人教版（2019）高一英语下学期期中达标测评卷（B卷）
分值：150分 时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why was Benson in the hospital yesterday
A. His baby got ill.
B. He looked after his daughter.
C. He went to take his medicine.
2. In what way will the woman check out
A. By WeChat. B. By Alipay. C. In cash.
3. What does the woman's sister probably do
A. She's a teacher.
B. She is a student.
C. She is a coffee shop owner.
4. What does the man want to buy for his wife
A. Fruits. B. Perfume. C. Flowers.
5. What is the man probably doing now
A. He is doing business.
B. He is having an interview.
C. He is sharing his working experience.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of movie is Imagination
A. Action movie. B. Comedy. C. Science-fiction.
7. What time do the speakers meet at the movie theatre
A. At 9:15 p. m. B. At 9:30 p. m. C. At 9:45 p. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers discussing
A. A neighborhood recycling project.
B. An environment-friendly material.
C. A garbage separating job in a school.
9. What does the man decide to do
A. Ask the school children for help.
B. Hire someone to do the separating job.
C. Have separate containers clearly marked.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What relation is the man to the woman
A. Her schoolmate.
B. Her teacher.
C. Her brother.
11. Why didn't the woman take job guidance last year
A. It was full.
B. She didn't like it.
C. She was too busy.
12. Where will the woman go
A. To the dining hall.
B. To the library.
C. To the classroom.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What did the man do last night
A. He practised soccer.
B. He watched the Olympic Games.
C. He saw some great athletes training.
14. What sport does the woman like best
A. Running. B. Badminton. C. Tennis.
15. What does the woman say about the man
A. He plays soccer well.
B. He should train every day.
C. He will join the soccer team soon.
16. What will the woman do next
A. Have some training.
B. Watch a soccer game.
C. Give the man some advice.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the talk mainly about
A. Ways of saving energy.
B. The history of Daylight Saving Time.
C. The role of Daylight-Saving Time in wartime.
18. When are clocks set back an hour in the United States
A. In the spring. B. In the summer. C. In the autumn.
19. What was people's opinion about Benjamin's plan for Daylight Saving Time at first
A. Clever. B. Confusing. C. Ridiculous.
20. When were the beginning and ending dates of Daylight-Saving Time fixed in the U.S.
A. In the 1960's. B. In the 1790's. C. During World War Ⅱ
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lonely Planet's Top Places to Go in 2024
Are you looking for inspiration for your next travel destination Lonely Planet has published its yearly list of top places to go. Whether you're looking for adventure, culture, or value, there's something for every type of traveler. Let's explore the top picks for travel destinations in 2024.
Top City: Nairobi
Nairobi, the Kenyan capital, was chosen for its unique music and dance culture, and impressive local restaurants. Nairobi National Park, just a short drive out of the city's central business district, is a must-see, where visitors can see over-400 species wandering the open grass plains while skyscrapers twinkle on the horizon.
Top Country: Mongolia
Mongolia is loved for its wide-open spaces, adventure activities, and unique food. The Mongolian government has announced 2023 through. 2025: as: the "Years to Visit Mongolia", easing entry conditions for international travelers and improving public facilities, including a new $ 650 million airport.
Top Sustainable Travel Destination: Spain
The publisher also recommended Spain for the country's efforts to expand renewable energy, to develop off-season travel, and to bring tourism to new destinations, such as the port city of Valencia, easing pressures on hot spots such as Barcelona.
Top Best-Value Location: The American Midwest
The American Midwest, including the cities of Chicago and Detroit, is also on the list, as it offers a high-quality travel experience at a reasonable cost. Visitors can enjoy excellent services and facilities. such as old warehouses transformed into art studios, new eco-design hotels, and Michelin-starred restaurants, without having to spend too much money.
Top Beach Destination: Donegal
Donegal Ireland's most northwestern county, has the country's longest coastline and over 100 beaches, where visitors can enjoy the highest sea cliffs in Europe and miles of beautiful coastal hiking trails.
21. What can people do in Nairobi National Park
A. Enjoy adventure activities. B. Taste local delicious cuisine.
C. See various wild animals. D. Appreciate musical performances.
22. Why is The American Midwest considered to be the Best-Value Location
A. It has simplified entry procedures. B. It offers cost-effective experiences.
C. It combines art with natural scenery. D. It provides good transportation services.
23. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To entertain. B. To analyse. C. To inform. D. To report.
B
Each year on October 15, Global Handwashing Day is observed to strengthen the health awareness and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. And a hand—shaped robot called "Pepe", which encourages kids to wash their hands, has helped pupils at a remote Indian primary school to develop habits of personal hygiene (卫生).
Pepe was fixed on the wall above a hand—washing station at Wayanad Government Primary School in Kerala, which has about 100 pupils aged 5 and 10. A small video screen behind the green plastic Pepe acted as a "mouth", allowing researchers to tele—operate the robot to speak to the pupils and draw their attention to the poster outlining the steps of effective hand—washing. A set of moving "eyes" helped Pepe pay attention to the children's actions.
