贵阳市2023年普通高中高二年级质量监测试卷
英语
满分：150分 考试用时：120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、报名号、座位号填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“报名号、姓名、考试科目”与考生本人报名号、姓名是否一致。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。非选择题用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答，在试题卷上作答，答案无效。
3. 请保持答题卡平整，不能折叠。考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who should do the housework today
A. Linda. B. Henry. C. Mary.
2. What is the woman probably doing
A. Shopping for new shoes. B. Packing her suitcase. C. Getting dressed.
3. Where are the speakers
A. At a bar. B. At a grocery store. C. At the woman’s house.
4. What time is it now
A. 3:00 p.m. B. 3:30 p.m. C. 6:30 p.m.
5. When will the man stop smoking
A. In a year. B. In a week. C. In a day.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is Marie tired
A. She was woken up early.
B. She stayed up late last night.
C. She had a long day at work.
7. Who is Sammy
A. Marie’s son. B. Marie’s husband. C. Marie’s neighbor.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8 Where does the woman usually listen to music
A. In a gym. B. In her room. C. In her car.
9. What kind of music does the man like
A. Classical music. B. Country music. C. Rock music.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why can’t Professor Green help Tom
A. She is in Tokyo now.
B. She’ll be leaving next Thursday.
C. She’ll be attending a conference.
11. Where does Dr. Brown work
A. At a university.
B. At a computer company.
C. At an international organization.
12. What will Professor Green do right now
A. Make a phone call. B. Meet a computer expert. C. Ask Tom some questions.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the weather like now
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
14. How many people promised to help the man cook
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
15. Why is the man planning the party
A. To celebrate his birthday.
B. To get together with friends.
C To welcome his Italian cousins.
16. Which part of the plan is sure to surprise all the guests
A. The clown. B. The special pizza. C. The woman’s gift.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the second storm hit Brooklyn yesterday
A. At 10:15 a.m. B. At 10:30 a.m. C. At 10:45 a.m.
18. What was the impact of the storm system in Oklahoma
A. Several people got hurt.
B. Four people were killed.
C. Some big trees were blown down.
19. What’s the high temperature today
A. 12 degrees. B. 19 degrees. C. 30 degrees.
20. What will the weather be like on Sunday
A. Calm. B. Sunny. C. Stormy.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Famous for its sunny beaches and natural wonders, Miyako Island welcomes many visitors during holidays.
Unique beaches
Yonaha Maehama Beach is the most famous beach in Miyako Island, where white sand stretches for seven kilometers. The ocean is colored in bright blue, attracting visitors with its beauty. Compact Sunayama Beach, known for its arch-shaped rock (拱形石), is well hidden in a small cove (小海湾), and is accessed by walking through a narrow tunnel (隧道) of trees.
Diverse and colorful fish
Snorkeling (浮潜) is a must-try in Miyako Island. Dense coral reefs, schools of tropical (热带的) fish, sea turtles and plenty of space to free dive to depths of 8 to 15 meters close to the shore are standout features. For beginners, Aragusuku and Shigira are a good choice, but advanced snorkelers may see Imgyo Marine Garden, Waiwai Beach and Shimojishima as their ultimate spots.
Scuba diving
Miyako Island is a popular diving place with a wealth of dive sites to explore, including many underwater caves. Even those without a diving license need not be held back. Dive shops and tour operators also offer tours for beginners to explore Miyako Island’s rich underwater environment.
The bridges
Irabu Bridge is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan. It connects Miyako Island and Irabujima, stretching for 3540m, drawing a gentle curve. The length of the bridge can also be read as “sango no shi ma,” meaning coral island in Japanese. Smaller bridges connect Irabu and Shimoji islands, giving visitors additional beach options.
1. If you want to see an arch-shaped rock, which beach will you choose
A. Yonaha Maehama. B. Compact Sunayama. C. Waiwai. D. Irabujima.
2. In which way can visitors see schools of tropical fish
A. By walking through a tunnel. B. By walking through caves.
C. By snorkeling. D. By scuba diving.
3. What can we know about Irabu Bridge
A. It connects islands of Miyako and Shimoji. B. It is the smallest toll-free bridge in Japan.
C. It connects islands of Miyako and Aragusuku. D. It is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan.
B
“Small Acts of Kindness” really made me think outside the box. Dr Max is right, “it takes nothing to be nice”.
I was in New Zealand in January visiting my son and grandson. I only had a small amount of cash on me as we stopped for a drink and cake, but the shop wouldn’t take cards. As I counted out my coins and realized I needed $2 more to pay for the cake, two boys waiting on bikes behind me observed this scene and one boy spoke up, “I can pay the extra amount.” It shocked me that a boy who didn’t even know me could be so kind. I politely refused his offer and just had the drink, but I thanked him a lot.
I “paid this forward” when I arrived in the UK. This expression for describing the beneficiary (受益者) of a good deed repaying the kindness to others instead of the original benefactor (although the concept may be old) may have been coined by Lily Hardy Hammond in her 1916 book, In the Garden of Delight. At the chemist’s, a young lady didn’t have enough cash to pay for a hair band that her daughter was keen to have, so I paid the bill for her. It was only 2.99 but it made me feel good about myself and I hope it also made this mum and daughter’s day!
With tiny gestures, we can give people a reason to keep on living. I intend to do this much more in the future.
4. What problem did the author meet
A. He lost his money. B. He didn’t have enough cash.
C. He couldn’t find his son. D. He didn’t know how to make cakes.
5. Why did the boy surprised the author
A. The boy knew his grandson. B. The boy refused to accept his help.
C. He asked the author to pay for him. D. He offered to pay the $2 for him.
6. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. I paid the bill for the mother. B. In the Garden of Delight.
C. This mum and daughter’s day. D. The daughter wanted a hair band.
7. What would be the best title for this passage
A. Think Outside the Box B. Refuse an Offer
C. Pay It Forward D. Keep on Living
C
Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.
This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos.
Why is it important to protect the dialect culture According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases (偏见) of an area, he said.
Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns of the disappearing of dialects, “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said.
So how did China make this big library “A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen,” said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers.
The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects.
