九年级英语(人教版)Unit12Life is full of the unexpected过去完成时(重点语法提升练)(含解析)

Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected(重点语法提升练)
过去完成时
定义:
 过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。
基本结构
  主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done)
  ①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词.
  ②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词.
  ③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词
  肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.
  否定回答:No,主语+had not .
  ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)?
过去完成时--判定
  1. 由时间状语来判定
  一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:
  ( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如:
  I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
  ( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如:
  We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
  ( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如:
  They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
  2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
  过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:
  ( 1 )宾语从句中
  当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如:
  She said that she had seen the film before.
  ( 2 )状语从句中
  在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。如:
  After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
  注意: before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如:
  After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
  (3)表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"
  We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
  3. 根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
一、单项选择
1.(2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测)—Did you see Jack at the party
—No, he ________ by the time I ________ there.
A.was leaving; got B.left; had got C.had left; got
2.(2023·江西上饶·统考模拟预测)— How long ________ the movie ________ when the students got there
— About ten minutes.
A.has; begun B.had; begun C.has; been on D.had; been on
3.(2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测)By the time I rushed into the theater, the show ________ for half an hour.
A.had begun B.began C.was on D.had been on
4.(2023·黑龙江绥化·校联考三模)—Lily was late again this morning. Mr. Wang was very angry with her.
—Yes. By the time she hurried into the classroom, the bell ________.
A.have rang B.had rung C.rung
5.(2023·河北沧州·校考二模)Jim was upset. When he got to the airport, his flight ________ off.
A.take B.took C.had taken D.has taken
6.(2023·四川成都·统考一模)By the time the rescue(营救)men came to help, Jack ________ to get out of the burning house.
A.managed B.has managed C.had managed
7.(2023·四川达州·统考二模)We ________ four important exams on English by the end of last month.
A.had had B.will have C.have had
8.(2023·四川成都·统考二模)It’s bad luck today! By the time I got to the train station, the train ________ for ten minutes.
A.has been away B.will be away C.had been away
9.(2023·湖北武汉·统考三模)Jason __________ Chinese in Wuhan for a year before the HSK test and passed it.
A.will learn B.learns C.had learned D.learned
10.(2023·上海杨浦·统考三模)Before I met Julie’s uncle at the restaurant yesterday afternoon, I ________ him.
A.have never seen B.had never seen C.will never see D.never see
11.(2023·湖北襄阳·统考一模)—Why didn’t you watch the movie Full River Red by Zhang Yimou with your friend last night
—Because I ________ it.
A.have seen B.saw C.will see D.had seen
12.(2023·江苏无锡·统考三模)—Do you still remember what the Trip Code (行程码) was used for
—Of course. It was used to show where you ________ in the last 14 days.
A.were B.will be C.have been D.had been
13.(2023·上海青浦·统考二模)By the time I got the note from Tom, I ________ him for what he said to me.
A.forgive B.will forgive C.had forgiven D.have forgiven
14.(2023·上海静安·统考二模)Martin ________ German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.
A.will study B.was studying C.has studied D.had studied
15.(2023·上海宝山·统考二模)By the end of last month, the medical team ________ in Africa for six months to look after the sick people there.
A.would stay B.has stayed C.will stay D.had stayed
16.(2023·上海普陀·统考二模)Michael ________ his work before he went to bed.
A.will finish B.finishes C.had finished D.has finished
17.(2023·上海奉贤·统考二模)By the end of last term, the students of Grade Nine ______ three projects.
A.finished B.would finish C.have finished D.had finished
18.(2023·上海虹口·统考二模)The famous writer ________ two novels by the end of last month.
A.writes B.is writing C.would write D.had written
19.(2023·上海静安·上海市回民中学校考二模)He said he ________ to study abroad but he gave it up because of the COVID-19.
A.planned B.would plan C.had planned D.has planned
20.(2023·上海浦东新·统考二模)By last month, the TV series Three-Body ________ a large audience.
A.attracts B.attracted C.had attracted D.has attracted
21.(2023·上海金山·统考二模)By the time we got to the station, the train ________ for ten minutes.
A.has left B.has been away C.had left D.had been away
22.(2023·上海黄浦·统考二模)I wondered if Jerry ________ his parents about his anxiety and worries of school life.