The robot helped pupils wash their hands more effectively, increasing their rates of hand—washing by 40 percent. Pupils spent twice as long washing their hands after Pepe's arrival. And more than 95% of the students could correctly determine when hand—washing with soap has to be done—before a meal and after a visit to the toilet.
Hand—washing is one of the most effective ways against the spread of diarrhea and respiratory infections. Dr. Amol Deshmukh, from the University of Glasgow's School of Computing Science, led the project in partnership with colleagues from Amrita University. He said, "We were delighted by the success of Pepe's visit to this primary school. The children were excited to interact with this relatively simple machine, which was clearly good for keeping their hands clean. Dr. Bhavani from Amrita University said," AMMACHI (Amrita Multi Modal Application and Computer Human Interaction) Labs have taken multi plans to address common challenges facing low—income rural communities in India and worldwide using technology."
24. Why was "Pepe" fixed at the Primary School
A. To watch on pupil' actions. B. To wash children's hands.
C. To freshen the environment. D. To develop children's health habits.
25. How did the robot bring changes to the pupils
A. By playing with pupils. B. By providing knowledge.
C. By offering pupils soap. D. By washing pupils' hands.
26. What can you learn about Pepe's visit to the primary school
A. It was a failure. B. It had no effect.
C. It was a success. D. It was a waste of time.
27. What does the underlined word "address" in the last paragraph mean
A. deal with. B. write a place on. C. make a speech to. D. speak to.
C
Do you want to ensure your child hits their expected developmental milestones New UBC research suggests living in areas with high exposure to green space can help set them up for success.
For the study, the researchers at UBC analyzed the developmental scores of 27,372 children in Metro Vancouver who attended kindergarten between 2005 and 2011. They estimated the amount of green space around each child's residence from birth to age five. They also assessed levels of traffic-related air pollution and community noise.
The results highlight the fundamental importance of natural green spaces like street trees, parks and community gardens. "Most of the children were doing well in their development, in terms of language skills, cognitive (认知的) capacity, socialization and other outcomes, "says Ingrid Jarvis, a PhD candidate in the department of forest and conservation sciences at UBC. "But what's interesting is that those children living in a residential location with more vegetation and richer natural environments showed better overall development than their peers with less green space."
According to the researchers, the reason for this is partly green spaces' ability to reduce the harmful effects of air pollution and noise—environmental challenges that have been shown to adversely (不利地) affect children's health and development through increased stress, sleep disturbances and central nervous system damage. "Few studies have investigated this pathway linking green space and developmental outcomes among children," adds Jarvis.
The researchers assessed early childhood development using the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a survey completed by kindergarten teachers for each child. The tool measures a child's ability to meet age-appropriate developmental expectations.
"More research is needed, but our findings suggest that urban planning efforts to increase green space in residential neighbourhoods and around schools are beneficial for early childhood development, with potential health benefits throughout life, "says the study's senior author Matilda Bosch. "Time in nature can benefit everyone, but if we want our children to have a good head start, it's important to provide an enriching environment through nature contact."
28. Which is a key factor in the researchers' study
A. The kids' scores from school exams.
B. The average IQ score of the subjects.
C. The green space where the kids lived.
D. The air pollution level of the whole city.
29. What's the message implied in Paragraph 4
A. Air pollution is largely to blame for kids' failures.
B. Kids living in a noisy area tend to feel more stressed.
C. Pollution harms kids' nervous system more than noise.
D. Greenspace is directly linked to kids' mental development.
30. What does Matilda Bosch stress in the last paragraph
A. The importance of nature in kids' growth
B. The role of research in scientific work.
C. The proper way of giving a good start to kids.
D. The urgency of expanding greenspace in cities.
31. What could be a suitable title for the text
A. What Are the Health Effects of Noise Pollution
B. Green Spaces: A guarantee for Kids' Future Success
C. Urban Green Space and Its Impact on Human Health
D. Time in Nature Aids Early Childhood Development
D
Do you need to throw your smart phone away to live your best life Not necessarily, according to researchers from Ruhr Universitat Bochum who suggest that we could all benefit from cutting down on screen time—just only a little bit time.
On average, we spend more than three hours a day glued to our smart phone screens. Between social media, news feeds, endless video games, and an app for pretty much everything else, there's always something to draw our attention. In recent years, studies have blamed smart phones for modern problems ranging from rising anxiety rates to neck pain. It begs the question: Are people all really better off switching back to landlines(座机)
"The smart phone is both a blessing and a curse," says the study leader Dr. Julia Brailovskaia, whose team set out to answer that question by gathering together 619 volunteers, hoping to know how much the smart phone is good for us. Two hundred people put their smart phones completely aside for a week; 226 reduced the amount of time they used the device by one hour a day; 193 people didn't change anything in their behavior.
Researchers interviewed each person about both their overall lifestyle habits and well-being four months later after the experimental week ended. "We found that both completely giving up the smart phone and reducing its daily use by one hour had positive effects on the well-being of the participants," as Brailovskaia sums up the upshots. Notably, changing their smart phone habits for just one week appeared to produce lasting outcomes among subjects. Even four months afterward, participants who were told to avoid using their smart phones totally were using their phones for an average of 38 minutes less per day.
