期末专练之阅读还原15篇
(名校期末真题)
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）阅读下列短文，从六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
The winter holiday is coming. There are so many things I am eager to do! 1 I have already made a plan for it!
First, I am going to return to my hometown. My hometown is in the north of China. It is very beautiful in winter. Mountains and fields are covered with snow. Everywhere is white. At the same time, I am going back to my hometown to visit my grandparents. I haven’t seen them for a long time! 2 , so I can visit my relatives and friends during the Spring Festival. 3
Second, I want to go on a trip. Because of the epidemic（疫情）, I haven’t travelled for several years. Visiting interesting places will make me relaxed. I would like to visit Shanghai with my parents.
4 Usually, my mother does most of the housework, so I seldom do housework. She is busy with her work and housework, so she is very tired every day. During the winter holiday, I will help my mother wash dishes and clean the house.
What’s more, I need to do sports, which can keep me healthy. I will have enough time to play badminton with my friends. I also need to improve my running. I am going to run around the lake every morning.
Last but not least, I’m going to finish my homework and prepare for the next term. As for students, homework is one of the most important things in China. 5 , and then the rest time of the winter holiday is mine! What about you Are you looking forward to the holiday like me Do you have a plan for the coming winter holiday
A．I am sure I will also receive many red packets!
B．I will spend the Spring Festival in my hometown
C．I plan to finish my homework during the first two weeks
D．I can’t wait!
E．Third, I am going to help with the housework.
F．Third, I will watch videos and play games on my mobile phone
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级广东省深圳市盐田区外国语学校校考期末）以下是一则短文，请阅读短文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
With so many volunteer（志愿）activities to choose from, how should you decide what to do To pick a good activity, you need to ask yourself a few questions.
6 Do you love reading Then you can think about helping at a library. Do you love science Go to a science museum. Do you want to protect the environment Join in a beach/park cleanup.
What kind of job would you like to do in the future 7 You can work at a hospital to test out that. Are you thinking about being a vet（兽医） Helping at an animal center will help you a lot.
How much time do you have for the volunteer activity You have 4 hours every other week Then you can do any of activities above. 8 It doesn’t need much time.
What is the age requirement（要求） 9 If you’re under 16, you can volunteer at a soup kitchen, food bank, or zoo.
10 Most volunteer activities need communication（交流）with others. If you volunteer at an animal centre, you’ll be working mostly with animals, and as a gardener, you’ll work alone.
A．What are your interests
B．Most of the volunteer activities need you to be over 16.
C．What kind of people do you like to work with
D．If you don’t have much time, try to join in a cleanup.
E．Are you interested in being a doctor or nurse
F．Do you want to work with people, animals, or by yourself
（2022下·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）以下是一篇短文，请阅读全文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
There are many delicious fruits in autumn. 11 But do you know why fruits are sweet
12 Fruits are sweet because trees are smart. For some trees, the key to survival (生存) is growing sweet fruits. In this way, they can get animals to help them take their seeds to somewhere else. 13 They eat apples and take the seeds across the forest in their bellies (肚子). After the seeds come out of the bodies of the bears, new trees could grow.
Spreading (传播) the seeds to a different place is really important for new trees’ growth. 14
However, not all fruits are sweet. 15 But some animals enjoy lemons. They help lemon trees move seeds.
A．The answer is very easy.
B．In this way, they won’t fight with their parent trees for water or sunlight.
C．Many people like fruits that are sweet.
D．If you eat a lemon, you will get a different experience (体验).
E．For example, bears like apples’ sweet taste.
F．All the delicious fruits in the world are sweet.
（2022下·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）请阅读短文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整连贯。
For most of us, it’s really hard to imagine life without electricity. But that’s what Derrick’s life is really like. Derrick lives in a small village and studies in a village school close to her home in Africa. 16 It was difficult for young people like Derrick to read, study, or do their homework in the evening.
17 A Light Library was put into Derrick’s school. The program works like a traditional library, but with solar lamps (灯). 18 They can take them home in the evening so that they can study at night. With the solar lamp, Derrick is able to study for an hour and a half every evening.