8. What is the purpose of the project
A. To teach people Mandarin. B. To protect dialects.
C. To develop people’s speaking skills. D. To show ways of talking.
9. How many audio clips are collected in this project
A. 103. B. 1,712. C. 5 million. D. Over 5.6 million.
10. What is the situation of Wu dialect according to Zhang Hongming
A. It is in danger of disappearance.
B. It is widely spoken in Suzhou.
C. It has more than 6,000 dialect speakers.
D. It is taught in more than 350 universities.
11. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. China online language resource library.
B. Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project.
C. The Chinese Language Resources Protection Project.
D. Zhang Hongming, a scholar of Chinese dialect protection.
D
The topic of photo copyright has been widely discussed recently. It started with a photographer called Dai Jianfeng receiving an email from the Visual China Group (VCG), saying that he used photos from VCG without permission (许可). However, the photos were taken by the photographer himself. It turned out to be a misunderstanding. Dai’s photos were then removed from the VCG website.
Copyright protects an author’s original works. Works are original when they are independently created by a human author and show creativity.
“In a sense, companies like VCG protect photographers’ rights,” said Shen Ran, a 26-year-old photographer who knows Dai. After signing with photographers, these companies sell the rights to use the images on their platforms. They may keep up to 70 percent of the pictures’ proceeds (收益). Users also need to follow certain rules when using the images.
If companies find out that people are using their copyrighted images without permission, then “they can file lawsuits (诉讼),” Shen said. In this way, the platforms enforce (执行) photographers’ ownership rights. Without the help of these companies, it can be difficult for photographers to know if their pictures are being misused and even harder for them to take legal (法律的) action in response.
Meanwhile, there are many cases of people using photographers’ pictures without permission on online platforms. And the platforms’ attitude sometimes makes it worse. “There used to be a fake (虚假的) account claiming to be me on Douyin,” said Ji Zixuan, a 17-year-old photographer in Shenzhen, Guangdong province. “Because I don’t have an account there, Douyin refused to remove the fake account at first.”
A lack of effective online content moderation (内容审核) means it can be time-consuming for photographers to defend their rights. It leads to many photographers feeling apathetic (无动于衷的) about the copyright of their pictures.
12 What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A. To introduce the VCG company. B. To defend Dai’s photo copyright.
C. To lead in the topic of photo copyright. D. To warn people to use photos legally.
13. What is Shen Ran’s attitude toward VCG
A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Subjective.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The permission of using images. B. The lawsuits of the platform.
C. The function of companies like VCG. D. The legal actions of photographers.
15. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By giving explanations. B. By making comparisons.
C. By showing data. D. By raising examples.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What to do about climate change
With scientists warning that 2023 could be the warmest ever, and destructive wildfires tearing through communities, the climate crisis is no longer a distant threat. Listed below are 3 things you cm do to reduce your carbon footprint and save yourself from climate despair (绝望).
___16___. Using energy with wisdom is one way to cut your carbon footprint. ___17___. Setting timers for appliances to run through the night, when demand is low, or during the brightest part of the day, to use solar, can help.
Avoid the skies. Aviation (航空) brings a significant challenge in achieving net-zero emissions (排放). Despite accounting for just three percent of global emissions, it is a rapidly growing source and difficult to decarbonize (碳减排). ___18___ No-fly travel companies are making overland travel more attractive. There is also a recovery of Europe’s night trains for low-carbon travel.
___19___. Whether you have a windowsill or a smallholding, growing your own herbs, flowers or vegetables can be beneficial. Not just to pollinators (传粉昆虫), which can feed off the plants, but to your mental health. ___20___. But it will help you reconnect with nature, which research suggests is good for our mental health—particularly amid alarming news about the climate.
A. Grow your own
B. Use energy widely
C. Use energy wisely
D. Cultivating a garden to absorb carbon
E. Sure, cultivating a garden isn’t going to absorb much carbon
F. It’s not just about how much energy you use, but when you use it
G. Reducing air travel is recommended until battery and hydrogen planes become practical
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小1分；满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles. Suddenly, a flight attendant asked an ___21___ question: “Does anyone know American ___22___ Language ”
Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call ___23___. The flight attendant came by and ___24___ the situation. “We have a passenger who’s blind and deaf. He seemed to want something, but we couldn’t understand what he ___25___.”
Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (读写困难) and knew she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s ___26___. So, she walked toward the front of the plane, and ___27___ down beside Tim Cook, then ___28___ taking his hand, she signed, “Are you OK ” Tim asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara ___29___ to her seat. But she came by again later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.
“I was like, ‘Wow, this is cool,’” Clara says. “I hope I don’t ___30___ anything wrong.”
“Actually, he didn’t need anything. He was ___31___ and just wanted to talk.” Clara says.
Clara talked about her family and her plans for the future. Tim told Clara how he had gradually become ___32___ and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. “Although he couldn’t see her, she looked attentively at his face with ___33___,” a passenger reported.
“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in an interview. “You could tell Tim was very excited to have someone he could ___34___, and she was such an ___35___.”
Tim’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”
21.
A. urgent B. interesting C. unnecessary D. embarrassing
22.
A. Social B. Sign C. Science D. Standard
23.
A. line B. button C. machine D. number
24.
A. proved B. reflected C. explained D. complained
25.
A. offered B. possessed C. needed D. carried
26.
A. ear B. hand C. mind D. arm
27.
A. fell B. settled C. calmed D. bent
28.
A. gently B. proudly C. bravely D. fiercely
29.
A. left B. returned C. came D. pointed
30.
A. review B. guess C. create D. spell
31.
A. lonely B. worried C. anxious D. doubtful
32.
A. sightless B. wealthy C. nervous D. successful
33
A. impatience B. shyness C. confusion D. kindness
34.
A. refer to B. rely on C. speak to D. call on
35.
A. employee B. angel C. officer D. adult
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The road to a Nobel prize is growing ever longer, with almost half of winners now ___36___ (wait) more than 20 years from making a Nobel-worthy discovery to receiving the prize.
One analysis shows that the average time between publishing the work and receiving one of the science ___37___ (prize) has nearly doubled in the past 60 years. “In the early 20th century, Nobel winners were often in ___38___ (they) 30s, but now it is unheard of,” says Santo Fortunato, ___39___ published a 2014 analysis of Nobel prizewinners since the award’s conception in 1901. His results showed that the time between winners’ prizewinning research and their Nobel had ___40___ (slow) increased over the years.