A.tells B.were telling C.has told D.had told
23.(2023·辽宁抚顺·统考二模)He ________ to play the piano before he was 10 years old.
A.has learned B.learned C.learns D.had learned
24.(2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·校联考一模)—How long ________ you ________ TV by the time I called you
—For about two hours.
A.had; watched B.have; watched C.did; watch
25.(2023·安徽·校联考一模)—Tom’s father is really busy recently. He often works late at the hospital before coming home.
—Yes. By the time he arrived home last night, Tom ______ asleep.
A.had fallen B.fell C.has fallen D.falls
26.(2023·上海松江·统考一模)By the time the rescue men came to help, Jack ________ to get out of the fallen house.
A.managed B.has managed C.had managed D.would manage
27.(2023·安徽亳州·校联考模拟预测)Ben told his father he ________ his homework two hours before.
A.Finishes B.had finished C.was finishing D.has finished
28.(2023·上海崇明·统考一模)By the end of last term, Lucy ________ learning the first book already.
A.finishes B.will finish C.has finished D.had finished
29.(2019·上海·中考真题)By the end of last month,Jane enough money for the poor sick boy.
A.raised B.would raise C.had raised D.has raised
30.(2023上·湖北孝感·九年级校考期中)The house ________ at the foot of a hill. When we arrived, the old man had ________ snacks out on the table.
A.lies; laid B.lays; lied C.lies; lay D.lays; lay
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
31.(2023·湖南永州·统考二模)When I arrived home, Li Tong (leave) already.
32.(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆市育才中学校考一模)By the end of last year, she (write) over 20 books.
33.By the age of six, he (learn) 500 English words.
34.He (teach) maths for a couple of years before he came to our school.
35.Yesterday was his son’s birthday. But by the time he got home from work, his son (fall) asleep.
36.By the time I reached home, my mother (cook) supper already.
37.By the time the factory was shut down, it (dump) its waste into the lake for years.
38.By the end of last year, they (plant) thousands of trees on the hill.
39.Lily found that she (lose) her key when she got home.
40.John said that he (read) the Chinese storybook twice.
三、完成句子
41.(2023·广东广州·广州市玉岩中学校考二模)他告诉我,他今年比赛获得了亚军。
He told me the second place this year.
42.(2023·湖北襄阳·统考一模)Jordan告诉父母他已经在学习上取得很大进步,但是锻炼也很重要.
Jordan told his parents that he his school, but exercise was also important.
43.(2023·山东枣庄·校考一模)他搬来这之前已在这工厂工作五年了。
He in the factory for five years before he here.
44.在警方到达之前,蜘蛛侠已经救了那个小女孩。
By the time the police arrived, Spider man little girl.
45.他说他上课从来没迟到过。
He said that he never late for class.
46.当他到家的时候,他的父母已吃过饭了。
When he got home, his parents already dinner.
47.今天早上太阳升起前我就醒了。
I before the sun rose this morning.
48.我直到昨晚才找到我的宠物狗。
I my pet dog until last night.
49.当我到那儿时,票已经卖光了。
When I got there, tickets .
50.李斌告诉我们他入伍两年了。
Li Bin told us that he in the army for two years.