19 Soon after the program was set up, she began to notice a difference in Derrick. Ms. Michelo said, “His favorite subjects at school are maths, science and English. 20 But when he started using a solar lamp, his grades improved a lot. He is now the best student in the class. The program is really helpful to the students.” Now Derrick is dreaming about being a teacher in the future-just like Ms. Michelo.
A．In 2019, things started to change.
B．There was no electricity in the village.
C．Students can take solar lamps home.
D．It allows students to borrow solar lamp.
E．He wasn’t good at reading or writing in the past.
F．Derrick’s teacher Ms. Michelo helps run the program.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）The kitchen is a great place for children to try new things. When children help out in the kitchen, the family can have a good time together. 21
Communicating (沟通) skills
To make a dish together, children need to ask their parents for help about the steps. 22 They can also learn many new words like the names of the food.
Skills of working out a problem
There will be all kinds of problems in the kitchen when they’re cooking. 23 If they have the ideas, they’ll face problems more easily.
Healthy ways of eating
By trying to cook in the kitchen, children can try all kinds of food. They learn what food is fresh and healthy. 24 They will, for example, eat fruits, vegetables and drink milk more often.
25 They can take what they learn in the kitchen to the outside world. It provides a chance for parents and children to learn and have a great time together.
A．In a word, cooking can help children in many ways.
B．That’s why it’s better for parents to teach children to cook.
C．In this way, they can learn a lot of skills in talking with others.
D．Parents can also help their kids learn some skills for daily lives.
E．So they are more likely (可能的) to have healthy eating habits.
F．Then the little ones have to think of ways to solve (解决) them.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）Keeping a diary is a great way to express your feelings and keep your unforgettable moments. Some people find it hard to get started or difficult to keep going once started. 26
Don’t worry, just write.
Your only reader is YOU. 27 It doesn’t matter if your diary isn’t very exciting or interesting. Over time, you will find it easier to write.
28
It is important to build a habit of writing. You don’t need to write as much each time. Make time for writing your diary. 29
It is OK if you miss a few days here and there. Just try not to get too far out of the habit, and start again if you stop for a while.
Write as if you were writing to a friend, or even your future self. This is important if you want to get the full benefits（益处）of diary-keeping. 30 It will help you share information about your feelings and deepest thoughts.
A．For example, just before you go to bed.
B．So just put pen to paper and get started.
C．These useful tips can help you do both.
D．If you don’t know how to write, ask your teacher for help.
E．Some people find that it is helpful to give their diary a name.
F．Try to write every day, but don’t be afraid if you miss a few days.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）请阅读下面的短文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
What season is it in October If you ask people from the UK, most of them will tell you it’s “autumn”. But if you go to the US, you will find that people use both “autumn” and “fall”. 31
According to Dictionary.com, both words have been around for a long time, but they were not the first to describe this season. During this season, crops (庄稼) would become ripe and farmers would have a big harvest (丰收). 32
Then, in the 1600s, more people left their farms and moved to cities. With fewer people farming, the word “harvest” became less useful. English speakers needed a different name for the season. 33 So people started calling it “the fall of the leaf”, or “fall” for short.
34 More and more people started to use “autumn”. It slowly replaced “fall” as the word for this season.
At the same time, British people were making their first trips to North America. 35 That’s why today’s Americans have two names for one season.
A．But at the end of the 1600s, the word “autumn” came to England.
B．They brought both the words “fall” and “autumn” with them.
C．So in Old English, this season was simply called “harvest”.
D．They knew leaves fell from trees during the season.
E．Why does this season have two names in English
F．However, they had no idea what name to use.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）请阅读全文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
On your first day to school, do you feel nervous when you meet new students You may want to make friends with them but just don’t know how. 36
First, join a school club to meet new people. 37 It’s a good way to find people with the same interest.
Next, make eye contact（交流）and smile. 38 Remember to look people directly in the eye and give them a warm, friendly smile.
Besides, start to talk to people. Any time you talk to someone, you have a chance at making a new friend. 39
40 Listening carefully can show that you’re interested in others. When listening, try to remember their names, their likes and dislikes, and ask questions about their interests.
Making new friends doesn’t have to be hard. Take these advice and try your best to make new friends so you can start building the friendship.
A．Finally, be a good listener.
B．Here are some tips for you about how to make new friends.
C．Friends are wonderful sometimes.