There are a number of possible reasons for this trend. It could be that the overall number of breakthroughs ___41___ (increase) each year, so awards cannot keep up ___42___ the number of people who deserve to be recognized. It is also the case that the importance of some works ___43___ (realize) only years or decades later.
On the other hand, the lengthening gap could be ___44___ sign that there has been a decrease in ‘disruptive’ science—___45___ (importance) studies or discoveries that change the paradigm (范式) of their field. This could be causing the Nobel committees to focus more on the past.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，前不久学校举行了校运会。你将按照以下要点，以My School Sports Meet为题用英文写一篇稿件，向校报英语角栏目投稿。
1. 你在运动会期间的表现;
2. 你的感想。
注意：1. 可以增加细节，以使行文连贯;
2. 词数80词左右;
3. 文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
My School Sports Meet
The sports meet started on Sep. 27th, which lasted for three days and included races, jumps, throws, etc.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At a neighbor’s pool the summer after sixth grade, Charley shouted out those famous last words, “Hey, watch this!” As he dove into the pool, Tad froze. It wasn’t the deep end!
Charley was hurt bad when he hit the bottom of the swimming pool. The doctor said he might have broken his back and could lose the use of his legs. His life would change forever. Tad didn’t see Charley for over a month after he was carried away in the screaming ambulance.
When Tad went to visit Charley in the hospital, his “Hey, dude, how’s it going ” was greeted by an annoyed grunt (嘟哝声) . Looking small and pale, Charley cried, “I can’t walk-how do you think I feel I wish I was dead!”
“Bro, you’ll get well! You’re tough.”
“No, the doctor said I won’t.”
“Aw, man. That’s horrible!” And the conversation died right there.
Tad didn’t go back after that. He just didn’t know what to say. When Charley got out of the hospital, Tad went over to his house a few times and played video games, but it just wasn’t the same. Not only was his friend’s body damaged, so was his spirit. Tad had made friends with other boys who enjoyed all the things he and Charley used to do. Even if he felt sad and guilty, he wasn’t spending more time at Charley’s. Tad wanted to help and be a good friend but didn’t know how now.
Charley just became sadder and sadder, and Tad spent less and less time with him as the school year passed.
When summer break started again, Tad didn’t see much of Charley. He had made the baseball team and didn’t have time for video games. At least he told himself that was the reason. He was shocked right before eighth grade started when he saw Charley sailing down the sidewalk with a big black dog by his wheelchair. “Wow, what’s this ” Said Tad, running over to his friend.
“This is Rowdy! He helps me.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
“Wow, what does he do ” Tad was interested.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After that, Tad could sense something had changed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力 1—5 CBAAC 6—10 AABCC 11—15 BACCB 16—20 ACBBC贵阳市2023年普通高中高二年级质量监测试卷
英语
满分：150分 考试用时：120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、报名号、座位号填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“报名号、姓名、考试科目”与考生本人报名号、姓名是否一致。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。非选择题用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答，在试题卷上作答，答案无效。
3. 请保持答题卡平整，不能折叠。考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who should do the housework today
A. Linda. B. Henry. C. Mary.
2. What is the woman probably doing
A. Shopping for new shoes. B. Packing her suitcase. C. Getting dressed.
3. Where are the speakers
A. At a bar. B. At a grocery store. C. At the woman’s house.
4. What time is it now
A. 3:00 p.m. B. 3:30 p.m. C. 6:30 p.m.
5. When will the man stop smoking
A. In a year. B. In a week. C. In a day.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is Marie tired
A. She was woken up early.
B. She stayed up late last night.
C. She had a long day at work.
7. Who is Sammy
A. Marie’s son. B. Marie’s husband. C. Marie’s neighbor.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the woman usually listen to music
A. In a gym. B. In her room. C. In her car.
9. What kind of music does the man like
A. Classical music. B. Country music. C. Rock music.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why can’t Professor Green help Tom
A. She is in Tokyo now.
B. She’ll be leaving next Thursday.
C. She’ll be attending a conference.
11. Where does Dr. Brown work
A. At a university.
B. At a computer company.
C. At an international organization.
12. What will Professor Green do right now
A. Make a phone call. B. Meet a computer expert. C. Ask Tom some questions.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the weather like now
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
14. How many people promised to help the man cook
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
15. Why is the man planning the party
A. To celebrate his birthday.
B. To get together with friends.
C. To welcome his Italian cousins.
16. Which part of the plan is sure to surprise all the guests
A. The clown. B. The special pizza. C. The woman’s gift.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the second storm hit Brooklyn yesterday
A. At 10:15 a.m. B. At 10:30 a.m. C. At 10:45 a.m.
18. What was the impact of the storm system in Oklahoma
A. Several people got hurt.
B. Four people were killed.
C. Some big trees were blown down.
19. What’s the high temperature today
A. 12 degrees. B. 19 degrees. C. 30 degrees.
20. What will the weather be like on Sunday
A. Calm. B. Sunny. C. Stormy.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Famous for its sunny beaches and natural wonders, Miyako Island welcomes many visitors during holidays.
Unique beaches
Yonaha Maehama Beach is the most famous beach in Miyako Island, where white sand stretches for seven kilometers. The ocean is colored in bright blue, attracting visitors with its beauty. Compact Sunayama Beach, known for its arch-shaped rock (拱形石), is well hidden in a small cove (小海湾), and is accessed by walking through a narrow tunnel (隧道) of trees.
Diverse and colorful fish
Snorkeling (浮潜) is a must-try in Miyako Island. Dense coral reefs, schools of tropical (热带的) fish, sea turtles and plenty of space to free dive to depths of 8 to 15 meters close to the shore are standout features. For beginners, Aragusuku and Shigira are a good choice, but advanced snorkelers may see Imgyo Marine Garden, Waiwai Beach and Shimojishima as their ultimate spots.
Scuba diving
Miyako Island is a popular diving place, with a wealth of dive sites to explore, including many underwater caves. Even those without a diving license need not be held back. Dive shops and tour operators also offer tours for beginners to explore Miyako Island’s rich underwater environment.