参考答案:
1.C
【详解】句意:——你在聚会上看到杰克了吗?——没有,我到那里的时候他已经走了。
考查时态。根据“No, he ... by the time I ... there.”可知,“我到那里”发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,“他离开”发生在“我到那里”之前,应该用过去完成时。故选C。
2.D
【详解】句意:——当学生们进去的时候,电影播放了多久?——大约10分钟。
考查过去完成时。has/had助动词;begun开始,非延续动词;been on开始,表状态。根据“when the students got there”可知,when后面引导的从句是一般过去时,电影是在学生进去之前开始播放的,所以是过去的过去,助动词用had;因电影的播放是延续性动作,需用been on。故选D。
3.D
【详解】句意:当我冲进剧院时,演出已经开始半个小时了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I rushed into the theater”以及“for half an hour”可知,时态为过去完成时,其谓语动词构成为had done,此处表示延续性动作,应用“had been on”。故选D。
4.B
【详解】句意:——莉莉今天早上又迟到了。王老师对她生气。——是的,当她匆匆走进教室时,铃响了。
考查时态。by the time意为“到……时候(为止)”,介词短语,起连词作用,引导时间状语从句,从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时“had done”,表示截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去,故选B。
5.C
【详解】句意:吉姆很难过。当他到达机场时,他的航班已经起飞了。
考查动词时态。根据“When he got to the airport, his flight ... off.”可知,他的航班在他到达机场之前就已经起飞了,动作发生在过去的过去,空处用过去完成时,其结构为had done。故选C。
6.C
【详解】句意:当救援人员前来救援时,杰克已经设法走出了着火的房子。
考查过去完成时态。根据“By the time the rescue men came to help”可知,空格处动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,结构为“had+done”,故选C。
7.A
【详解】句意:我们在上个月月底考了四场英语考试。
考查时态。根据句中信息“by the end of last month”可知,意思为“到上个月月末为止”,因此为过去式,而考试发生在月末之前,因此谓语在描述过去的过去,用“过去完成时”。故选A。
8.C
【详解】句意:今天运气真坏!我到火车站的时候,火车已经离开10分钟了。
考查过去完成时。从句使用了一般过去时,到达火车站是过去的一个时间点,在到达火车站之前已经发生的事应该使用过去完成时。过去完成时结构为“had+过去分词”,故选C。
【分析】易错分析:本题易错选A,要弄清时间节点是截止到过去还是现在,在过去的时间点之前已经发生的动作应该用过去完成时。
9.C
【详解】句意:在HSK考试通过前,Jason已经在武汉学习了一年的汉语。
考查时态。根据“before the HSK test and passed it”可知,他学汉语发生在“过去的过去”,时态用过去完成时(had done)。故选C。
10.B
【详解】句意:昨天下午我在餐厅遇见朱莉的叔叔之前,我从未见过他。
考查过去完成时。根据“Before I met Julie’s uncle at the restaurant yesterday afternoon,”可知,“从未见过他”这个动作是发生在“昨天下午见到朱莉叔叔”之前,发生在过去的过去需用过去完成时,其结构是:had+过去分词。故选B。
11.D
【详解】句意:——昨天晚上你为什么没和你的朋友一起去看由张艺谋的电影《满江红》呢?——因为我已经看过这部电影了。
考查过去完成时。根据语境可知,我在昨天晚上之前就已经看过这部电影了,动作发生在过去的过去,因此用过去完成时,过去完成时的结构为:had+过去分词,see的过去分词是seen。故选D。
12.D
【详解】句意:——你还记得行程码的用途吗?——当然。它是用来显示你在过去14天里去过哪里的。
考查时态。根据“It was used to show where you...in the last 14 days.”可知,此处强调“过去的过去”,用过去完成时结构“had+动词过去分词”,故选D。
13.C
【详解】句意:当我收到汤姆的便条时,我已经原谅了他对我说的话。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I got the note from Tom”可知,主句时态为过去完成时,表示过去的过去,意为“在我收到Tom的便条之前,我就原谅了Tom”,by the time意为“在……之前”,by the time+从句用一般过去时时态,主句用过去完成时。故选C。
14.D
【详解】句意:马丁在德国工作之前已经学习了近两年的德语。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“...German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.”可知,在他去德国工作之前学习德语,before引导的从句是一般过去时,主句的动作是发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,结构为“had+过去分词”。故选D。
15.D
【详解】句意:到上个月底,医疗队已经在非洲待了六个月,照顾那里的病人。
考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last month”可知,时态是过去完成时,结构是had done。故选D。
16.C
【详解】句意:迈克尔在睡觉前完成了他的工作。
