Unit 4 Natural Disasters—人教版(2019)必修第一册单元检测卷
(100分)
一、语法填空(共10小题，每小题4分)
1. The floods ________ (destroy) a large number of houses and left many people homeless last month.
2. The ________ (injure) were sent to the nearest hospital immediately after the accident.
3. We should take measures to prevent the environment from ________ (pollute).
4. The typhoon was so ________ (power) that it blew down many trees.
5. It's reported that the earthquake ________ (measure) 7.0 on the Richter scale.
6. He was ________ (extreme) tired after working for a whole day without a break.
7. The government provided the victims with food and ________ (shelter).
8. We should raise people's ________ (aware) of environmental protection.
9. The volunteers are busy ________ (help) the people affected by the natural disaster.
10. ________ (judge) from his expression, he must be very angry.
二、阅读理解(共4小题，每小题5分)
A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire that burns in wildland vegetation, often in rural areas. Wildfires can burn acres of land and consume everything in their path, including trees, homes, and even people.
Wildfires are usually caused by human activities or natural factors. Human - caused wildfires can result from campfires left unattended, cigarettes thrown away carelessly, or equipment malfunctions. Natural causes include lightning strikes and volcanic eruptions.
In recent years, the frequency and intensity of wildfires have increased in many parts of the world. This is mainly due to climate change. Rising temperatures, droughts, and strong winds create favorable conditions for wildfires to start and spread quickly.
Wildfires have a significant impact on the environment. They can destroy habitats, kill wildlife, and release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. In addition, wildfires can also threaten human lives and property. Evacuations are often necessary to keep people safe from the advancing flames.
However, wildfires also play a role in nature. Some plants have adapted to the fire - prone environment and rely on wildfires to germinate their seeds, clear out competing vegetation, and recycle nutrients in the soil.
11. What can we learn about wildfires from the text
A. They are always caused by human activities.
B. They only burn trees and do no harm to humans.
C. They can be both harmful and beneficial to nature.
D. They have decreased in frequency in recent years.
12. What is the main cause of the increased frequency of wildfires
A. More campfires.
B. Climate change.
C. More volcanic eruptions.
D. More lightning strikes.
13. What does the underlined word “germinate” in the last paragraph mean
A. Die.
B. Burn.
C. Grow.
D. Disappear.
14. In which section of a newspaper can this text be found
A. Entertainment.
B. Sports.
C. Science.
D. Health.
三、七选五(共5小题，每小题5分)
Natural disasters can be terrifying and destructive. However, there are ways to stay safe during different types of natural disasters.
15.________. When a flood warning is issued, it's important to move to higher ground immediately. Avoid walking or driving through floodwaters, as they can be deeper and more powerful than they appear. If you're in a car and encounter floodwaters, abandon the car and seek higher ground on foot.
16.________. During an earthquake, if you're indoors, stay away from windows, glass doors, and anything that could fall. Take cover under a sturdy piece of furniture, such as a table or desk. If you're outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
17.________. Wildfires can spread quickly. If you're in an area at risk of wildfires, have an evacuation plan in place. Know the evacuation routes and stay informed about the fire situation through local news or official alerts. If a wildfire approaches, cover your nose and mouth with a damp cloth to avoid inhaling smoke and follow the evacuation orders.
18.________. Tornadoes are extremely dangerous. If you hear a tornado warning, seek shelter immediately. The best place to be is in a basement or a storm cellar. If you don't have access to a basement, go to an interior room on the lowest floor, such as a bathroom or a closet, and cover yourself with a mattress or blankets.
19.________. Hurricanes bring strong winds, heavy rain, and storm surges. If a hurricane is approaching, secure your home by boarding up windows and bringing in outdoor furniture. Evacuate if ordered to do so. If you stay at home, stay away from windows and listen to the radio or TV for updates.
A. Prepare for wildfires.
B. Keep safe during floods.
C. Be ready for tornadoes.
D. Protect yourself during earthquakes.
E. Know how to deal with hurricanes.
F. Stay calm during natural disasters.
G. Follow the evacuation orders in time.
四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分)
A landslide is a natural disaster that can cause great damage. One day, a small village was facing the threat of a landslide. The rain had been pouring down for days, and the hillside near the village was becoming unstable.
The villagers were 20________. Old Mr. Smith, who had lived in the village for decades, knew that something bad was going to happen. He 21________ went around the village, warning everyone to leave their homes and move to a safe place.
Some villagers didn't believe him at first. They thought it was just a 22________ rainstorm and there was no need to panic. But Mr. Smith didn't give up. He 23________ explained the danger of the landslide and showed them the signs of the unstable hillside.
Finally, most of the villagers decided to follow Mr. Smith's advice. They 24________ their important things and started to move. Just as they were leaving, they heard a loud noise. The hillside 25________ and a large amount of soil and rocks rushed down towards the village.
Thanks to Mr. Smith's 26________, the villagers were all safe. The village was badly damaged, but 27________ lost their lives. After the landslide, the villagers 28________ together. They started to clean up the debris and rebuild their homes. With the help of the government and volunteers, they worked hard day and night.
