2022-2023学年高二年级上学期联合调研试题
英 语
考生注意：
1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡各题的题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will Karen have
A.Spicy snacks. B.Salty cookies. C.Cakes.
2.How is the woman advised to go to the store
A.On foot. B.By bus. C.By car.
3. What do the speakers say about Ann
A. She is rather emotional.
B.She is rarely cheerful.
C.She is quite humorous.
4. What does the man imply about Mark
A.He has cleaned up his room.
B. He won’t clean úp his room.
C.His room isn’t dirty at all.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.A Chinese legend.
B.The discovery of Chinese tea.
C.A great person in ancient China
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6.Why couldn’t Mike sleep well last night
A. He was kept awake with the light on.
B.He quarrelled with his roommate.
C.He was worried about his paper.
7.When did Mike probably fall asleep
A.Around 10:30 pm.
B.Around 11:30 pm. C.Around 12:30 am.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8.Which foreign language is John best at
A’Chinese. B.Spanish. C.Japanese.
9. From whom did John learn the
A.The woman’s brother. B.The school C.His neighbors
10. How many foreign languages can the woman’s brother
A.2 B.4. C.5
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11.What does Jim want to become
A.A teacher B.A doctor. C.Achemist
12. What influenced the woman’s choice of career
A.Her high school
B.Her family.
C.Her teachers.
13.What will Jim do tonight
A.Talk to Mrs.Brown.
B.Give a lecture
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the number of adult students in BCPS
A.110,000. B.170,000. C.261,000.
15.What is a feature of BCPS
A.There are many international students.
B.Classes are given in different languages.
C.Almost all the students are adults.
16,Where will the speakers go first
A.The No.25 teaching building.
B.The school library.
C.The science building.
17.What color is the No.25 teaching building
A.Red B.Gray C.White
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18.What was Chacha doing when animal experts saw him
A.Walking in the neighborhood.
B.Climbing power lines.
C.Running after workers.
19.Ilow did people get Chacha down
A. By using a gun with some drug.
B.By using a cherry picker.
C.By using a net.
20.What is the speaker
A.A radio hostess. B.A zookeeper C.Achemist
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some Favorite European Attractions for Chinese Tourists
Bicester Village
The outskirts of the Oxfordshire town is the second most visited UK attraction for Chinese tourists — after Buckingham Palace Three in four Chinese visitors head to Bicester aided by Mandarin signs and announcements at London Marylebone; others travel by tour bus.
King’ s College, Cambridge
A famous tree — for Chinese people at least — can be found in King ‘ s College, Cambridge. The willow, ignored by most, is mentioned in a much - loved poem by Xu Zhimo, “Taking Leave of Cam - bridge Again.” Xu spent a year studying at King’s College , where he was entranced (使入迷) by the works of Keats and Shelley , before returning to China to lead its modern poetry movement . Xu died at the age of just 34 in a plane crash and the willow is now considered by his fans to be a mark. A memorial stone can be found beside the tree—an essential spot for Chinese tourists to take a photo.
Outletcity
Germany’s answer to Bicester Village is Outletcity in Metzingen, the town in Baden - Wurttem - berg, close to Frankfurt, where Hugo Boss was founded. It has little to attract anyone beyond scores of factories. Hugo Boss was the first, but Prada, Nike, Burberry, Armani and Gucci have since followed suit.
Bonn
The former West German capital is another popular port of all. Chinese people love classical music— particularly Beethoven— making his birthplace an obvious highlight of any trip to Europe. The city’s tourist board offers maps in three foreign languages: English, Chinese and Japanese.
Verona
Both British and Chinese travellers like Venice, Rome and Florence — but Verona typically appears higher on the wish lists of China ‘ s tourists. That’s because of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. The play is popular on UK shores, of course, but the love is doubled in China as it was among the first of the Shakespeare’s works to be translated into Mandarin, while its plot is similar to a famous Chinese folk tale, The Butter fly Lovers.
1. ________ is the first most visited UK attraction for Chinese tourists.
A. Buckingham Palace B. Bicester Village
C. London Marylebone D. The Shakespeare’s birthplace
2. According to the text, which part in Germany is equal to Bicester Village in the UK
A. Outletcity. B. Bonn. C. Frankfurt. D. Berlin.
3. ________ have something to do with Chinese literature.