Meanwhile, the "one hour less" group were using their phones as much as 45 minutes less per day after four months. This group also showed improved life satisfaction, more exercise, and less depression.
"It's not necessary to completely give up the smart phone to feel better." Brailovskaia concludes.
32. What's the purpose of Paragraph 2
A. To answer the question on the smart phones.
B. To explain why the experiment was done.
C. To state disadvantages of the experiment.
D. To stress the benefits of smart phones.
33. What did the researchers do to the volunteers before testing them
A. They trained them. B. They interviewed them.
C. They gave them a physical exam. D. They divided them into groups.
34. Which word can replace the underlined word "upshots" in Paragraph 4
A. Purposes. B. Reasons. C. Results. D. Doubts.
35. Where can we read this passage
A. In a newspaper. B. In a chemical report.
C. In a biography. D. In a sports magazine.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you want to greatly improve your results in whatever goal you are trying to obtain, there is one thing you can do to make this happen. 36 By understanding this, you will see just why the method I am going to tell will work so well.
Normally when people set a goal, the excitement is high and the energy level is plentiful. 37 This is great, but what normally happens after a few weeks or months is that they start going into a passive state of mind. Basically, their intensity level drops sharply and they find themselves less passionate about obtaining their goals. So to greatly improve your results, you must increase your intensity.
38 If you've ever played a sport where you compete with your opponent, you will notice that often you can defeat a person with more skills than you by simply playing at a higher intensity level than they are playing.
I have experienced this myself many times playing various sports. For some reason, whenever I compete with someone who I know is better than me, my intensity level goes through the roof. 39 The odd thing is that even if they are more skilled than me, I sometimes find myself being able to beat them or at least come very close. In contrast, when I compete with someone who I know I can beat, my intensity level is usually a lot lower.
40 If you want to greatly improve your results in achieving your goals, you need to increase your intensity, and the way you do that is by seeing yourself as the underdog. When you pursue your goals with that kind of intensity compared to going at it in a passive manner, you will greatly increase your odds of obtaining your goals.
A. Here's what I am getting at.
B. Let's look at an example of this in the world of sports.
C. So they go out and start taking massive amounts of action.
D. It's the voice inside of you that screams, "I will not back down!"
E. I will go all out just to be able to keep up with their level of play.
F. Before I get into that though, let's take a look at how most people try to achieve their goals.
G. However, you can still increase your intensity simply to achieve your goals in the first place.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For long, a question disturbed a little boy. He couldn't understand why his next-desk-pal (同伴) could rank first whenever he wanted to, while he himself 41 to.
At home, he asked his Mom, "Mom, am I more stupid than 42 I feel I study as hard as him, but why do I 43 lay behind " Staring at him, she went 44 , not knowing how to explain.
She felt an impulse (冲动) to say, "You are too 45 . You are not really as hard-working as others…" but she stopped 46 she knew her son was suffering from the pains of 47 grades and rankings. She thought it cruel to add any additional burden to his son and was trying to find out a 48 answer.
Time went by quickly, the son finished primary school. Despite studying harder and better, he was still unable to 49 his pal. To show her pride of him, Mom decided to take him to the sea. During the trip, she managed to give out a(n) 50 .
Now, the son no longer worries about his rankings, because, with the first ranking, he was 51 to Harvard University.
Back home in winter vacation, he was invited to give a speech to the students and parents in his high school. In the speech, he mentioned a(n) 52 experience in his childhood. "When my mother and I were lying on the beach, she pointed to the front and said, 'Do you see the seabirds flying for food over there " When the 53 come near, little birds can escape quickly while "clumsy" (笨拙的) seagulls would take more 54 to complete the process. However, have you noticed birds that 55 fly across the endless ocean are none other than "clumsy" seagulls
A. refused B. decided C. failed D. afforded
A. the other B. others C. other D. another
A. always B. never C. hardly D. seldom
A. wrong B. bored C. crazy D. wordless
A. lazy B. young C. clever D. energetic
A. although B. before C. because D. unless
A. adopting B. surprising C. doubting D. unsatisfying
A. natural B. harmonious C. perfect D. ordinary
A. keep up with B. come across C. turn to D. get through
A. lantern B. answer C. moment D. riddle
A. invited B. admitted C. welcomed D. reflected
A. boring B. valuable C. evil D. common
A. wave B. food C. wind D. day
A. space B. luck C. money D. time
A. suddenly B. immediately C. finally D. gradually
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As China rings in the Year of the Ox, President Xi Jinping has urged promoting "the spirit of the ox" in pursuit of 56 (full) building a modern socialist China. Xi repeated the spirit of the ox in his Spring Festival greetings to all Chinese on behalf of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Wednesday.