考查过去完成时。根据“Michael...his work before he went to bed.”可知,“完成工作”这一动作发生在“睡觉”前,用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故选C。
17.D
【详解】句意:到上学期末,九年级的学生已经完成了三个项目。
考查过去完成时。by the end of last term“到上学期末”,是过去完成时的标志词,故句子需要用过去完成时,即had+done。故选D。
18.D
【详解】句意:到上个月底,这位著名作家已经写了两部小说。
考查动词时态。根据“by the end of last month”可知,此句用过去完成时had done的结构,故选D。
19.C
【详解】句意:他说,他本来计划出国留学,但因为新冠肺炎而放弃了。
考查过去完成时。根据“He said he...to study abroad but he gave it up because of the COVID-19.”可知,“计划出国留学”的动作发生在“放弃”之前,用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故选C。
20.C
【详解】句意:到上个月为止,电视剧《三体》已经吸引了大量的观众。
考查过去完成时。由“By last month”可知本句时态为过去完成时,句型结构为:主语had done。故选D。
21.D
【详解】句意:当我们到达车站时,火车已经开了十分钟了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time we got to the station”可知到达车站时已是过去的事情,而火车已经开了十分钟了是发生在到达车站之前的,应用过去完成时,排除选项A和B;由“for ten minutes”可知此处的动词应用延续性动词,left为非延续性动词,故排除C选项。故选D。
22.D
【详解】句意:我想知道杰瑞是否告诉父母他对学校生活的焦虑和担心。
考查过去完成时。主句时态是过去时态,从句应是过去里的时态,排除AC;由语境可知,“告诉”的动作发生在“想知道”之前,用过去完成时had done,故选D。
23.D
【详解】句意:他在10岁之前就学会了弹钢琴。
考查时态。根据时间状语从句“before he was 10 years old”可知,主句谓语动作发生在“他10岁之前”,即“过去的过去”,时态用过去完成时:had done。故选D。
24.A
【详解】句意:——我打电话给你时,你看电视多久了?——大约两小时了。
考查时态。根据“by the time I called you”可知此处表示过去的过去,用过去完成时。故选A。
25.A
【详解】句意:——汤姆的父亲最近真的很忙,他经常在医院工作到很晚才回家。——对,昨晚他到家时,汤姆已经睡着了。
考查过去完成时。由“By the time he arrived home last night”可知,从句是“by the time+一般过去时”,主句用过去完成时,表示“过去的过去”。过去完成时结构为“had+动词的过去分词”,fall的过去分词是fallen,故选A。
26.C
【详解】句意:当救援人员前来救援时,杰克已经设法从倒塌的房子里逃出来了。
考查时态。根据“By the time the rescue men came to help”可知,杰克逃出来的动作发生在救援人员到来之前,应用过去完成时had done。故选C。
27.B
【详解】句意:本告诉他爸爸他两个小时前就做完了作业。
考查动词时态。“完成作业”在“告诉”动作之前,结合told可知,此处要用过去完成时,表示过去的过去,故选B。
28.D
【详解】句意:直到上学期末,露西已经学完了第一本书。
考查过去完成时态。根据“By the end of last term”及“already”可知,时间是过去的过去,时态应是过去完成时。过去完成时态had+done。故选D。
29.C
【详解】句意:到上个月底,简已经为那个可怜的生病男孩筹到了足够的钱。
A. raised筹钱;B. would raise会筹钱;C. had raised已经筹钱;过去完成时;D. has raised已经筹钱,现在完成时。根据时间状语By the end of last month可知用过去完成时,其结构是had done的形式。根据题意,故选C。
30.A
【详解】句意:这所房子坐落在山脚下。当我们到达时,这个老人已经在桌子上放好了零食。
考查时态和动词辨析。lies位于,坐落在;laid放(过去式);lay放。根据“The house…at the foot of a hill.”可知,房子坐落在山脚下,应该用lie,且陈述客观事实,应该用一般现在时,主语The house是第三人称单数,故第一空填lies。根据“the old man…snacks out on the table.”可知,老人放好了零食,应该用lay,根据“had”可知,此处句子时态为过去完成时时,lay的过去分词是laid。故选A。
31.had left
【详解】句意:当我到家的时候,李彤已经离开了。由“already”可知,用完成时态,根据“arrived home”可知,“到家”这一动作发生在过去,而“李彤离开家”发生在“到家”之前,因此时态应该用过去完成时。故填had left。
32.had written
【详解】句意:到去年年末为止,她已经写了超过20本书。根据“By the end of last year”可知要用过去完成时had+过去分词。write“写”的过去分词为written。故填had written。
33.had learned
【详解】句意:到6岁时,他已经学会了500个英语单词。根据“By the age of six”可知,句子应用过去完成时:had+动词的过去分词。故填had learned。
34.had taught
【详解】句意:他来我们学校之前教了几年数学。根据时间状语从句“before he came to our school”可知,主句的动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,其构成是had+done,teach的过去分词是taught。故填had taught。