A. King’ s College, Cambridge and Bonn
B. Bonn Bicester and Village
C. King’ s College, Cambridge and Verona
D. Outletcity and Verona
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个中国游客最喜欢的欧洲景点，比斯特购物村，剑桥大学国王学院，麦琴根购物村，波恩和维罗那。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The outskirts of the Oxfordshire town is the second most visited UK attraction for Chinese tourists — after Buckingham Palace.（这座牛津郡小镇的郊区是中国游客到访英国的第二大景点，仅次于白金汉宫）”可知，中国游客到访最多的景点是白金汉宫。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Germany’s answer to Bicester Village is Outletcity in Metzingen, the town in Baden - Wurttem - berg, close to Frankfurt, where Hugo Boss was founded.（德国的麦琴根购物村相当于比斯特村。麦琴根是巴登-符腾堡州的一个小镇，靠近法兰克福，雨果波士就是在那里创立的。）”可知，这里是说德国的麦琴根购物村相当于比斯特购物村。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Xu spent a year studying at King’s College , where he was entranced (使入迷) by the works of Keats and Shelley , before returning to China to lead its modern poetry movement .（徐志摩在国王学院学习了一年，在那里他被济慈和雪莱的作品迷住了，然后回到中国领导中国的现代诗歌运动）”，以及最后一段第二句“The play is popular on UK shores, of course, but the love is doubled in China as it was among the first of the Shakespeare’s works to be translated into Mandarin, while its plot is similar to a famous Chinese folk tale, The Butter fly Lovers.（当然，这部剧在英国很受欢迎，但在中国，这种爱是成倍的，因为它是莎士比亚首批被翻译成中文的作品之一，而它的情节类似于中国著名的民间故事《梁祝》。）”可知，与中国文学有关的是剑桥国王学院和维罗纳。故选C项。
B
In the past year, Jeanne Raitt has had many roles while working with medical students at the KU School of Medicine-Wichita. She’s been the mom of a 5-year-old son with a serious illness, a patient relying on pain medication, and the daughter of a woman diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.
Raitt is among 85 Wichitans who participate in the school’s standardized patient program. She and others in the program have been trained by staff at the Wichita campus’ standardized patient center to role-play patients or family members. The sessions enable students to practice their skills in taking medical histories, communication, interpersonal relationships, and their ability to handle sensitive issues and embarrassing situations.
“We provide a safe environment for students to practice their clinical skills before they see actual patients,” explains Jennifer Brantley, assistant director of the standardized patient center.
Take the case of 55-year-old Ellen Humphries, a college professor who is being seen for abdominal (腹部的)pain. After an exam, students and professors discuss how to treat someone like Ellen, who is educated, well-known in the community, and who isn’t willing to stick to medical recommendations.
“This is a great way to give medical students hands-on learning and training,” says Raitt. “I love watching how students learn about the variety of the cases and seeing how willing they are to accept feedback from us. Plus, it’s a bonus to get a little checkup now and then.”
For Natashia Gafford, being a standardized patient has provided her with reassurance that future doctors will be able to handle different situations. Gafford, who is the mother of six boys, particularly likes it when her role-playing corresponds with real-life issues she can relate to, such as advocating for her children’s health. “It puts my mind at ease as a parent to know that doctors will learn how to take parents into consideration,” she says.