D．These body language can show that you are friendly.
E．Just talk about anything(like “Isn’t it a gorgeous day “ or “That is an awesome shirt!”).
F．For example, if you have interest in running or playing basketball, you can join the sports club.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级深圳中学校考期末）请阅读全文，并从下列的六个句子选择五个句子还原到原文里，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
Why can astronauts sleep while standing 41 Find the answers!
Do you remember the last two science classes from the Tiangong space station 42 On October 12, three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission—Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe—gave a third space class. What did the astronauts teach Let’s take a look.
Stand up to sleep
The beds in the Wentian lab module (实验舱) are kept upright (竖着). 43 But as Liu Yang said, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity in space. Astronauts can even sleep upside down in space!
Drink with a long straw
Liu Yang drank mango juice with a 2-meter straw easily. 44 Most people’s lungs (肺) can only suck (吸) water up to 1 meter high. You’d better not try it on Earth because it’s bad for your lungs.
Lazy water ball
45 But after putting a steel ball into the water ball, the water ball became “lazy” and shook much more slowly. The steel ball changed the water ball’s vibration frequency （振动频率). In the past, people would float a leaf in a bucket of water to prevent the water from overflowing. It used the same science.
A．Chinese astronauts gave many fun classes in the space.
B．That means astronauts in the Wentian lab need to sleep standing up!
C．But on Earth, it’s very hard to do this because of the air pressure.
D．When Liu Yang blew at a water ball in space, the ball shook quickly.
E．Is it possible to drink with a 2-meter-long straw (吸管)
F．You can also try to do this at your home.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级校考期末）以下是一篇短文，请阅读全文，并从六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
Germs(细菌) are everywhere in our life. We can’t see them, but we can’t neglect(忽视) them because some of them can make us sick. 46
Germs are tiny living things. They are so small that you can’t see them. 47
48 They are in the air you breathe. They are in the food you eat. They are in the water you drink. They are on everything you touch.
Maybe you have a question. Germs are everywhere, but why aren’t we always sick 49 Some of them are harmless and they do not make us sick. Also, our bodies keep germs out most of the time.
Our skin can help germs out. Don’t worry. 50 That’s why we should wash a cut with soap and water and use medicine to kill germs on it.
A．Germs are everywhere.
B．In fact, not all germs are harmful.
C．As long as there are no cuts or scratches(划伤), germs can’t get inside.
D．Let’s get to know more about germs.
E．In fact, 1000 germs could be found on the end of a pencil!
F．This germ is found on things used by the patients.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级统考期末）以下是一则短文，请阅读全文，并从文后六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
When you walk down the streets, you can see signs that say North, South, East and West. These are four important directions and they can help people know their ways easily. 51
Before the compass (指南针) was invented, people knew directions by looking at the sky. 52 About 2, 000 years ago, the ancient Chinese found that the lodestone (磁石) would always point to the north or the south. By the time of the Han Dynasty (汉朝), the first compass was made from this unusual kind of stone.
Chinese people always thought the south was the most important direction. 53 At that time, people often used the compass to know the direction of a house in China and the reason was simple. 54 Later on, the compass was also used for farming. In the ninth century, Chinese sailors started to use the compass to travel across the seas.
As time went by, the compass became more and more popular with people from all over the world. With its help, people will not get lost when they are traveling. 55
A．But how do people make the compass
B．But how do people know these directions
C．All in all, the compass makes us travel much safer than before.
D．They told directions by looking at the Sun, the Moon and the stars.
E．This was the reason (理由) why they called the compass the south pointer.
F．They believed that they could live in harmony (和谐) with nature in this way.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级深圳市耀华实验学校校考期末）根据相关信息，从A—F六个选项中选出五个填入与之相关的空白处。
Here are some ideas for you on how to help others through volunteering.
56
When people get older, it becomes harder to do many things, from walking to the store to doing the housework. Old people living alone can also feel lonely. As a neighbor（邻居）, you could visit them and help them with their housework.
57
Many people with disability need help. You could volunteer（自愿帮忙）to read books to the blind or deliver（递送）something for people who can’t get around too well.
58
There are lots of volunteer jobs to do in hospitals and health care centers. As a volunteer, you can make beds, deliver flowers and gifts, and do lots of other important jobs.
