8. is constructed 9. much 10. its
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