4. What did Raitt experience last year
A. She took part in a medical program.
B. Her son suffered from a serious illness.
C. She relied on pain killer to relieve pain.
D. Her mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.
5. What is right about Humphries
A. She suffered from very rare abdominal pain.
B. She refuses to follow doctors’ advice.
C. She is a well-educated doctor herself.
D. She enjoys a not good reputation in her neighborhood.
6. What does Gafford say about her role-playing experience
A. It arouses her interest in medicine.
B. It builds her confidence in doctors.
C. It helps her recognize common childhood illnesses.
D. It offers her a bonus of regular checkups.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. How to become a doctor: A step-by-step guide
B. Doctor-patient relationship: A technical model
C. Why sticking to medical recommendations matters
D. Standardized patients teach skills and sympathy
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学校标准化患者计划，使学生能够练习他们的病历记录、沟通、人际关系以及处理敏感问题和尴尬情况的能力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Raitt is among 85 Wichitans who participate in the school's standardized patient program.(瑞特是85名参加该校标准化病人项目的威奇托人之一)”可知，瑞特去年参加了一个医学项目。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“After an exam, students and professors discuss how to treat someone like Ellen, who is educated, well-known in the community, and who isn’t willing to stick to medical recommendations.(在一次考试后，学生和教授们讨论如何对待像艾伦这样的人，她受过良好的教育，在社区里很有名，而且不愿意坚持医学建议)”可知， Humphries拒绝听从医生的建议。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For Natashia Gafford, being a standardized patient has provided her with reassurance that future doctors will be able to handle different situations.(对娜塔莎·加福德来说，成为一名标准的病人让她确信未来的医生将能够处理不同的情况)”可推知，加福德对她的角色扮演经历的评价是：这建立了她对医生的信心。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了学校标准化患者计划，珍妮·雷特和其他参与该项目的人员在威奇托校区的标准化患者中心接受了角色扮演患者或家庭成员的培训。这使学生能够练习他们的病历记录、沟通、人际关系以及处理敏感问题和尴尬情况的能力。所以D项“标准化的病人传授技能和同情心”能概括文章内容，适合用作文章标题。故选D项。
C
Heat can kill. It lowers a worker’s ability to concentrate and leads to notable increases in workplace injuries, research suggests.
Yet, for reasons including financial need, workplace pressure and a lack of awareness of the health impacts of high temperatures, many people continue to work past their heat tolerance. Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industry, are the most affected by rising heat. Even the fittest people in the world are impressionable like the Olympic athletes collapsing in the baking heat of Tokyo.
There are some easy ways to reduce the risk of heat exhaustion (热衰竭). Optimizing work hours to avoid workers being out when the sun is at its hottest may have the greatest effect on employee health.
Individualized, wearable sensors could be a useful tool for determining likely heat exhaustion. Early adoption of these devices would be a win-win, according to Dr Jennifer Runkle, an environmental epidemiologist (流行病学家): boosting productivity and reducing injury “while ensuring the health and safety of an ageing workforce and reducing the risk of heat exhaustion”.
Wider take-up of wearable heat sensors by employees, employers and healthcare providers would also help overcome gaps in heat awareness.
“One important finding we discovered in our research with outdoor workers is that there was a mismatch between workers ability to sense heat risk and their actual exposure to extreme heat gained by wearables” , said Dr Runkle.
Another aid could be wearable cooling technology, but such devices are limited in availability. One such device is Sony’s Reon Pocket 2, which it launched in April. A wearable cooling or warming device worn inside clothing, it uses electrical conductors that transfer (转移) heat when electricity is run through them.
There are promising examples of companies taking more responsibility for protecting workers from extreme heat, such as managers of bus drivers in Jinan, China. Responsible employers should be providing drinks and shaded rest areas to outdoor workers.
8. What does the underlined word “impressionable” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Highly impressive. B. Slightly sensible. C. Easily influenced. D. Hardly evaluated.
9. What did Dr Runkle find out
A. The workforce was ageing rapidly.
B. Wearable heat sensors lacked great accuracy.
C. Employers attached little importance to heat exhaustion.
D. Workers’ heat awareness and actual heat were different.
10. Why are bus drivers in Jinan mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To stress the popularity of Reon Pocket 2.
B. To show their employers are responsible.
C. To reveal they are very tolerant of extreme heat.
D. To describe their unbearable pressure of work.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Adjustments to Work Hours Can Be Life-saving.