59
Some families don’t have enough money to buy food and clothes for their kids. Some people don’t have place to live at all. To help these people as a volunteer, you can give clothes, food or money to or raise money for them.
60
Sometimes people need more help when the holidays come. Holidays are happy, but for people who are alone or unlucky, they may be alone, you can deliver holiday dinners to less lucky people, visit the lonely old people and serve food to the homeless.
A．Helping poor families.
B．Helping the disabled.
C．Helping during the holiday.
D．Helping your old neighbors.
E．Doing the hospital work.
F．Helping the homeless.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级深圳市耀华实验学校校考期末）阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以壤入空白处的最佳选项。（其中有一项为多余项）
Beating the Winter Blues
Does your mood change with the seasons
Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. Those people sometimes feel sad for no reason. They eat more and put on weight. They have trouble sleeping. They can’t think clearly. This is the winter blues. 61 .
Get out in the sun. Some experts say that the winter blues happens because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons. They say that the decrease（减少） in sunlight can make us feel sad. 62 .
Get some exercise. Taking a walk or doing some exercise will make chemicals（化学物质called endorphins in your body. Endorphins are natural “feel good” chemicals.
63 . Avoid having too much sugar. If you prefer sweet food, like cookies or candy, it may be a sign that you need more protein, chicken, or fish.
Reduce stress. Cut back if you have too many things to do Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself
64 . Don’t be so busy that you get run down.
Get help. If you feel sad all the time and the feeling won’t go away, you may have a bigger problem than the winter blues. 65 , or get help from a doctor.
A．Get some rest
B．Eat healthy food
C．Talk to a friend you trust
D．Here are some ways for you to beat the winter blues
E．Getting more sunlight each day can help you feel better
F．So I don’t like winter at all
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级深圳实验学校中学部校联考期末）以下是一篇短文。请阅读全文并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
German scientists think that your brain keeps working while you’re asleep. To show that they were right, they gave two groups of students a problem to work out. Group One went to sleep, and Group Two stayed awake. 66
At the same time, from a recent study many children have missed out on 4.500 hours of sleep by the time they are seven years old. According to the Ministry of Education, primary school students should get at least 10 hours of sleep a night. 67 The answer is nine. If they don’t get enough sleep at night, they will face more challenging situations in schoolwork.
Schools are taking action to make sure the students can get enough sleep. 68 Three reasons are mentioned for the problem. Firstly, they spend hours in scrolling（滚动）, such as Douyin and Wechat. Hours of watching the mobile phones can be harmful to their eyes and cause students to sleep less. 69 They may work overtime to get the job finished and they can’t watch over the kids. Lastly, drinks like tea or coffee can also keep them excited and awake.
70 For example, they should avoid using mobile phones too much, and drink something like milk before going to bed.
Only if schools, families and students join hands together, can students get enough sleep and be at their best in schoolwork.
A．But researchers say many students still sleep less.
B．In fact, students themselves should also take sleep seriously.
C．Secondly, busy parents may not remind them to go to bed at the proper time.
D．Then how many hours of sleep should junior high school students get a night
E．The result showed the students who slept worked out the answer more quickly.
F．Without a good sleep, students have problems of study at school.
（2022上·广东深圳·七年级深圳中学校联考期末）请阅读全义，井从六个句子选择五个句子还原到原文里，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
American and British people both speak English. But sometimes there are some important differences between British English and American English. 71 Often, Americans don’t say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I don’t know”. However, the British are more careful in their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate.
Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. 72 Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.
73 In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone them up”. In America, you “give them call”.
There are also some differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a storybook ” But the British often leave out the helping verb. 74
Most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. This is what has happened to English. 75 Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France.
A．They say “Have you a storybook ”
B．First of all, they sound very different.
C．It can also happen to other languages, such as French.
D．English in these two counties is different only in sound.
E．Many expressions are also different in the two countries.
F．For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different.