In China, the ox is the 57 (two) sign in the Chinese zodiac cycle, 58 (represent) by 12 animals: rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. The ox has always been considered 59 important animal as they help cultivate the fields. "In Chinese culture, the ox is a symbol of diligence, dedication, endeavor and 60 (strong)," Xi said. Stressing the virtues of modesty and prudence, Xi called for efforts 61 (achieve) the second centenary goal and the great rejuvenation (复兴) of the Chinese nation, and make new and 62 (great) contributions to the noble causes of securing peace and development for all mankind.
Despite complicated international and domestic situations in 2020, China has made major strategic achievements in the fight 63 the COVID-19 pandemic, conquered serious floods and achieved positive economic growth. The country 64 (lift) nearly 100 million rural poor out of poverty over the past eight years, securing a decisive victory in ending absolute poverty. These hard-won, remarkable achievements would not have been attained without the spirit of the ox, 65 will play a more important role in the year 2021 as China strives to achieve rural vitalization, implement a new development paradigm and deepen reform and opening-up.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华，最近你得知动物保护协会（Animal Protection Society）正在招募野生动物保护宣传志愿者，你很想加入，请你用英语写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 期盼回复。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was never very neat. Later in life I learned to attribute (把……归因于) this shortcoming to my creative genius, saying that my disorganization was simply the side of my unique gifts and talents. Yet, back at high school, I hadn't come up with any impressive reasons for my big mess.
As fate would have it, my teacher paired me with Kim as my roommate. I'm not sure why he stuck us together. I don't think he could have possibly picked two more different people to room together. Kim was extremely organized. She labeled everything and each item she owned had its place. Well, I think my bits and pieces of paper, odds and ends (零碎物品) would find their ways into places automatically. And apparently, my roommate didn't seem to be on the same page with me.
As time went by, she got neater, while I got messier. She would complain about my dirty clothes. I would complain about Lysol (杀菌消毒剂) headaches She would push gently my clothing over to one side and I would lay one of my books on her tidy desk.
One October evening, things got ugly. Kim came into the room and lost her temper right away after seeing one of my shoes had found its way beneath her bed. She picked it up, cast it towards my side of the room angrily and managed to knock the layer of clothes onto the floor (by the way, I had planned to fold them later). I jumped off the bed and immediately started yelling about her rudeness. She yelled back, "Look at the mess you've made! Could you at least clean up your own table! "I was sitting on my bed, fuming (发怒) . She was sitting on hers, fuming. The room was thick with anger. It could have ended up with a violent fight if it hadn't been for the phone call she received.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
She picked the phone up and I could tell it was bad news from her family. __________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
I found myself lost for words and I decided to do something._____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 听力
1.答案：B
解析：W: Zachary, you know what I saw Benson in the hospital yesterday. Do you know what's wrong with him
M: Oh, his daughter just had a baby. He was taking care of her.
2.答案：C
解析：M: Eight items, $499 in total. How are you going to pay the bill, Alipay or WeChat Pay
W: Can I pay in cash
M: Certainly. You can pay in any way as you wish.
W: Thanks a lot.
3.答案：C
解析：W: Good morning, Mr. Adams. I am surprised to see you outside the school.
M: I'm surprised to see you too, Daisy. What are you doing in this coffee shop
W: I'm helping my sister deal with online orders. She is shorthanded now.
4.答案：B
解析：M: I am looking for something for my wife. She likes the sweet smell of flowers, except for roses.
W: I get it. We have gift sets of various perfumes and we are currently running at a special price. Let me show you what we have lemon and orange blossom perfume.
5.答案：B
解析：W: Please tell me something about yourself.
M: My name is John and I have over eight years of experience in this industry. My strong points include business development and training. I hope I have opportunity to further develop these skills in your company.
6.答案：C
解析：M: Hey, Sara, This is Bill. Do you still feel like going to a movie tonight
W: Sure. What movie should we see Are there any action movies or comedies these days
M: No. I heard that Imagination is very good.
W: I think it's a science fiction movie.
M: Yeah. That's my favourite type of movie.
W: Where's it playing
M: It's at the AMC Lincoln Square 13 on Broadway. Do you want to see an early one or a late one
W: I'd prefer a late one. How about you
M: Either is fine. Hold on a minute. I'll check the listings online. There is one starting at 9:45 p.m. How about meeting at the theatre 30 minutes earlier
W: Sure. That's great. See you tonight.
M: See you later.
7.答案：A
8.答案：A
解析：W: Dad, I see the neighbourhood group will start recycling some of the garbage we usually throw away.
M: I think everyone should know how to protect the environment. But we've met one problem. How do we separate all the different materials Nobody has time to spend doing the job.
W: We were talking about something like that in the school the other day. Let everybody help. Have separate containers clearly marked for each type of garbage.
M: Why didn't we think of that Thanks a lot.
9.答案：C
10.答案：A
解析：W: Hi, what are you doing these days
M: I'm busy choosing courses. But I really do not know which one to choose, and in the end, I have chosen a course named job guidance.
W: I think that's a good idea. Last year, I planned to choose this course, but it was full, so I missed it. I think you had better learn it well. It'll be good for your future.