The bridges
Irabu Bridge is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan. It connects Miyako Island and Irabujima, stretching for 3540m, drawing a gentle curve. The length of the bridge can also be read as “sango no shi ma,” meaning coral island in Japanese. Smaller bridges connect Irabu and Shimoji islands, giving visitors additional beach options.
1. If you want to see an arch-shaped rock, which beach will you choose
A. Yonaha Maehama. B. Compact Sunayama. C. Waiwai. D. Irabujima.
2. In which way can visitors see schools of tropical fish
A. By walking through a tunnel. B. By walking through caves.
C. By snorkeling. D. By scuba diving.
3. What can we know about Irabu Bridge
A. It connects islands of Miyako and Shimoji. B. It is the smallest toll-free bridge in Japan.
C. It connects islands of Miyako and Aragusuku. D. It is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个宫古岛的旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Compact Sunayama Beach, known for its arch-shaped rock (拱形石), is well hidden in a small cove (小海湾), and is accessed by walking through a narrow tunnel (隧道) of trees.( Compact Sunayama海滩以其拱形岩石而闻名，它隐藏在一个小海湾中，通过一条狭窄的树木隧道进入)”可知，如果你想看到一个拱形的岩石，你应该选择Compact Sunayam。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Snorkeling (浮潜) is a must-try in Miyako Island. Dense coral reefs, schools of tropical (热带的) fish, sea turtles and plenty of space to free dive to depths of 8 to 15 meters close to the shore are standout features.(在宫古岛，浮潜是一项必须尝试的活动。茂密的珊瑚礁、成群的热带鱼、海龟，以及靠近海岸8至15米深的自由潜水空间，都是这里的突出特色)”可知，游客浮潜能看到成群的热带鱼。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Irabu Bridge is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan.(伊布桥是日本最长的免费桥梁)”可知，伊拉布桥是日本最长的免费大桥。故选D。
B
“Small Acts of Kindness” really made me think outside the box. Dr Max is right, “it takes nothing to be nice”.
I was in New Zealand in January visiting my son and grandson. I only had a small amount of cash on me as we stopped for a drink and cake, but the shop wouldn’t take cards. As I counted out my coins and realized I needed $2 more to pay for the cake, two boys waiting on bikes behind me observed this scene and one boy spoke up, “I can pay the extra amount.” It shocked me that a boy who didn’t even know me could be so kind. I politely refused his offer and just had the drink, but I thanked him a lot.
I “paid this forward” when I arrived in the UK. This expression for describing the beneficiary (受益者) of a good deed repaying the kindness to others instead of the original benefactor (although the concept may be old) may have been coined by Lily Hardy Hammond in her 1916 book, In the Garden of Delight. At the chemist’s, a young lady didn’t have enough cash to pay for a hair band that her daughter was keen to have, so I paid the bill for her. It was only 2.99 but it made me feel good about myself and I hope it also made this mum and daughter’s day!
With tiny gestures, we can give people a reason to keep on living. I intend to do this much more in the future.
4. What problem did the author meet
A. He lost his money. B. He didn’t have enough cash.
C. He couldn’t find his son. D. He didn’t know how to make cakes.
5. Why did the boy surprised the author
A. The boy knew his grandson. B. The boy refused to accept his help.
C. He asked the author to pay for him. D. He offered to pay the $2 for him.
6. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. I paid the bill for the mother. B. In the Garden of Delight.
C. This mum and daughter’s day. D. The daughter wanted a hair band.
7. What would be the best title for this passage
A. Think Outside the Box B. Refuse an Offer
C. Pay It Forward D. Keep on Living
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过自己的经历，认识到一个道理，善意的小举动可以给人以温暖。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As I counted out my coins and realized I needed $2 more to pay for the cake(我数着硬币，意识到我还需要2美元来买蛋糕)”可知作者没有足够的现金。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“two boys waiting on bikes behind me observed this scene and one boy spoke up, “I can pay the extra amount.” It shocked me that a boy who didn’t even know me could be so kind (这时，两个在我后面骑自行车的男孩看到了这一幕，一个男孩大声说:“我可以付额外的钱。”令我震惊的是，一个甚至不认识我的男孩竟然会如此善良)”可知，男孩愿意为作者付2美元，让作者感到很惊讶。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“so I paid the bill for her (所以我替她付了帐)”可知，作者替她付了帐，希望这件事情可以让母女开心起来，it指代A项：I paid the bill for the mother.(我替那位母亲付了帐)。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段““Small Acts of Kindness” really made me think outside the box. Dr Max is right, “it takes nothing to be nice”.(《小善举》真的让我跳出了思维定势。马克斯博士是对的，“不需要任何东西就能变得友善”)”以及文章的最后一段“With tiny gestures, we can give people a reason to keep on living. I intend to do this much more in the future.(通过微小的举动，我们可以给人们一个继续活下去的理由。我打算在未来更多地这样做。)”可知，文章讲述了作者通过自己的经历，认识到一个道理，善意的小举动可以给人以温暖。C项：Pay It Forward(让爱传出去)概括文章的主旨。故选C。
C
Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.
This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos.
Why is it important to protect the dialect culture According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases (偏见) of an area, he said.
Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns of the disappearing of dialects, “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said.
So how did China make this big library “A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen,” said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers.
The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects.
8. What is the purpose of the project
A. To teach people Mandarin. B. To protect dialects.
C. To develop people’s speaking skills. D. To show ways of talking.
9. How many audio clips are collected in this project
A. 103. B. 1,712. C. 5 million. D. Over 5.6 million.
10. What is the situation of Wu dialect according to Zhang Hongming
A. It is in danger of disappearance.
B. It is widely spoken in Suzhou.
C. It has more than 6,000 dialect speakers.
D. It is taught in more than 350 universities.
11. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. China online language resource library.
B. Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project.
C The Chinese Language Resources Protection Project.