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了作者的寒假计划。
1．根据“There are so many things I am eager to do”可知有很多事情想做，所以很期待寒假的到来，选项D“我等不及了”符合。故选D。
2．根据“so I can visit my relatives and friends during the Spring Festival”可知要在家乡过春节，拜访亲朋好友，选项B“我将在家乡过春节”符合。故选B。
3．根据“so I can visit my relatives and friends during the Spring Festival”可知此处继续谈论过春节的情况，选项A“我相信我也会收到很多红包”符合。故选A。
4．根据“my mother does most of the housework”可知此处内容和家务活有关，选项E“第三，我要帮忙做家务”符合。故选E。
5．根据“As for students, homework is one of the most important things in China.”以及“and then the rest time of the winter holiday is mine”可知此处内容和做作业有关，选项C“我计划在头两周完成家庭作业”符合。故选C。
6．A 7．E 8．D 9．B 10．F
【分析】本文主要讲述了一些工作，详细地介绍了一些志愿者工作的要求。
6．根据“Do you love reading ”可知，此处说的是一些关于兴趣的问题，A选项“你的兴趣是什么？”符合语境。故选A。
7．根据“You can work at a hospital to test out that.”可知，此处说的是医院工作，E选项“你对当医生或护士感兴趣吗？”符合语境。故选E。
8．根据“It doesn’t need much time.”可知，此处说的是没有太多时间，D选项“如果你没有太多的时间，试着参加一次大扫除。”符合语境。故选D。
9．根据“If you’re under 16, you can volunteer at a soup kitchen, food bank, or zoo.”可知，此处说的是年龄，B选项“大多数志愿者活动都需要你年满16岁。”符合语境。故选B。
10．根据“Most volunteer activities need communication（交流）with others.”可知，此处说的是和别人工作，F选项“你想和人、动物一起工作，还是自己一个人？”符合语境。故选F。
11．C 12．A 13．E 14．B 15．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了水果是甜的原因。
11．根据“But do you know why fruits are sweet ”可知此处引出了甜水果，选项C“很多人喜欢甜水果”符合语境。故选C。
12．根据“But do you know why fruits are sweet ”以及“Fruits are sweet because trees are smart”可知此处说的是前面问题的答案，选项A“答案很简单”符合语境。故选A。
13．根据“They eat apples and take the seeds across the forest in their bellies”可知此处介绍吃苹果的动物，选项E“例如，熊喜欢苹果的甜味”符合语境。故选E。
14．根据“Spreading (传播) the seeds to a different place is really important for new trees’ growth”可知把种子撒到不同的地方对新树的生长的重要性，选项B“这样，它们就不会为了水或阳光而与母树搏斗”符合语境。故选B。
15．根据“But some animals enjoy lemons”可知此处内容和柠檬有关，选项D“如果你吃一个柠檬，你会得到不同的体验”符合语境。故选D。
16．B 17．A 18．D 19．F 20．E
【分析】本文主要介绍德里克生活的村庄以前没有灯，后来学校建了一座轻型图书馆，可以使用太阳能灯，在太阳能灯的帮助下，德里克和孩子们的学习和生活提高了很多。
16．根据“It was difficult for young people like Derrick to read, study, or do their homework in the evening.”可知，像德里克这样的年轻人很难在晚上读书、学习或做作业。所以是因为村里没有电，选项B“村子里没有电”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据“A Light Library was put into Derrick’s school. The program works like a traditional library, but with solar lamps (灯).”可知，德里克的学校建了一座轻型图书馆。这个项目就像一个传统的图书馆，但是用的是太阳能灯。所以事情发生了改变，选项A“2019年，情况开始发生变化”符合语境，故选A。
18．根据“They can take them home in the evening so that they can study at night.”可知，他们可以在晚上把他们带回家，这样他们就可以在晚上学习。所以是因为学生们可以用太阳能灯，选项D“它允许学生借用太阳能灯”符合语境，故选D。