M: Thanks for your suggestion. It's time for class. Do you have any class today
W: Well, I do have a lecture today, but it was canceled. So I'm going to the library to borrow some books. How about having lunch together
M: OK. But I have to go now. See you then.
11.答案：A
12.答案：B
13.答案：B
解析：W: Hi, Don. Did you watch the Olympic Games last night
M: Yeah. Those people are really in good condition. Did you notice that
W: I understand they train every day for a long time before the Games.
M: They have to, in order to be in good shape.
W: I try to exercise a lot but I'm not as good as those athletes.
M: What kind of sport do you like
W: I like to play tennis and badminton, but what I like best is running and I'm going to be on the women's team next year.
M: Hey, that's cool! I like playing soccer and I'm going to try for the soccer team.
W: I watched you practise the other day. I think you're good.
M: Aw, I'm not that good.
W: I'm going to practise now. Want to watch Maybe you could give me some advice.
M: Sure, glad to.
14.答案：A
15.答案：A
16.答案：A
17.答案：B
解析：M: Good afternoon, everyone. Today I'd like to give a brief introduction to Daylight Saving Time. Twice a year, all the clocks in the United States are changed by one hour. In the spring, clocks are moved ahead an hour. This is called Daylight Saving Time. In the fall, clocks are set back an hour to standard time. People remember how to change their clocks by remembering this saying: Spring forward, fall back. It seems Benjamin Franklin was the first person to put forward the idea of Daylight Saving Time, back in the1790's. At the time, people thought he was joking. They couldn't believe he was serious. Many years later, during World War I, people realized what a clever idea he'd had. In the spring and summer, the sun rises earlier. By moving the clock ahead, people can take advantage of the extra daylight and save energy. Energy is important, of course, especially during wartime. The United States operated on Daylight Saving Time during World War I and again during World War IⅡ. After that, some parts of the country followed Daylight Saving Time and some didn't. Beginning and ending dates were different from place to place. This confusing situation ended in1966, when the Uniform Time Act was passed, which made the beginning and ending dates of Daylight Saving Time fixed. Since then, some lawmakers have suggested that the United States go to year-round Daylight Saving Time.
18.答案：C
19.答案：C
20.答案：A
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
21.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Top City: Nairobi部分中"Nairobi National Park, just a short drive out of the city's central business district, is a must-see, where visitors can see over-400 species wandering the open grass plains while skyscrapers twinkle on the horizon.(内罗毕国家公园，离城市的中央商务区只有很短的车程，是一个不容错过的地方，在那里游客可以看到400多种野生动物在开阔的草原上游荡，摩天大楼在地平线上闪闪发光)"可知，在内罗毕国家公园，人们可以看到各种不同种类的野生动物。故选C项。
22.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Top Best-Value Location: The American Midwest部分中"The American Midwest, including the cities of Chicago and Detroit, is also on the list, as it offers a high-quality travel experience at a reasonable cost.(包括芝加哥和底特律在内的美国中西部城市也榜上有名，因为它以合理的成本提供了高质量的旅行体验)"可知，美国中西部被认为是最有价值的地方是因为它提供了高性价比的旅行体验。故选B项。
23.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"Are you looking for inspiration for your next travel destination Lonely Planet has published its yearly list of top places to go. Whether you're looking for adventure, culture, or value, there's something for every type of traveler. Let's explore the. top picks for travel destinations in 2024.(你在为下一个旅游目的地寻找灵感吗？《孤独星球》日前公布了年度最佳旅游目的地榜单。无论你是在寻找冒险、文化还是价值，都有适合每种类型的旅行者的东西。让我们来探索一下。2024年旅游目的地的最佳选择)"可知，本文的主要目的是介绍了四个2024年最佳旅游目的地，也就是告知读者。故选C项。
B
24.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"And a hand—shaped robot called "Pepe", which encourages kids to wash their hands, has helped pupils at a remote Indian primary school to develop habits of personal hygiene (卫生).(一个叫"Pepe"的手形机器人鼓励孩子们洗手，它帮助印度一所偏远小学的学生养成了个人卫生习惯。)"可知，这个机器人就是为了鼓励学生养成洗手的好习惯。故选D项。