D. Zhang Hongming, a scholar of Chinese dialect protection.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府发起了中国语言言资源保护工程，旨在拯救濒临消失的方言。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“While many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.(虽然许多中国人说普通话，但一些地方方言正面临消失的危险。为了拯救它们，中国政府在几年前启动了汉语资源保护工程)”可知，这项工程的目的是保护方言。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos.( 有一个在线图书馆，人们可以从560多万音频片段和500多万视频中学习方言)”可知，这个项目收集了560多万音频片段，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段内容“Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns of the disappearing of dialects, “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said.(学者张洪明谈到了他对方言消失的担忧，“大约十多年来，在上海和苏州等吴方言地区，6至15岁的孩子能听懂但几乎不会说这种方言。同时，15岁以上的年轻人有时会说它，但说的不是很好。如果这种情况持续下去，这种方言可能会消失，”他说)”可推断，吴认为吴方言处于消失的危险中。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.(为了拯救它们，中国政府在几年前启动了汉语资源保护工程)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了中国政府发起的目的是拯救濒临消失的方言的中国语言言资源保护工程。故选C。
D
The topic of photo copyright has been widely discussed recently. It started with a photographer called Dai Jianfeng receiving an email from the Visual China Group (VCG), saying that he used photos from VCG without permission (许可). However, the photos were taken by the photographer himself. It turned out to be a misunderstanding. Dai’s photos were then removed from the VCG website.
Copyright protects an author’s original works. Works are original when they are independently created by a human author and show creativity.
“In a sense, companies like VCG protect photographers’ rights,” said Shen Ran, a 26-year-old photographer who knows Dai. After signing with photographers, these companies sell the rights to use the images on their platforms. They may keep up to 70 percent of the pictures’ proceeds (收益). Users also need to follow certain rules when using the images.
If companies find out that people are using their copyrighted images without permission, then “they can file lawsuits (诉讼),” Shen said. In this way, the platforms enforce (执行) photographers’ ownership rights. Without the help of these companies, it can be difficult for photographers to know if their pictures are being misused and even harder for them to take legal (法律的) action in response.
Meanwhile, there are many cases of people using photographers’ pictures without permission on online platforms. And the platforms’ attitude sometimes makes it worse. “There used to be a fake (虚假的) account claiming to be me on Douyin,” said Ji Zixuan, a 17-year-old photographer in Shenzhen, Guangdong province. “Because I don’t have an account there, Douyin refused to remove the fake account at first.”
A lack of effective online content moderation (内容审核) means it can be time-consuming for photographers to defend their rights. It leads to many photographers feeling apathetic (无动于衷的) about the copyright of their pictures.
12. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A. To introduce the VCG company. B. To defend Dai’s photo copyright.
C To lead in the topic of photo copyright. D. To warn people to use photos legally.
13. What is Shen Ran’s attitude toward VCG
A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Subjective.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The permission of using images. B. The lawsuits of the platform.
C. The function of companies like VCG. D. The legal actions of photographers.
15. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By giving explanations. B. By making comparisons.
C. By showing data. D. By raising examples.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了版权问题以及VCG公司的主要作用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The topic of photo copyright has been widely discussed recently. It started with a photographer called Dai Jianfeng receiving an email from the Visual China Group (VCG), saying that he used photos from VCG without permission (许可). However, the photos were taken by the photographer himself. It turned out to be a misunderstanding. Dai’s photos were then removed from the VCG website.(近年来，照片版权问题引起了广泛的讨论。一开始，摄影师戴剑锋收到了来自视觉中国集团(VCG)的电子邮件，称他未经许可使用了VCG的照片。然而，这些照片是摄影师自己拍摄的。结果是一场误会。戴的照片随后从VCG网站上删除)”可知，文章主要是为了用戴剑锋的例子引出文章的主题。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““In a sense, companies like VCG protect photographers’ rights,” said Shen Ran, a 26-year-old photographer who knows Dai.(从某种意义上说，像VCG这样的公司保护了摄影师的权利，认识戴的26岁摄影师沈然说。)”可知，沈然对于VCG的态度是支持的。故选A。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“If companies find out that people are using their copyrighted images without permission, then “they can file lawsuits (诉讼),”Shen said. In this way, the platforms enforce (执行) photographers’ ownership rights.(沈说，如果公司发现人们在未经许可的情况下使用他们的版权图像，那么“他们可以提起诉讼”。通过这种方式，这些平台强化了摄影师的所有权)”可知，第四段主要是关于VCG等公司的作用的介绍。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The topic of photo copyright has been widely discussed recently. It started with a photographer called Dai Jianfeng receiving an email from the Visual China Group (VCG), saying that he used photos from VCG without permission (许可). However, the photos were taken by the photographer himself. It turned out to be a misunderstanding. Dai’s photos were then removed from the VCG website.(近年来，照片版权问题引起了广泛的讨论。一开始，摄影师戴剑锋收到了来自视觉中国集团(VCG)的电子邮件，称他未经许可使用了VCG的照片。然而，这些照片是摄影师自己拍摄的。结果是一场误会。戴的照片随后从VCG网站上删除)”以及倒数第二段““There used to be a fake (虚假的) account claiming to be me on Douyin,” said Ji Zixuan, a 17-year-old photographer in Shenzhen, Guangdong province. “Because I don’t have an account there, Douyin refused to remove the fake account at first.”(“抖音上曾经有一个自称是我的假账号，”广东深圳17岁的摄影师季子轩说。“因为我在抖音没有账号，抖音一开始拒绝删除这个假账号。”)”可知，这篇文章主要通过举例子来展开文章的内容。故选D。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What to do about climate change
With scientists warning that 2023 could be the warmest ever, and destructive wildfires tearing through communities, the climate crisis is no longer a distant threat. Listed below are 3 things you cm do to reduce your carbon footprint and save yourself from climate despair (绝望).
___16___. Using energy with wisdom is one way to cut your carbon footprint. ___17___. Setting timers for appliances to run through the night, when demand is low, or during the brightest part of the day, to use solar, can help.
Avoid the skies. Aviation (航空) brings a significant challenge in achieving net-zero emissions (排放). Despite accounting for just three percent of global emissions, it is a rapidly growing source and difficult to decarbonize (碳减排). ___18___ No-fly travel companies are making overland travel more attractive. There is also a recovery of Europe’s night trains for low-carbon travel.