B. Campaigners Are Calling for Workplace Protection.
C. How Can New Technology Protect Outdoor Workers
D. How Were Body Temperature Monitors Invented
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industry, are the most affected by rising heat.(户外工作人员，尤其是建筑业和农业行业的工作人员，受高温影响最大。)”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“即使是世界上最健康的人也容易受影响，就像奥运会运动员在东京的高温中倒下一样”，划线词impressionable的意思是“容易受影响”，和Easily influenced意思相近，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的““One important finding we discovered in our research with outdoor workers is that there was a mismatch between workers ability to sense heat risk and their actual exposure to extreme heat gained by wearables” , said Dr Runkle.(朗克尔博士说:“我们在对户外工作者的研究中的一个重要发现是，工作者感知热风险的能力与他们实际接触到的可穿戴设备带来的极端高温之间存在不匹配。”)”可知，Dr Runkle发现工人的热意识与实际热情况不同。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There are promising examples of companies taking more responsibility for protecting workers from extreme heat, such as managers of bus drivers in Jinan, China.(在保护员工免受酷暑伤害方面，有一些公司承担更多责任的例子，比如中国济南公交车司机的管理人员。)”可知，最后一段提到济南的公交车司机是为了显示他们的雇主是负责任的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段的“Individualized, wearable sensors could be a useful tool for determining likely heat exhaustion.(个性化的可穿戴传感器可能是确定可能的中暑衰竭的有用工具。)”和倒数第二段的“Another aid could be wearable cooling technology, but such devices are limited in availability.(另一种帮助可能是可穿戴冷却技术，但这种设备的可用性有限。)”可知，本文主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术，因此最好的标题是C选项“How Can New Technology Protect Outdoor Workers (新技术如何保护户外工作者？)”，故选C。
D
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty frightening. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age- related memory loss.
After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts become smaller, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.
You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive (认知的) reserve, Daffner says.
“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways.” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a widely known to boost the brain.
12. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously
A. Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
B. Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences.
C. Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D. Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.
13. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up
A. Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.
B. Stop medications affecting memory.
C. Turn to a professional for assistance.
D. Exercise to improve their well being.
14. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice for fight against memory loss
A. Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B. Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C. Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D. Staying active both physically and mentally.
15. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “boost” in the last paragraph
A. Reduce. B. Benefit. C. Increase. D. Depress.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了痴呆的风险随着年龄的增加而增加，并提出了预防痴呆症的建议。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.”（他说，当你忘记整个经历时，这是“一个危险信号，可能涉及到更严重的事情”。忘记如何操作一个熟悉的东西，比如微波炉，或者忘记如何开车去你以前去过很多次的朋友家，也可能是出了问题的迹象。）可知，人们对完全忘了如何做一天的日常工作的症状应该认真对待。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory.”（Daffner 建议去看医生，检查药物、健康问题和其他可能影响记忆的问题。）可知，当出现严重失忆的迹象时，人们应该向专业人士寻求帮助。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, ”（换句话说，让你的大脑忙碌起来。同时也要锻炼身体，）可知，Dr. Daffner的建议是保持身体和精神上的活跃。故选D项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中““Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways.” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a widely known to boost the brain.”（读书、看电影、培养新的爱好或活动，这些都能促使你以新颖的方式思考。他说。换句话说，让你的大脑保持忙碌和工作。同时也要积极锻炼身体，因为众所周知，锻炼可以boost大脑。）可知，身心锻炼有益大脑，推测划线单词与B项benefit“对……有益”意义相近。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You form an impression ofa person based on his postures, gestures and facial expressions, as soon as you meet, or even see him. This is why it is important to make a good first impression on the person who will be interviewing you. Within the first 60 seconds of meeting you, the interviewer will have formed an impression about what type of person you are and what kind of employee you would become, and ____16____. Here are some tips to make that impression a good one.
First of all, relax. Think positive thoughts and you are more likely to come across as a positive, confident person during the interview. ____17____ as your appearance is one of the first things an interviewer will notice you. Stand up straight, and walk in with your shoulders back and your head up. ____18____ because this suggests fear and uncertainty. Shake hands with the interviewer firmly. You should havé a positive handshake and a warm smile. Opening your coat or jacket as you sit down shows that you, too, are open.
____19____. You should be sitting well back in your seat. Sit up straight and lean forward slightly, but not too much. Sitting at too much of an angle expresses discomfort and distrust. Two of the most common defensive (防卫的) signals are crossing your arms and legs， so try to avoid them.
Another important issue is eye contact. Looking someone in the eye shows confidence in yourself and trust’in the other person. However, don’t overdo it, as too much eve contact or staring will make the other person uncomfortable. Use more eye contact when listening than when talking, and when you look away, look down. ______20______.