25.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"A small video screen behind the green plastic Pepe acted as a "mouth", allowing researchers to tele—operate the robot to speak to the pupils and draw their attention to the poster outlining the steps of effective hand—washing. A set of moving "eyes" helped Pepe pay attention to the children's actions.(绿色塑料Pepe后面的一个小电视屏幕充当了一个"嘴"，使研究人员能够遥控机器人对学生说话，并把他们的注意力吸引到概述有效洗手步骤的海报上。一组移动的"眼睛"帮助佩佩注意孩子们的行动。)"可知，研究人员通过操控这个机器人来让学生关注墙上的海报，海报上有关于有效洗手的步骤，来告知学生如何洗手。因此可知，这个机器人是通过给学生传播一些关于洗手方面的知识来帮助学生养成勤洗手的习惯。故选B项。
26.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"The robot helped pupils wash their hands more effectively, increasing their rates of hand—washing by 40 percent. Pupils spent twice as long washing their hands after Pepe's arrival. And more than 95% of the students could correctly determine when hand—washing with soap has to be done—before a meal and after a visit to the toilet.(这个机器人帮助学生更有效地洗手，洗手率提高了40%。佩佩到来后，学生们洗手的时间增加了一倍。超过95%的学生能够正确判断何时必须用肥皂洗手——饭前和如厕后。)"可知，这个机器人的到来提高了学生的洗手率，使得学生洗手的时间增加了一倍，因此可知，它的到来是很成功的。故选C项。
27.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据最后一段的"He said, "We were delighted by the success of Pepe's visit to this primary school. The children were excited to interact with this relatively simple machine, which was clearly good for keeping their hands clean. Dr. Bhavani from Amrita University said," AMMACHI (Amrita Multi Modal Application and Computer Human Interaction) Labs have taken multi plans to address common challenges facing low—income rural communities in India and worldwide using technology."(他说："我们对佩佩访问这所小学的成功感到高兴。孩子们兴奋地与这台相对简单的机器互动，这显然有利于保持他们的手干净。Amrita大学的Bhavani博士说："AMMACHI (Amrita多模式应用和人机交互)实验室已经采取了多种计划，利用技术解决印度和全世界低收入农村社区面临的共同挑战。")"可知，机器人的到来使得学生们养成勤洗手的习惯，因此可推知，研究者们利用科技解决了一些问题、一些挑战，因此可知划线词与A项"deal with解决"意义相近。故选A项。
C
28.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"They estimated the amount of green space around each child's residence from birth to age five."可知,研究人员分析的关键数据之一就是这些孩子们居住地的绿地面积。
29.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的"air pollution and noise—environmental challenges that have been shown to adversely(不利地)affect children's health and development through increased stress..."可知,居住地的噪音会加大孩子们的心理压力。
30.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"it's important to provide an enriching environment through nature contact"可知,Matilda Bosch强调了大自然在孩子们的健康成长中所起到的重要作用。
31.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述绿地面积(大自然)对儿童健康发育成长的重要性,D项符合题意。
D
32.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的"In recent years, studies have blamed smart phones for modern problems ranging from rising anxiety rates to neck pain. It begs the question: Are people all really better off switching back to landlines (座机) (近年来，研究将焦虑率上升和颈部疼痛等现代问题归咎于智能手机。这就引出了一个问题：人们真的都回到固定电话上了吗？)"及第三段展开实验可推知，第二段的目的是解释为什么要做实验。故选B。
33.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Two hundred people put their smart phones completely aside for a week; 226 reduced the amount of time they used the device by one hour a day; 193 people didn't change anything in their behavior.(200人将智能手机完全搁置一周；226人将他们每天使用该设备的时间减少了一小时；193人的行为没有任何改变)"可知，研究人员在对志愿者进行测试之前将他们分成了几组。故选D。
34.答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。划线单词上文"We found that both completely giving up the smart phone and reducing its daily use by one hour had positive effects on the well-being of the participants(我们发现，完全放弃智能手机和减少一小时的日常使用都对参与者的幸福感产生了积极影响)"可知，Brailovskaia对上文进行的研究进行sums up"总结"，得出结论或者结果。由此可知，第四段中带下划线的单词"upshots"可以用results"后果，结果"代替。故选C。
35.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"On average, we spend more than three hours a day glued to our smart phone screens. Between social media, news feeds, endless video games, and an app for pretty much everything else, there's always something to draw our attention. In recent years, studies have blamed smart phones for modern problems ranging from rising anxiety rates to neck pain. It begs the question: Are people all really better off switching back to landlines(座机) (平均而言，我们每天花在智能手机屏幕上的时间超过三个小时。在社交媒体、新闻推送、没完没了的视频游戏和几乎所有其他事情的应用程序之间，总有一些东西吸引着我们的注意力。近年来，研究将从焦虑率上升到颈部疼痛等现代问题归咎于智能手机。这就引出了一个问题：换回固定电话真的会让人们生活得更好吗？)"结合文章主要介绍了研究人员研究发现减少屏幕时间有助于提高生活满意度，即使时间很短，同样有好处。可推知，文章可能选自报纸。故选A。