___19___. Whether you have a windowsill or a smallholding, growing your own herbs, flowers or vegetables can be beneficial. Not just to pollinators (传粉昆虫), which can feed off the plants, but to your mental health. ___20___. But it will help you reconnect with nature, which research suggests is good for our mental health—particularly amid alarming news about the climate.
A. Grow your own
B. Use energy widely
C. Use energy wisely
D. Cultivating a garden to absorb carbon
E. Sure, cultivating a garden isn’t going to absorb much carbon
F. It’s not just about how much energy you use but when you use it
G. Reducing air travel is recommended until battery and hydrogen planes become practical
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要针对如何应对气候变化提出一些建议。
16题详解】
设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题， 设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据空后“Using energy with wisdom is one way to cut your carbon footprint (明智地使用能源是减少碳足迹的一种方法)”可知，设空处应为合理使用能源，C项：Use energy wisely(合理使用能源)合乎题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据空后的“Setting timers for appliances to run through the night, when demand is low, or during the brightest part of the day, to use solar, can help.(在夜间用电需求低的时候，或者在一天中最亮的时候，为电器设置计时器，使用太阳能，会有所帮助)”可知，设空处应为何时使用有助于合理使用能源，F项：It’s not just about how much energy you use, but when you use it(这不仅仅是你用了多少能量的问题，而是你什么时候用的问题)和后句的具体介绍使用能源的时间相呼应。故选F。
【18题详解】
本段的小标题为“Avoid the skies.(避开天空)”。根据上句“Despite accounting for just three percent of global emissions, it is a rapidly growing source and difficult to decarbonize (碳减排)(尽管它只占全球排放量的3%，但它是一个快速增长的来源，而且很难脱碳)”可知，设空处应为减少航空旅行，G项：Reducing air travel is recommended until battery and hydrogen planes become practical(建议减少航空旅行，直到电池和氢燃料飞机成为现实)呼应小标题，合乎题意。故选G。
【19题详解】
设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题， 设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据后句“Whether you have a windowsill or a smallholding, growing your own herbs, flowers or vegetables can be beneficial.(无论你有窗台还是小农场，自己种植草药、鲜花或蔬菜都是有益的。)”可知，设空处应为种植自己的花园，A项：Grow your own(自己种植)合乎题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后句“But it will help you reconnect with nature, which research suggests is good for our mental health—particularly amid alarming news about the climate.(但它会帮助你与大自然重新建立联系，研究表明，这对我们的心理健康有好处，尤其是在有关气候的令人担忧的消息中。)”由but表示转折可知，设空处为种植花园的不好的地方，E项：Sure, cultivating a garden isn’t going to absorb much carbon(当然，种植花园不会吸收太多的碳)合乎题意。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小1分；满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles. Suddenly, a flight attendant asked an ___21___ question: “Does anyone know American ___22___ Language ”
Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call ___23___. The flight attendant came by and ___24___ the situation. “We have a passenger who’s blind and deaf. He seemed to want something, but we couldn’t understand what he ___25___.”
Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (读写困难) and knew she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s ___26___. So, she walked toward the front of the plane, and ___27___ down beside Tim Cook, then ___28___ taking his hand, she signed, “Are you OK ” Tim asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara ___29___ to her seat. But she came by again later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.
“I was like, ‘Wow, this is cool,’” Clara says. “I hope I don’t ___30___ anything wrong.”
“Actually, he didn’t need anything. He was ___31___ and just wanted to talk.” Clara says.
Clara talked about her family and her plans for the future. Tim told Clara how he had gradually become ___32___ and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. “Although he couldn’t see her, she looked attentively at his face with ___33___,” a passenger reported.
“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in an interview. “You could tell Tim was very excited to have someone he could ___34___, and she was such an ___35___.”
Tim’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”
21.
A. urgent B. interesting C. unnecessary D. embarrassing
22.
A. Social B. Sign C. Science D. Standard
23.
A. line B. button C. machine D. number
24.
A. proved B. reflected C. explained D. complained
25.
A. offered B. possessed C. needed D. carried
26.
A. ear B. hand C. mind D. arm
27.
A. fell B. settled C. calmed D. bent
28.
A. gently B. proudly C. bravely D. fiercely
29.
A. left B. returned C. came D. pointed
30.
A. review B. guess C. create D. spell
31.
A. lonely B. worried C. anxious D. doubtful
32.
A. sightless B. wealthy C. nervous D. successful
33.
A. impatience B. shyness C. confusion D. kindness
34.
A. refer to B. rely on C. speak to D. call on
35.