A. 55% of chis will be based only on your body language
B. Posture is important
C. it will be wise of you to focus on the interviewer
D. walk as fast as possible with a smile
E. Dress smartly
F. Looking up at the ceiling will make you seem bored or rude
G Try to avoid slowing down as you walk into the room
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了在面试中如何给人留下良好的第一印象的几点建议，包括放松、穿着整洁、心态积极、握手及微笑、坐姿仪态、眼神交流等。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Within the first 60 seconds of meeting you, the interviewer will have formed an impression about what type of person you are and what kind of employee you would become, and(在见到你的头60秒内，面试官就会对你是什么样的人、你将成为什么样的员工形成印象)”可知，在面试官见到的前60秒内，面试官会对你将成为什么样的员工形成印象。A选项“55% of chis will be based only on your body language(55%的信息只取决于你的肢体语言)”承接前文，指出面试官对你的印象，其中55%的信息取决于你的肢体语言，符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据后文“as your appearance is one of the first things an interviewer will notice you. (因为你的外表是面试官注意到你的第一件事)”可知，因为外表是面试官注意的第一件事，所以此处强调外表的重要性。E选项“Dress smartly(穿着得体)”指出穿着得体，注重外表，符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前文“ Stand up straight, and walk in with your shoulders back and your head up.(站直，走进去时肩膀向后仰，抬头)”可知，此处强调的是站姿和走路的姿势。G选项“Try to avoid slowing down as you walk into the room(当你走进房间时，尽量避免放慢速度)”承接前文话题，指出走路时尽量避免放慢速度，符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据后文“You should be sitting well back in your seat. Sit up straight and lean forward slightly, but not too much. (你应该好好坐在你的座位上。坐直，身体微微前倾，但不要过度)”可知，此处解释保持良好的坐姿，强调坐姿的重要性。B选项“Posture is important(姿势很重要)”概括本段内容，符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Use more eye contact when listening than when talking, and when you look away, look down.(倾听的时候眼神交流要比说话的时候多，当你看向别处的时候，目光要往下看)”可知，此处指出的是在与他人交流时，眼神的交流很重要，并且要注意看别处时，目光要往下看。F选项“Looking up at the ceiling will make you seem bored or rude(抬头看天花板会让你看起来很无聊或粗鲁)”承接前文，指出在与他人交流时，避免抬头看天花板，因为这会让你看起来很无聊和粗鲁，符合语境。故选F。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节;满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a long history in China. Much of the wisdom____21____by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today. One of China’ s early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, who lived in the sixth century AD. He spent his time doing___22___into agriculture. He collected information, did experiments and learnt from the___23___of farmers.
Around 540 AD, he wrote a book called Qimin Yaoshu.The book is about both farming and____24____It includes advice on the following____25____growing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals. Jia Sixie’ s book is a practical guide for farming. Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time of the year. If you sow seeds and___26___ young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and___27___will be better. The ___28___of the soil is also very important. Examine the soil on your farm ___29___. If the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it. Before sowing or planting crops,you must clean rough ground and___30___weeds. The best harvest is reached when farmers___31___the crops in their fields. For example, do not-plant rice____32____in the same field. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will ___33___ good crops.
Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with___34___between the plants, but Jia did experiments and___35___that planting wheat close together was better.
21.
A. recovered B. discovered C. reported D. impressed
22.
A. research B. theory C. experiment D. statistics
23.
A. adventure B. experience C. tradition D. association
24.
A. nursing B. producing C. gardening D. trading
25.
A. programs B. topics C. events D. subjects
26.
A. grow B. mix C. drop D. throw
27.
A. results B. bonds C. hopes D. dreams
28.
A. application B. situation C. combination D. condition
29.
A. gently B. carefully C. gradually D. frequently
30.
A. loosen B. relieve C. remove D. lower
31.
A. surround B. enhance C. change D. improve
32.
A. one after another B. now and then C. year after year D. here and there
33.
A. harvest B. collect C. generate D. export
34.
A. layers B. patterns C. balance D. space
35.