第二节
答案：FCBEA
解析：
前文 If you want to greatly improve your results in whatever goal you are trying to obtain, there is one thing you can do to make this happen. 引出实现目标的话题, 后文 By understanding this, you will see just why the method I am going to tell will work so well. 为介绍方法进行铺垫, F项 (在我开始谈论这个话题之前,让我们看看大多数人是如何实现他们的目标的) 符合语境, 提出看大多数人实现目标的方法, 承上启下, 其中的 that 指代前文的 one thing, 而后文的 this 指代 F 项中的 how most people try to achieve their goals。故选 F 项。
前文 Normally when people set a goal, the excitement is high and the energy level is plentiful. 描述人们设定目标时的兴奋,后文 This is great, but what normally happens after a few weeks or months is that they start going into a passive state of mind. 说明人们进入被动思维状态, C 项 (所以他们走出去, 开始采取大量的行动) 符合语境, 说明人们开始采取行动, 承上启下,是前文兴奋的结果, 也是后文 This 所指的内容。故选 C 项。
设空处位于段首, 应引出本段内容。后文用具体的竞技运动的例子来说明需要提高强度, B 项 (让我们来看看体育界的一个例子) 符合语境, 引出后面的例子。故选 B 项。
前文 For some reason, whenever I compete with someone who I know is better than me, my intensity level goes through the roof. 描述和更强的对手比赛时表现出的高强度,E项 (我将全力以赴, 只是为了能跟上他们的水平) 符合语境, 说明表现出高强度的目的, 承接前文, 其中的 their 指代前文的 someone who I know is better than me。故选E项。
上文中, 作者详细说明了自己在参加比赛时, 面对不同水平的对手, 自己的强度是不同的。本段中, 作者对上一段的内容加以总结, 即建议通过增加强度, 视自己为弱者去实现目标。A 项 (以下是我想要说明的) 承上启下, 自然过渡到后文对全文的总结。故选 A 项。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不明白为什么他的同桌总是能排名第一，而他自己却不能。A. refused拒绝；B. decided决定；C. failed失败；D. afforded买得起。根据上文"his next-desk-pal (同伴) could rank first whenever he wanted to"和表示对比的while可知，此处是指他不能做到总是排名第一。故选C。
答案：B
解析：考查代词词义辨析。句意：回到家，他问妈妈："妈妈，我比别人笨吗 "A. the other另一个；B. others其他人；别人；C. other别的；其他的；D. another又一；再一。由句意可知，此处是小男孩问妈妈他是否比其他人笨，应用others。the other指两者中的另一个；other是形容词，其后应接名词形式；another表示"又一；再一"。故选B。
答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我学习和他一样努力，但为什么我总是落后呢？A. always总是；B. never从不；C. hardly几乎不；D. even甚至。根据上文"I feel I study as hard as him"和表示转折意义的but可知，此处是指小男孩努力了，但总是落后。故选A。
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她盯着他，一句话也说不出来，不知道该怎么解释。A. wrong错误的；B. bored厌烦的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. wordless无言的，沉默的。根据下文"not knowing how to explain"可推知，妈妈听了小男孩的话后，不知道该说什么，沉默了。故选D。
答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她有一种冲动想说："你太懒了。你真的没有别人那么努力……但她停止了，因为她知道儿子正在为不满意的成绩和排名而痛苦。A. lazy懒惰的；B. young年轻的；C. clever聪明的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文"You are not really as hard-working as others…"可知，妈妈认为男孩很懒。故选A。
答案：C
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. although尽管；B. before在……之前；C. because因为；D. unless除非。根据下文"she knew her son was suffering from the pains of _______ grades and rankings"可知，此处是因果关系，"她知道儿子正在为不满意的成绩和排名而痛苦"是妈妈停止说那句"你太懒了。你真的没有别人那么努力"的原因。故选C。
答案：D
解析：考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. adopting采用；收养；B. surprising令人吃惊的；C. doubting不相信的；D. unsatisfying令人不满的。根据上文""Mom, am I more stupid than _______ I feel I study as hard as him, but why do I _______ lay behind "可知，男孩的分数和排名没有令他满意。故选D。
答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她认为给儿子增加任何额外的负担是残酷的，并试图找到一个完美的答案。A. natural自然的；B. harmonious和谐的；C. perfect完美的；D. ordinary普通的。根据上文"She thought it cruel to add any additional burden to his son"可知，不想给儿子增加负担，妈妈试图找到一个完美的答案。故选C。
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管他学习更努力更好，但还是跟不上他的同桌。A. keep up with紧跟；B. come across偶遇；C. turn to向……求助；D. get through度过。根据上文"but why do I _______ lay behind "可知，尽管男孩努力了，但还是跟不上同桌。故选A。
答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，她设法给出了一个答案。A. lantern灯笼；B. answer答案；C. moment片刻；瞬间；D. riddle谜。根据上文"To show her pride of him, Mom decided to take him to the sea."以及最后一段妈妈对儿子说的话可知，妈妈给出了一个答案。故选B。
答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，儿子不再担心自己的排名，因为他以第一名的成绩被哈佛大学录取了。A. invited邀请；B. admitted承认，准许进入；C. welcomed欢迎；D. reflected反映。根据下文"Back home in winter vacation, he was invited to give a speech to the students and parents in his high school."可推知，男孩因成绩优异被哈佛大学录取了，be admitted to"被……录取"。故选B。