A. employee B. angel C. officer D. adult
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了 Clara Daly 利用手语在飞机上帮助一位盲人乘客的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，一名空姐问了一个紧急的问题:“有人懂美国手语吗 ”A. urgent紧急的；B. interesting令人感兴趣的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. embarrassing使人尴尬的，使人难堪的。根据““We have a passenger who’s blind and deaf. He seemed to want something, but we couldn’t understand what he ___5___.”(我们有一位又盲又聋的乘客。他似乎想要什么，但我们不明白他需要什么)”可知，空姐不明白这位又盲又聋的乘客的需求，所以急迫的寻求帮助。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. Social社交聚会；B. Sign指示牌，标志；C. Science科学；D. Standard标准。根据“We have a passenger who’s blind and deaf.( 我们有一位又盲又聋的乘客)”可知，这位乘客需要手语进行交流，且下文“Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia ”也是提示。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时15岁的克拉拉按下了呼叫按钮。A. line线，线条；B. button纽扣，扣子；C. machine机器；D. number数字。根据“Suddenly, a flight attendant asked an ___1___ question: “Does anyone know American ___2___ Language ”(突然，一名空姐急迫地问了一个问题:“有人懂美国手语吗 ”)”可知，克拉拉按下了呼叫按钮，对于空姐的问题进行回应。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：空姐过来解释了情况。A. proved证明；B. reflected反射；照出；C. explained解释；D. complained抱怨。根据““We have a passenger who’s blind and deaf. He seemed to want something, but we couldn’t understand what he ___5___.”(我们有一位又盲又聋的乘客。他似乎想要什么，但我们不明白他需要什么)”可知，空姐对情况进行解释。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一位又盲又聋的乘客。他似乎想要什么，但我们不明白他需要什么。A. offered提供；B. possessed拥有；具有（特质）；C. needed需要；D. carried拿；提。根据“He seemed to want something (他似乎想要什么)”和but表示转折可知，又盲又聋的乘客需要一些东西，但是空姐不明白他到底需要什么。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她可以用手指在他手上拼字。 A. ear耳朵；B. hand手；C. mind头脑，大脑；D. arm胳膊。根据“then ___8___ taking his hand, she signed, “Are you OK ” Tim asked for some water. (她轻轻地握住他的手，做了个手势:“你还好吗 ”)”可知，Clara可以用手指在他手上拼字。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，她走向飞机前部，在蒂姆·库克身边弯下腰。她轻轻地握住他的手，做了个手势:“你还好吗 ”蒂姆要了一些水。A. fell落下；B.settled解决，定居；C. calmed镇定下来；D.bent弯腰；使弯曲。根据“beside Tim Cook(蒂姆·库克的身边)”可知，Clara在蒂姆·库克身边弯下腰。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：于是，她走向飞机前部，在蒂姆·库克身边弯下腰。她轻轻地握住他的手，做了个手势:“你还好吗 ”蒂姆要了一些水。A. gently文静地，温柔地；B. proudly自豪地；C. bravely勇敢地；D. fiercely凶猛地，猛烈地。根据“taking his hand (握住他的手)”可知，Clara来帮助库克，轻轻的握住他的手。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：水来了，Clara回到座位上。A. left离开；B. returned返回；归还；C. came来；D. pointed指出。根据“But she came by again later because he wanted to know the time.(但她后来又来了，因为他想知道时间)”可知，Clara回到座位后，又来帮助库克看时间。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我没有拼错任何字。A. review仔细研究，审视；B. guess 猜测，估计；C. create创造；D. spell拼写。根据“she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s ___6___ (她可以用手指在他手上拼字。)”可知，Clara希望自己没有拼错任何字。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“实际上，他什么也不需要。他很孤独，只想和我聊聊天。”克拉拉说。A. lonely孤单的，寂寞的；B. worried担心的；C. anxious焦虑的，担心的；D. doubtful怀疑的，不确定的。根据“and just wanted to talk.(只是想聊聊天)”可知，库克很孤单，他只是想聊天。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：库克告诉Clara他是如何逐渐失明的，并分享了他当旅行推销员的故事。A. sightless盲的；看不见的；B. wealthy富有的，丰富的；C. nervous神经紧张的，担忧的；D. successful成功的。根据“We have a passenger who’s blind and deaf. (我们有一位又盲又聋的乘客。)”可知，库克和Clara分享自己是如何的是失明的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他看不见她，但她很用心地看着他的脸。A. impatience不耐烦，无耐心；B. shyness害羞；C. confusion 困惑，不明确；D. kindness 善良。根据“So, she walked toward the front of the plane, and ___7___ down beside Tim Cook, then ___8___ taking his hand, she signed,(她轻轻地握住他的手，做了个手势:“你还好吗 ”)”可知，Clara很友善的对待库克。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你可以看出库克非常兴奋，因为他有一个可以说话的人，而她就是这样一个天使。A. refer to参考，查阅；B. rely on依赖、依靠；C. speak to对……说话；D. call on拜访。根据“He was ___11___ and just wanted to talk (他很孤独，只是想聊聊天)”可知，库克因为他有一个可以说话的人变的非常兴奋，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. employee员工；B. angel天使；仁慈的人；C. officer官员，高级职员；D. adult成人。根据“Clara was amazing(克拉拉很了不起)”可知，Clara很友善的帮助库克并和他聊天，就如同天使一样。故选B。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The road to a Nobel prize is growing ever longer, with almost half of winners now ___36___ (wait) more than 20 years from making a Nobel-worthy discovery to receiving the prize.
One analysis shows that the average time between publishing the work and receiving one of the science ___37___ (prize) has nearly doubled in the past 60 years. “In the early 20th century, Nobel winners were often in ___38___ (they) 30s, but now it is unheard of,” says Santo Fortunato, ___39___ published a 2014 analysis of Nobel prizewinners since the award’s conception in 1901. His results showed that the time between winners’ prizewinning research and their Nobel had ___40___ (slow) increased over the years.
There are a number of possible reasons for this trend. It could be that the overall number of breakthroughs ___41___ (increase) each year, so awards cannot keep up ___42___ the number of people who deserve to be recognized. It is also the case that the importance of some works ___43___ (realize) only years or decades later.
On the other hand, the lengthening gap could be ___44___ sign that there has been a decrease in ‘disruptive’ science—___45___ (importance) studies or discoveries that change the paradigm (范式) of their field. This could be causing the Nobel committees to focus more on the past.
【答案】36. waiting
37. prizes 38. their
39. who 40. slowly
41. is increasing##increases
42. with 43. is realized
44. a 45. important
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔获奖者的平均年龄增加的原因。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通往诺贝尔奖的道路正变得越来越漫长，现在几乎有一半的获奖者等待了20多年，从一个值得诺贝尔奖的发现到获奖。此处是with复合结构，宾语almost half of winners和动词wait是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填waiting。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：一项分析显示，在过去60年里，从发表这项研究成果到获得一项科学奖的平均时间几乎翻了一番。one of后面应用复数形式，故填prizes。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：“在20世纪初，诺贝尔奖获得者通常是30多岁，但现在闻所未闻，”圣弗图纳托表示。自1901年诺贝尔奖诞生以来，他在2014年发表了一份对诺贝尔奖获得者的分析报告。in one’s+基数词复数，表示“在某人多少岁时”，故填their。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“在20世纪初，诺贝尔奖获得者通常是30多岁，但现在闻所未闻，”圣弗图纳托表示。自1901年诺贝尔奖诞生以来，他在2014年发表了一份对诺贝尔奖获得者的分析报告。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Santo Fortunato，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故填who。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：他的研究结果表明，从获奖者的获奖研究到他们的诺贝尔奖之间的时间在过去几年里缓慢增加。此处应用副词slowly作状语，修饰动词increased，故填slowly。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：可能是因为突破的总数每年都在增加，所以奖项的数量跟不上应该得到认可的人的数量。此处在句中作谓语，既可以表示某一阶段正在做某事，应用现在进行时，也可以描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是the number of breakthroughs，为单数意义，故填is increasing/increases。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：可能是因为突破的总数每年都在增加，所以奖项的数量跟不上应该得到认可的人的数量。keep up with固定搭配，意为“跟上”，故填with。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：有些作品的重要性也是在几年或几十年后才认识到的。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语 the importance of some works和动词realize是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数意义，be动词应用is，故填is realized。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：另一方面，这种差距的扩大可能是一个信号，表明“颠覆性”科学——改变其研究领域范式的重要研究或发现——正在减少。此处泛指一个信号，应用不定冠词来修饰，且sign发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：另一方面，这种差距的扩大可能是一个信号，表明“颠覆性”科学——改变其研究领域范式的重要研究或发现——正在减少。此处应用形容词important作定语，修饰名词studies，故填important。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，前不久学校举行了校运会。你将按照以下要点，以My School Sports Meet为题用英文写一篇稿件，向校报英语角栏目投稿。
1. 你在运动会期间的表现;
2. 你的感想。
注意：1. 可以增加细节，以使行文连贯;
2. 词数80词左右;
3. 文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
My School Sports Meet
The sports meet started on Sep. 27th, which lasted for three days and included races, jumps, throws, etc.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My School Sports Meet
The sports meet started on Sep. 27th, which lasted for three days and included races, jumps, throws, etc.