35.had fallen
【详解】句意:昨天是他儿子的生日。但当他下班回家时,他的儿子已经睡着了。根据“by the time he got home from work, his son...asleep”可知睡觉的动作发生在回家之前,故此处用过去完成时had done。故填had fallen。
36.had cooked
【详解】句意:到我到家的时候,我的妈妈已经做好晚饭了。根据“By the time I reached home”可知此处的动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,其谓语结构为“had+done”,故填had cooked。
37.had dumped
【详解】句意:到这家工厂被关闭的时候,它已经往湖里倒了很多年的垃圾了。根据“By the time the factory was shut down”可知,这里用过去完成时的时间状语,表示过去的过去。故填had dumped。
38.had planted
【详解】句意:到去年年底,他们已经在山上种植了数千棵树。plant“种植”,动词。根据“By the end of last year”可知,句子是过去完成时:had done。故填had planted。
39.had lost
【详解】句意:莉莉回家后发现钥匙丢了。结合语境可知,“丢钥匙”发生在“到家”之前,“到家”已经是一般过去时,所以“丢钥匙”应用过去完成时,表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成的动作,也就是过去的过去,结构是had+动词的过去分词。lose“丢”,过去分词是lost。故填had lost。
40.had read
【详解】句意:约翰说这本中国故事书他已经读过两遍了。“John said”是过去的动作,“读中国故事书”发生在“约翰说”之前,属于过去的过去,用过去完成时,故填had read。
41. he had won
【详解】句子是宾语从句,省略了引导词that,主句是一般过去时,“获得亚军”发生在“告诉我”之前,即“过去的过去”,从句用过去完成时(had done)。he“他”作从句主语,win“赢得”的过去分词是won。故填he;had;won。
42. had made great progress in
【详解】make great progress in“在……取得巨大进步”,根据“已经”可知,要用完成时,结合told以及主过从必过可知,从句用过去完成时had done的结构,故填had;made;great;progress;in。
43. had worked moved
【详解】work“工作”,动词;move“搬家”,动词。根据语境可知,“搬到这里”是过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,动词需用过去式。before引导的主从复合句,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时(had done),表示过去的过去。故填had worked;moved。
44. had saved
【详解】“救”save。根据“By the time the police arrived”和汉语“已经救了”可知,时态是过去完成时,结构是(had done),故填had;saved。
45. had been
【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查过去完成时,分析句子可知,句子含有that引导的宾语从句,由“never”可知从句的时态为现在完成时,而由主句“He said”为一般过去时可知,从句的时态应为过去完成时,其谓语结构为“had+done”,be late for“迟到”,故填had;been。
46. had had/eaten
【详解】分析句意可知,“吃过饭”是发生在“他到家”之前,“他到家”是一般过去时,所以“吃过饭”应用过去完成时,表示过去的过去。结构为had done。表示“吃”可以用have或eat,此处应用过去分词had/eaten。故填had;had/eaten。
47. had waken up
【详解】“before”引导时间状语从句,从句为一般过去时,根据中文含义“醒来”在“太阳升起”之前发生,要用过去完成时,“醒来”译为“wake up”,过去完成时结构“had done”,故填had;waken;up。
48. hadn’t found
【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查短语not...until“直到……才”和动词find“找到”,而由“until last night”可知事情发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,其谓语结构为“had+done”,故填hadn’t;found。
49. had been sold out
【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查短语sell out“卖光”,根据“When I got there”可知此处事件发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,而主语tickets和谓语动词sell out之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,过去完成时的被动语态的谓语结构为“had been done”,故填had;been;sold;out。
50. had been
【详解】根据题干中的“for two years”可知,for加时间段表示完成时态,且动词要用延续性动词,be in…“加入……”是延续性动词;再联系题干中的动词过去式“told”以及“主过从必过”可知,句子应为过去完成时,过去完成时结构为:had+done。故填had;been。

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