A. decided B. bet C. intended D. showed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国古代农业科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国早期科学家发现的许多智慧对今天的农民和园丁仍然有用。A. recovered恢复；B. discovered发现；C. reported报告；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据后文“by early Chinese scientists”可知，被中国早期科学家所发现的许多智慧如今是依旧有用的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把时间花在研究农业上。A. research研究；B. theory理论；C. experiment实验；D. statistics数据。根据前文“One of China’ s early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie”可知，贾思勰是我国古代的农业科学家，因此他把时间花在研究农业上。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他收集信息，研究它，做实验，并从农民的经验中学习。A. adventure冒险；B. experience经验；C. tradition传统；D. association组织。结合空格前“He collected information, studied it, did experiments”可知，他从农民的经验中学习。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书是关于农业和园艺的。A. nursing护理；B. producing生产；C. gardening园艺；D. trading贸易。由本文的标题“Farming and Gardening”和第一段第二句“Much of the wisdom ___1___by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today.”可知，这本书是关于农业和园艺的。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括以下学科的建议：种植绿色蔬菜和果树，以及饲养动物。A. programs项目；B. topics主题；C. events活动；D. subjects学科，主题。结合后文“growing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals.”可知，该书包括种植绿色蔬菜和果树，以及饲养动物不同类目的建议。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中的正确时间播种和种植幼苗，你的工作将会减少，结果将会更好。A. grow成长，生长；B. mix混合；C. drop下降；D. throw扔，投。根据后文的“young plants”可知，此处表示种植幼苗。故选A。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中正确的时间在地里播种和、让幼苗成长，你的工作量就会减少，结果会更好。A. results结果；B. bonds联系；C. hopes希望；D. dreams梦想。根据前文“in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less”可知，如果你在一年中正确的时间在地里播种和、让幼苗成长，你的工作量就会减少，结果会更好即收成更好。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：土壤的状况也非常重要。A. application应用；B. situation形势；C. combination组合；D. condition条件。结合后文的“Examine the soil on your farm”和下文“If the condition of your soil is not good”可知，此处强调土壤的状况/条件也非常重要。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：仔细地检查你农场的土壤。A. gently轻轻地；B. carefully仔细地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. frequently频繁地。根据前文的“Examine”可知，这里指出土壤状况很重要，因此要仔细地检查。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在播种或种植作物之前，必须清理粗糙的地面并清除杂草。A. loosen使宽松；B. relieve使缓解；C. remove移走；D. lower降低。根据“weeds.”可知，此处指在种植之前必须移除杂草。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的。A. surround包围；B. enhance增强；C. change改变，更换；D. improve改进。根据后文的“But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will ___13___ good crops.”可知，第一年中种植大米第二年种植小麦，第二年的收成会更好，因此最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，不要年复一年在同一块地里种植水稻。A. one after another一个接一个；B. now and then时不时；C. years after year年复一年；D. here and there到处。根据前文“The best harvest is reached when farmers ___11___ the crops in their fields.”可知，最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的，因此不要年复一年的种植同一种作物。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你今年在地里种水稻，明年种小麦，你就会收获好收成。A. harvest收获；B. collect收集；C. generate产生；D. plant种植。结合前文“The best harvest is reached when farmers ___11___ the crops in their fields.”和空格后“good crops”可知，最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的。如果你今年在地里种水稻，明年种小麦，你就会收获好收成。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该种植在植物之间的空间，但贾做了实验，结果表明，小麦种植在一起更好。A. layers层；B. patterns类型；C. balance均衡；D. space空间，平衡。结合“between the plants”和下文“planting wheat close together is better”可知，此处强调的是种植小麦时, 每一株之间要留有空间。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该在植株之间留出空间种植，但贾做了实验，表明紧密种植小麦效果更好。A. decided决定；B. bet打赌；C. intended打算；D. showed显示。根据后文“that planting wheat close together was better.”可知，贾的实验表明紧密种植小麦效果更好。故选D。
第二节：(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个词)或括号内单词的正确形式.