19．根据“Soon after the program was set up, she began to notice a difference in Derrick.”可知，项目成立后不久，她开始注意到德里克的不同。此处提到一个项目，选项F“德里克的老师米切罗女士帮助管理这个项目”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据“But when he started using a solar lamp, his grades improved a lot. He is now the best student in the class.”可知，但当他开始使用太阳能灯时，他的成绩提高了很多。他现在是班上最好的学生。此处进行对比，所以是之前成绩不好。选项E“他过去不擅长阅读和写作”符合语境，故选E。
21．D 22．C 23．F 24．E 25．A
【分析】本文主要讲了在厨房里父母可以教孩子们学习的一些生活技能。
21．根据下文三条生活技能可知此处与skills有关，D项“父母也可以帮助孩子学习一些日常生活的技能。”符合语境。故选D。
22．根据“Communicating skills”可知这一段提到与人交流的技巧，C项“通过这种方式，他们可以学到很多与他人交谈的技巧。”符合语境。故选C。
23．根据“Skills of working out a problem”可知这一段提到解决问题的技能，F项“然后孩子们必须想办法解决这些问题。”符合语境。故选F。
24．根据“Healthy ways of eating”可知这一段讲到健康的饮食习惯，E项“所以他们更有可能有健康的饮食习惯。”符合语境。故选E。
25．根据“They can take what they learn in the kitchen to the outside world. It provides a chance for parents and children to learn and have a great time together.”可知这一段是总结，烹饪能教孩子很多，A项“总之，烹饪可以在很多方面帮助孩子。”符合语境。故选A。
26．C 27．B 28．F 29．A 30．E
【分析】本文就如何坚持写日记给出了一些建议。
26．根据“Some people find it hard to get started or difficult to keep going once started”可知，有些人觉得很难开始，或者一旦开始就很难坚持下去。结合后文的建议可知，此处是承上启下，选项C“这些有用的提示可以帮助你做到这两点。”符合语境。故选C。
27．根据“Your only reader is YOU.”可知，你唯一的读者是你自己，此处应表示只要写就行了，选项B“所以，只要动笔就可以开始了。”符合语境。故选B。
28．根据“It is OK if you miss a few days here and there. Just try not to get too far out of the habit, and start again if you stop for a while.”（如果你偶尔错过几天也没关系。只是尽量不要脱离这个习惯太远，如果你停下来一段时间，就重新开始。）可知，选项F“尽量每天都写，但是没写几天也不用怕。”符合语境。故选F。
29．根据前文“Make time for writing your diary.”（腾出时间写日记。）可知，选项A“例如，就在你睡觉前。”符合语境。故选A。
30．根据前文“Write as if you were writing to a friend, or even your future self.”（像给朋友，甚至是未来的自己写信一样写作。）可知，选项E“有些人发现给他们的日记起个名字很有帮助。”符合语境。故选E。
31．E 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了美国人称秋天为“autumn”和“fall”的原因和起源。
31．根据“you will find that people use both ‘autumn’ and ‘fall’.”及下文介绍两个单词的起源可知，空处应是引起下文，是说“为什么会有两种说法”，E项“为什么这个季节有两个英文名字”符合语境，故选E。
32．根据“During this season, crops (庄稼) would become ripe and farmers would have a big harvest (丰收).”可知，此处和丰收有关，C项“所以在古英语中，这个季节被简单地称为“harvest”。”符合语境，故选C。
33．根据“English speakers needed a different name for the season. ...So people started calling it ‘the fall of the leaf’, or ‘fall’ for short.”可知，空处应和“the fall of the leaf（秋天的落叶）”有关的内容，D项“他们知道在这个季节，树叶会从树上掉下来。”符合语境，故选D。
34．根据“More and more people started to use ‘autumn’. ”可知，空处应提到了“autumn”这个名字的来源，A项“但在17世纪末，‘autumn’这个词来到了英国。”符合语境，故选A。
35．根据“That’s why today’s Americans have two names for one season.”可知，空处应说到了使用两个名字的原因，B项“他们把‘fall’和‘autumn’两个词都带来了。”符合语境，故选B。
36．B 37．F 38．D 39．E 40．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了结交新朋友的建议。
36．根据“You may want to make friends with them but just don’t know how”及下文的介绍可知，介绍如何认识新朋友的方法，所以此处是一个承上启下的句子，B选项“这里有一些关于如何结交新朋友的建议”符合，故选B。
37．根据“First, join a school club to meet new people”可知，此处提到了俱乐部，F选项“例如，如果你对跑步或打篮球感兴趣，你可以加入体育俱乐部”符合，故选F。