During the sports meet, I was very busy. I participated in the 100-meter dash, the long jump, and the discus throw. I was feeling pretty nervous before each event, but I managed to perform well. In the 100-meter dash, I finished in the top 5, and in the long jump, I placed third. However, I didn’t do very well in the discus throw and only managed to throw it about 20 meters.
Overall, I think the sports meet was a great success. It was very well organized and everyone had a great time.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，前不久学校举行了校运会。你将按照以下要点，以My School Sports Meet为题用英文写一篇稿件，向校报英语角栏目投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→take part in
忙碌的：busy→occupied
紧张的：nervous→anxious
完成：finish→achieve
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Overall, I think the sports meet was a great success. It was very well organized and everyone had a great time.
拓展句：Overall, I think the sports meet was a great success because it was very well organized and everyone had a great time.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I was feeling pretty nervous before each event, but I managed to perform well. (运用了but连接并列句)
[高分句型2] Overall, I think the sports meet was a great success. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At a neighbor’s pool the summer after sixth grade, Charley shouted out those famous last words, “Hey, watch this!” As he dove into the pool, Tad froze. It wasn’t the deep end!
Charley was hurt bad when he hit the bottom of the swimming pool. The doctor said he might have broken his back and could lose the use of his legs. His life would change forever. Tad didn’t see Charley for over a month after he was carried away in the screaming ambulance.
When Tad went to visit Charley in the hospital, his “Hey, dude, how’s it going ” was greeted by an annoyed grunt (嘟哝声) . Looking small and pale, Charley cried, “I can’t walk-how do you think I feel I wish I was dead!”
“Bro, you’ll get well! You’re tough.”
“No, the doctor said I won’t.”
“Aw, man. That’s horrible!” And the conversation died right there.
Tad didn’t go back after that. He just didn’t know what to say. When Charley got out of the hospital, Tad went over to his house a few times and played video games, but it just wasn’t the same. Not only was his friend’s body damaged, so was his spirit. Tad had made friends with other boys who enjoyed all the things he and Charley used to do. Even if he felt sad and guilty, he wasn’t spending more time at Charley’s. Tad wanted to help and be a good friend but didn’t know how now.
Charley just became sadder and sadder, and Tad spent less and less time with him as the school year passed.
When summer break started again, Tad didn’t see much of Charley. He had made the baseball team and didn’t have time for video games. At least he told himself that was the reason. He was shocked right before eighth grade started when he saw Charley sailing down the sidewalk with a big black dog by his wheelchair. “Wow, what’s this ” Said Tad, running over to his friend.
“This is Rowdy! He helps me.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
“Wow, what does he do ” Tad was interested.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After that, Tad could sense something had changed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
“Wow, what does he do ” Tad was interested. “Anything I tell him!” “Cool!” “Watch this!” “Pull!” With Rowdy pulling and Charley guiding, Tad had to run to keep up with them. At the gym, Rowdy opened the door for Charley to wheel on through. In class, Rowdy handed Charley his dropped pen and carried his books in his backpack. As Charley rolled to his next class, he drove Rowdy on and they went flying down the hallway. Tad was looking on and laughed happily, just like old times!
After that, Tad could sense something had changed. Charley was grinning at school for the first time since the accident. Yeah, the old Charley was back! Tad and Charley got to be besties again. Tad didn’t feel he had to watch what he said or be on guard to help his friend all the time. It wasn’t long before the dog was just one more guy included in everything that went on! More important, so was Charley, wheelchair and all.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了查理六年级毕业的时候撞到游泳池底，伤得很重。当泰德去医院看查理时，查理显得很愤怒，此后查理也和以前不一样了。泰德想帮忙，做一个好朋友，但现在不知道该怎么做。查理变得越来越悲伤，随着学年的流逝，泰德和他在一起的时间越来越少。后来查理有了一只狗，查理又恢复到以前那样了。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘哇，他是做什么的？’泰德很感兴趣。”可知，第一段可描写查理解释狗的用途以及他们和狗一起玩耍。
②由第二段首句内容“在那之后，泰德感觉到有些事情发生了变化。”可知，第二段可描写查理恢复到了以前的样子。
2.续写线索：泰德对狗感兴趣——查理解释——和狗玩耍——查理改变——泰德感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跟上：keep up with/catch up with
②带路：guide/lead
③帮助某人：help sb./give sb. a hand
情绪类
①快乐：happily/joyfully
②小心谨慎：be on guard/be careful/be discreet
【点睛】[高分句型1] As Charley rolled to his next class, he drove Rowdy on and they went flying down the hallway. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Tad didn’t feel he had to watch what he said or be on guard to help his friend all the time. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和what引导宾语从句)
听力 1—5 CBAAC 6—10 AABCC 11—15 BACCB 16—20 ACBBC

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