Food is life; it gives us the nourishment(营养)____36____(need) to stay alive and be healthy. Usually, we eat because we are hungry or need energy. Brian Wansink, a professor at the University of Illinois, ____37____ (say) we also eat certain foods____38____they make us feel good, and remind us of happy memories. Wansink calls this kind of food comfort food. For some people, ice cream is a comfort food. ____39____others, a bowl of noodles makes them feel good.
How does a food become comfort food ____40____is believed by Professor Wansink that we connect food with important times, feelings, and people in our lives. “When I was a child, my mother made a delicious soup; I loved it.” Now, I often have this soup when I am tired or ____41____ (worry). And it helps me feel better,” says one of Wansink’ s friends.
Do men and women choose different comfort foods Wansink’s research (研究) at the University of Illinois says “yes”. In his study, the favorite comfort for both men and women was ice cream. After this, men usually preferred hot, delicious foods like soup or noodles, ____42____women liked sweet things such as chocolate and candies. Men and women like to eat comfort foods when they are happy, but women eat these foods ____43____( much) when they are sad or worried.
____44____ (general) speaking, not all comfort foods are junk foods. About 40 percent of the comfort foods in Wansink’s study were healthy dishes, soups and vegetables. It shows that a comfort food can be _____45_____(benefit) and good to you.
【答案】36. needed
37. says 38. because
39. For 40. It
41. worried
42. while 43. more
44. Generally
45. beneficial
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物不仅供给我们人体所需的能量，而且某些食品还会起到让我们身心愉快的作用，这些食品称为爽心食品或安慰食品。这些令人身心舒畅的食物可能是和某些事情或者某些人有联系，会让我们想起某些美好的回忆。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：食物就是生命；它给了我们生存和健康所需的营养。所给动词在句中作后置定语修饰名词nourishment，与所修饰名词为被动关系，营养被需要，应使用过去分词形式。故填needed。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意：伊利诺斯大学教授Brian Wansink说，我们吃某些食物也是因为它们让我们感觉良好，让我们想起快乐的回忆。所给动词say在句中作谓语，主语是Brian Wansink，根据上下文，尤其下一句Wansink calls …可知，应使用一般现在时，主语Brian Wansink为第三人称单数，所以应使用动词单三形式。故填says。
【38题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：伊利诺斯大学教授Brian Wansink说，我们吃某些食物也是因为它们让我们感觉良好，让我们想起快乐的回忆。空前是一个句子we also eat certain foods意为“我们吃某些食物”，空后是一个句子they make us feel good, and remind us of happy memories.意为“它们让我们感觉良好，让我们想起快乐的回忆”需要一个连词，前后为因果关系，应使用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：对另一些人来说，一碗面条让他们感觉很好。该空与上一句“For some people, ice cream is a comfort food.”结构对称，for somebody意为“对某人来说”。故填For。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：Wansink教授认为，我们把食物与生活中重要的时刻、感情和人联系在一起。后面“that we connect food with important times, feelings, and people in our lives.”为主语从句，该空需要it作形式主语。注意句首字母大写。故填It。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在，当我累了或焦虑的时候，我经常喝这种汤。分析句子，该空需要一个形容词与tired并列作表语，所给词worry为动词，其形容词为worried。故填worried。
【42题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：之后，男人通常更喜欢热的、美味的食物，如汤或面条，而女人喜欢甜食，如巧克力和糖果。分析句，空前讲述男人的对食物的喜好，空后句子讲述女人的喜好，该空需要一个连词，并列连词while可表示对比关系，意思是“而，然而”，符合语境。故填while。
【43题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：男人和女人都喜欢在快乐的时候吃一些安慰的食物，但是女人在悲伤或焦虑的时候吃这些食物更多。该空所给副词much在句中做状语修饰动词eat，该句表示女人在悲伤或焦虑时比其他情绪状况时更多地吃安慰食物，应使用比较级形式。故填more。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：一般来说，并不是所有的安慰食品都是垃圾食品。所给词general为形容词，固定短语generally speaking意为“一般而言，一般地说”，符合语境，该短语中，副词修饰非谓语动词speaking。注意句首字母大写。故填Generally。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这表明一种安慰食物对你是有益的。分析句子，该空需要一个形容词作表语与good并列，所给词benefit的形容词为beneficial。故填beneficial。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一-节：应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你校午间广播站英语角正在向全校学生发起“My comfort food”的征文。请你以此为题写一篇80个单词左右的作文。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 My comfort Food
I like different kinds of food. But my comfort food is mooncakes. I like them very much. They are very delicious and popular. Mooncakes are delicious round cakes. Some have eggs or nuts in them ,and some have meat. People usually buy them in a food shop.