38．根据“Next, make eye contact（交流）and smile”可知，此处提到了肢体语言，D选项“这些肢体语言可以表明你很友好”符合，故选D。
39．根据“Any time you talk to someone, you have a chance at making a new friend”可知，此处提到了交谈，E选项“谈论任何事情(比如‘今天不是很好吗 ’或者‘这件衬衫真棒！’)”符合，故选E。
40．根据“Listening carefully can show that you’re interested in others.”可知，此处提到了倾听，A选项“最后，做一个好的倾听者”符合，故选A。
41．E 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国宇航员在太空中上的课程内容。
41．根据“Why can astronauts sleep while standing ...Find the answers!”可知此空是提问一个问题，选项E“可以用两米长的吸管喝水吗？”符合语境，故选E。
42．根据“Do you remember the last two science classes from the Tiangong space station ”可知此处是介绍宇航员在太空中上的课，选项A“中国宇航员在太空上了很多有趣的课程。”符合语境，故选A。
43．根据“The beds in the Wentian lab module (实验舱) are kept upright (竖着).”可知问天实验室舱内的床保持竖立。选项B“这意味着问天实验室的宇航员需要站着睡觉！”符合语境，故选B。
44．根据“Most people’s lungs (肺) can only suck (吸) water up to 1 meter high. You’d better not try it on Earth because it’s bad for your lungs.”可知在地球上大多数人的肺只能吸入1米高的水。选项C“但在地球上，由于大气压力，这很难做到。”符合语境，故选C。
45．根据“Lazy water ball”和“But after putting a steel ball into the water ball, the water ball became ‘lazy’ and shook much more slowly”可知此处是关于水球的描述，选项D“当刘洋在太空中吹一个水球时，水球迅速摇晃。”符合语境，故选D。
46．D 47．E 48．A 49．B 50．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了细菌的相关知识。
46．结合下文的介绍“Germs are tiny living things…”可知，下文是介绍了有关细菌的相关情况，D选项“让我们更多地了解细菌”符合，故选D。
47．根据“They are so small that you can’t see them”可知，此处介绍细菌的微小程度，E选项“事实上，一支铅笔的末端可以发现1000个细菌”符合，故选E。
48．根据“They are in the air you breathe. They are in the food you eat. They are in the water you drink.”可知，细菌无处不在，A选项“细菌无处不在”符合，故选A。
49．根据“but why aren’t we always sick”可知，此处回答细菌为什么不会总是让我们生病，B选项“事实上，并非所有的细菌都是有害的”符合，故选B。
50．根据“That’s why we should wash a cut with soap and water and use medicine to kill germs on it”可知，如果有伤口，细菌就可以趁虚而入，C选项“只要没有割伤或划伤，细菌就无法进入”符合，故选C。
51．B 52．D 53．E 54．F 55．C
【分析】本文介绍了指南针的历史和发展。
51．根据前一句“These are four important directions and they can help people know their ways easily.”可知东西南北是四个重要的方向，它们可以帮助人们容易地了解自己的方向。因此下句提出疑问，B项“但人们如何知道这些方向呢？”符合题意。故选B。
52．根据前一句“Before the compass (指南针) was invented, people knew directions by looking at the sky.”可知在指南针之前人们通过看天空知道方向。因此下句指出天空的具体内容。D项“他们通过看太阳、月亮和星星来指示方向。”符合题意。故选D。
53．根据前一句“Chinese people always thought the south was the most important direction.”可知中国人一直认为南方是最重要的方向。因此E项“这就是为什么他们称指南针为南方指针。”符合题意。故选E。
54．根据前一句“At that time, people often used the compass to know the direction of a house in China and the reason was simple.”可知当时，人们经常用指南针来知道中国房子的方向，原因很简单。因此F项“他们相信他们可以以这种方式与自然和谐相处。”符合题意。故选F。
55．根据前一句“With its help, people will not get lost when they are traveling”可知有了指南针的帮助，人们在旅行时不会迷路。因此推出结论，C项“总而言之，指南针使我们旅行比以前更加安全。”符合题意。故选C。
56．D 57．B 58．E 59．A 60．C