答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在演讲中，他提到了他童年时的一段宝贵经历。A. boring枯燥的；B. valuable珍贵的；C. evil邪恶的；D. common常见的。根据上文可知，妈妈的"完美"答案解决了困扰男孩的问题，因此和妈妈去海滩的那次经历是珍贵的。故选B。
答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当海浪靠近时，体型小的鸟可以迅速逃离，而"笨拙"的海鸥则需要更多的时间来完成这一过程。A. wave波浪；B. food食物；C. wind风；D. day天。根据上文"When my mother and I were lying on the beach"可知，此处是指海浪靠近时，体型小的鸟可以快速避开浪。故选A。
答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. space空间；B. luck运气；C. money钱；D. time时间。根据上文"little birds can escape quickly"可知，此处是把体型小的鸟和笨拙的海鸥做对比，体型小的鸟可以迅速逃离，而"笨拙"的海鸥则需要更多的时间来完成这一过程。故选D。
答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，你有没有注意到，最终飞越无边无际的海洋的鸟不是别人，正是"笨拙"的海鸥 A. suddenly突然地；B. immediately立即；C. finally最后；D. gradually逐渐。结合上文对妈妈对海鸥的描述可知，虽然海鸥反应稍慢，但最终凭借毅力飞跃了无边无际的海洋。故选C。
第二节
答案：fully；second；represented；an；strength；to achieve；greater；against；has lifted；which
解析：
考查副词。句意：随着牛年的到来，国家主席习近平强调要弘扬"牛精神"，全面建设社会主义现代化中国。修饰动词 building 用副词，所给词full是形容词，其副词为fully。故填fully。
考查序数词。句意：在中国，牛是十二生肖中的第二个符号，由十二种动物代表:鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗和猪。牛位于十二生肖第二位，定冠词the修饰序数词，所以用序数词。故填second。
考查过去分词。句意：在中国，牛是十二生肖中的第二个符号，由十二种动物代表:鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗和猪。该句子的谓语是 is，所以此处填非谓语动词形式，由后面的 by 短语可知逻辑主语the Chinese zodiac cycle和represent之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填represented。
考查不定冠词。句意：牛一直被认为是一种重要的动物，因为它们帮助耕种土地。animal 为可数名词单数形式，important 为元音音素开头，此处意为"一种重要的动物"，表示泛指。故填 an。
考查名词。句意：在中国文化中，牛是勤劳、奉献、努力和力量的象征。and 表示并列关系，前面 3个词都是名词，所以变形容词为名词，strength意为"力量"，表抽象概念，不可数。故填strength。
考查动词不定式。句意：强调谦虚和谨慎的美德,Xi呼吁努力实现第二个纪念目标和中华民族的伟大复兴,并做出新的更大的贡献获得和平与发展的崇高事业为所有人类。固定短语：call for efforts to do sth."呼吁努力做某事"，其中efforts 作 call for 的宾语，空处需填动词不定式。故填to achieve。
考查形容词比较级。句意：强调谦虚和谨慎的美德,Xi呼吁努力实现第二个纪念目标和中华民族的伟大复兴,并做出新的更大的贡献获得和平与发展的崇高事业为所有人类。修饰后面的名词 contributions 应填形容词，所给词本身就是形容词，结合句意，应为"做出新的更大的贡献"，所以填比较级形式。故填greater。
考查介词。句意：2020年，在国际国内形势复杂的情况下，中国抗击新冠肺炎疫情取得重大战略成就，战胜严重洪涝灾害，经济实现正增长。根据句意，应为"与新冠疫情作斗争"。表示"反对、抵制、预防"，应该用 fight against。故填against。
考查现在完成时。句意：8年来，中国近1亿农村贫困人口脱贫，取得消除绝对贫困的决定性胜利。该句中的时间状语为"over the past eight years"通常与完成时连用，根据语境，应该用现在完成时，且单数名词The country是句子主语，所以后面的谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填has lifted。
考查定语从句。句意：这些成就来之不易、举世瞩目，离不开牛精神。到2021年，中国将在推进乡村振兴、创新发展、深化改革开放中发挥更加重要的作用。根据语境，此处应当是一个非限制性定语从句，缺主语，先行词为"the spirit of the ox"，指物。故填which。
第四部分 写作
第一节
Dear Sir/Madam
I'm Li Hua, a boy student from China, aged 15. I read the announcement that you have posted on the Internet. I would like to work for you as a volunteer.
First of all, I like animals and I know a lot about wild animals by reading books and watching videos. Second, I'm easy-going and I have no problem getting along with others easily. Third, having learned English for 10 years, I can speak fluent English, which makes it convenient for me to communicate with others. My purpose is to make more people realize the importance of protecting wild animals. I'd appreciate it if I can be accepted!
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1：
She picked the phone up and I could tell it was bad news from her family. When Kim hung up, she buried her face in her hands, her body shaking as she sobbed. Her dad was badly ill in hospital. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. I walked towards her and patted her on the back. Obviously, my pat was of little comfort. Instead, she threw herself onto the bed and cried into her pillow, sinking into her deep sorrow.
Paragraph 2：
I found myself lost for words and I decided to do something. I started to collect my odds and ends, clothes and shoes, swept the floor and tidied the table. I even cleaned her side. I was so absorbed that I didn't even notice Kim stop crying and sit up staring at me in disbelief. I stepped towards her, saying softly, "It will be OK." Kim reached her hand over to grasp mine, murmuring "Thank you." Suddenly, I realized the golden rule between friends was putting yourself into others' shoes

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