29________, the village gradually recovered. The new houses were built stronger, and the villagers learned a lesson from this 30________. They realized the importance of being prepared for natural disasters.
20. A. excited B. worried C. angry D. surprised
21. A. quickly B. slowly C. quietly D. suddenly
22. A. common B. special C. strange D. terrible
23. A. rudely B. patiently C. secretly D. loudly
24. A. left B. sold C. packed D. burned
25. A. rose B. disappeared C. moved D. collapsed
26. A. help B. money C. warning D. courage
27. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one
28. A. worked B. played C. lived D. studied
29. A. Sadly B. Luckily C. Unluckily D. Surprisingly
30. A. accident B. experience C. story D. event
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1. 答案：destroyed
解析：根据时间状语last month可知，句子时态为一般过去时，所以用destroy的过去式destroyed。
2. 答案：injured
解析：“the +形容词”表示一类人，the injured意为“受伤的人” 。
3. 答案：being polluted
解析：prevent...from doing sth.表示“阻止……做某事”，且environment与pollute之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式being polluted。
4. 答案：powerful
解析：so +形容词+that...表示“如此……以至于……”，power的形容词形式为powerful，意为“强大的；强有力的”。
5. 答案：measured
解析：此处measure表示“测量；量得”，地震“测量”这个动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时measured。
6. 答案：extremely
解析：修饰形容词tired要用副词，extreme的副词形式为extremely，意为“极其；非常”。
7. 答案：shelters
解析：shelter作“避难所”讲时是可数名词，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式shelters。
8. 答案：awareness
解析：名词所有格people's后要接名词，aware的名词形式为awareness，意为“意识”。
9. 答案：helping
解析：be busy doing sth.表示“忙于做某事”，所以用help的动名词形式helping。
10. 答案：Judging
解析：judging from/by...为固定短语，意为“根据……判断”，在句中作状语。
二、阅读理解
11. 答案：C
解析：根据文章内容，野火既会破坏栖息地、威胁人类生命财产安全，又对一些植物的生长有帮助，所以对自然既有害又有益，C选项正确。A选项，野火也可能由自然因素引起；B选项，野火会威胁人类生命；D选项，近年来野火的频率增加了，所以A、B、D错误。
12. 答案：B
解析：文章提到“In recent years, the frequency and intensity of wildfires have increased in many parts of the world. This is mainly due to climate change.”，所以野火频率增加的主要原因是气候变化，B选项正确。
13. 答案：C
解析：根据语境“Some plants have adapted to the fire - prone environment and rely on wildfires to germinate their seeds”，可知野火对一些植物有帮助，种子应该是在野火的作用下“生长”，germinate意为“发芽；生长”，C选项正确。
14. 答案：C
解析：文章主要介绍了野火的相关知识，属于科学范畴，所以可能出现在报纸的科学板块，C选项正确。
三、七选五
15. 答案：B
解析：该段主要讲述洪水来临时的应对措施，所以小标题应为“Keep safe during floods.”，B选项正确。
16. 答案：D
解析：此段围绕地震时室内外的安全做法展开，“Protect yourself during earthquakes.”符合段落主旨，D选项正确。
17. 答案：A
解析：该段主要讲野火相关的应对准备，“Prepare for wildfires.”能概括段落内容，A选项正确。
18. 答案：C
解析：这段内容是关于龙卷风来临时如何寻找安全的躲避场所，“Be ready for tornadoes.”合适，C选项正确。
19. 答案：E
解析：该段讲述飓风来临时家庭防护和应对的方法，“Know how to deal with hurricanes.”符合，E选项正确。
四、完形填空
20. 答案：B
解析：村庄面临山体滑坡的威胁，村民们应该是“担忧的”，worried符合语境，B选项正确。
21. 答案：A
解析：Mr. Smith知道要发生不好的事，所以应该是“迅速地”在村里四处奔走警告大家，quickly符合，A选项正确。
22. 答案：A
解析：一些村民一开始不相信他，认为只是一场“普通的”暴雨，没必要惊慌，common符合，A选项正确。
23. 答案：B
解析：Mr. Smith没有放弃，应该是“耐心地”解释山体滑坡的危险，patiently符合，B选项正确。
24. 答案：C
解析：村民们决定听从建议，应该是“收拾”重要物品然后离开，pack意为“收拾；打包”，C选项正确。
25. 答案：D
解析：根据语境，山坡应该是“坍塌”了，大量土石冲向村庄，collapse意为“坍塌”，D选项正确。
26. 答案：C
解析：多亏了Mr. Smith的“警告”，村民们才安全，warning符合，C选项正确。
27. 答案：D
解析：村庄受损严重，但“没有人”失去生命，no one符合，D选项正确。
28. 答案：A
解析：山体滑坡后，村民们一起“工作”，清理废墟并重建家园，work符合，A选项正确。
29. 答案：B
解析：村庄逐渐恢复，这是幸运的事，luckily符合，B选项正确。
30. 答案：B
解析：村民们从这次“经历”中学到了教训，experience符合，B选项正确 。

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