【分析】本文讲述通过志愿服务帮助他人的方法和五点建议。
56．根据后文“As a neighbor, you could visit them and help them with their housework.”可知主要讲述帮助老邻居。D选项“帮助老邻居”符合。故选D。
57．根据后文“Many people with disability need help.”可知主要讲述帮助残疾人。B选项“帮助残疾人”符合。故选B。
58．根据后文“There are lots of volunteer jobs to do in hospitals and health care centers.”可知主要讲述医院工作。E选项“做医院的工作”符合。故选E。
59．根据后文“Some families don’t have enough money to buy food and clothes for their kids.”可知主要讲述帮助贫困家庭。A选项“帮助贫困家庭”符合。故选A。
60．根据后文“Sometimes people need more help when the holidays come.”可知主要讲述在假日时帮助。C选项“在假期帮忙”符合。故选C。
61．D 62．E 63．B 64．A 65．C
【分析】本文讲了天气会影响情绪，尤其是冬季。作者给出了几点战胜冬季忧郁的方法。
61．根据下文“This is the winter blues. ”和下文的首句可知，此处介绍战胜冬季忧郁的方法。D选项“这给你一些战胜冬季忧郁的方法”，承上启下。故选D。
62．根据“They say that the decrease（减少） in sunlight can make us feel sad. ”可知本段介绍阳光对冬季忧郁的影响。E选项“每天接受更多的阳光能够帮你感觉更好”符合语境。故选E。
63．根据“Avoid having too much sugar...it may be a sign that you need more protein, chicken, or fish.”可知本段介绍避免摄入太多糖，要吃健康的食物。B选项“吃健康的食物”符合语境。故选B。
64．根据“Don't be so busy that you get run down.”可知本段介绍不要太忙，适当停下里。A选项“休息一下”符合语境。故选A。
65．根据“...get help from a doctor.”可知此处介绍向他人求助。C选项“跟你信任的朋友聊聊”符合。故选C。
66．E 67．D 68．A 69．C 70．B
【分析】文章谈到了睡眠对学生的重要性，介绍了学生睡眠不足的现状，并分析了原因，最后谈到了解决的方法。
66．前文提到科学家给两组学生出了一道问题，第一组去睡觉，第二组保持清醒，所以此句是说对这两组学生的结果进行对比，E项意为“结果显示，睡过觉的学生能更快地算出答案”，符合语境，故选E。
67．由后句“The answer is nine.”可知，此句是在问学生睡多少小时。D项意为“那么初中生每晚应该睡多少小时呢”，符合语境，故选D。
68．根据“Three reasons are mentioned for the problem”可知，后文提到的都是睡眠不够的原因，所以此句是说学生睡眠不够。A项意为“但研究人员表示，许多学生仍然睡眠不足”，符合语境，故选A。
69．由下文“They may work overtime to get the job finished and they can’t watch over the kids.”可知，父母很忙，不能照看孩子，所以此处是在说父母的原因。C项意为“其次，忙碌的父母可能不会提醒他们在适当的时间上床睡觉”，符合语境，故选C。
70．后文是在举例说明学生如何自己去做，从而得到充足的睡眠，所以此句是在从学生自身来谈睡眠的问题。B项意为“事实上，学生自己也应该认真对待睡眠”，符合语境，故选B。
71．B 72．F 73．E 74．A 75．C
【分析】这篇短文主要是英国和美国两个国家英语的不同之处，除此之外，每种语言并不是固定不变的，会随着时间的改变而改变。
71．根据“Americans don’t say each word separately...They usually say all the words and keep them separate.”可知，此处是说美式英语和英式英语的发音不同，选项B“首先，它们听起来很不一样。”符合语境。故选B。
72．根据“Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.”可知，此处是美国人和英国人关于车的单词不同，选项F“例如，汽车和驾驶的词汇是非常不同的。”符合语境，故选F。
73．根据“n England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone them up”. In America, you “give them call”.”可知，两个国家表达是不同的。选项E“在这两个国家，许多表达方式也不同。”符合语境，故选E。
74．根据“For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a storybook ” But the British often leave out the helping verb.”可知，英式英语和美式英语在语法上不同。Do you have a storybook 相当于Have you a storybook ，选项A“他们说‘你有故事书吗？’ ”符合语境，故选A。
75．根据“Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France.”可知，加拿大人讲法语，但是他们的法语和法国的法语不同。选项C“这种情况也会发生在其他语言上，比如法语。”符合语境，故选C。

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