They look like the moon, so we call them mooncakes. Mooncakes are round and it means family members’ getting together. Mooncakes have many delicious materials. It means harvest. On the Mid-autumn Day Chinese people like having mooncakes. At night, we often stay in the open air. We look at the moon, eat mooncakes and talk about happy things.
We always have a good time.
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生以“My comfort food”为题写一篇作文给校午间广播站英语角。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
快乐的：happy→pleased
购买：buy→purchase
喜欢：like→be fond of
户外：open air→outdoors
2. 句式拓展
简单句合并为复合句
原句：Mooncakes have many delicious materials. It means harvest.
拓展句：Mooncakes have many delicious materials, which represents a bountiful harvest.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Mooncakes are round and it means family members’ getting together.(动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2]On the Mid-autumn Day Chinese people like having mooncakes.(动名词作宾语)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节和给定段落开头语进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was six years old, I visited my grandfather’s farm in Kansas and he sent me into the woods to gather pecans (胡桃) for us to enjoy later. The pecans were about the size of a man’s thumbnail and just about the tastiest snack I’d ever had.
However, pecan picking was really tiring and my little bucket was only half full after working hard for a long time. I thought I wouldn’t let Grandpa down. Just then something caught my eye. A large brown squirrel was a few feet away. I watched as he picked up a pecan, hurried to a tree, jumped up to the trunk and disappeared in a large hole. A moment later the squirrel popped back out and climbed down to the ground to pick up another nut. Once again, he took the pecan back to his hiding place inside the hollow of the tree.
Not so secret anymore, I thought. I dashed over to the tree and looked into the hole. It was filled with pecans! Golden pecans were right there for taking. This was my chance. Handful by handful, I scooped all of those pecans into my bucket. Now it was almost full! I was so proud of myself that I couldn’t wait to show Grandpa all the pecans.
I ran back and shouted, “Look at all the pecans!” He looked into the bucket and asked, “Well, well, how did you find so many ” I told him how I’d followed the squirrel and taken the pecans from his hiding place.
Grandpa congratulated me on how smart I’d been in observing the squirrel and his habits. Then he did something that surprised me. He handed the bucket back to me and put his arm gently around my shoulders.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
“That squirrel worked very hard to gather his winter supply of food,” he said.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I picked up that little bucket full of pecans and carried it back to the tree.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
“That squirrel worked very hard to gather his winter supply of food,” he said. “Now that all of his pecans are gone, don’t you think that little squirrel will be hungry when it gets cold ” Grandpa asked me. “I didn’t think about that,” I murmured with shame, blood rushing to my face. Grandpa told me seriously that a good man should never take advantage of someone else’s hard work, even the squirrel’s. I drooped my head, feeling as hollow as that old tree.The image of that starving squirrel wouldn't leave my mind. There was only one thing I could do.
I picked up that little bucket full of pecans and carried it back to the tree. Lifting the bucket up, I poured all of the nuts back into the hole, refilling it with not only all of the squirrel’s pecans but also the ones I had collected on my own. I breathed a sigh of relief and returned home with the empty bucket. I didn’t eat any of the sweet pecans that night, but I had something much more filling, which was the satisfaction of knowing I had done just the right thing.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者六岁那年去爷爷农场采摘胡桃发生的事情。在采摘的过程中，作者发现了一只松鼠，它的窝内储存了很多胡桃。当作者把松鼠的胡桃全部拿走展示给爷爷的时候，爷爷的话让作者明白到：一个好人永远不应该占别人的便宜，即使是松鼠。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“爷爷说，那只松鼠非常努力地收集冬天的食物。”可知，第一段可描写爷爷责备了作者，表达作者羞愧的情绪，同时也要阐述爷爷给作者讲述的道理：一个好人永远不应该占别人的便宜，即使是松鼠。
②由第二段首句内容“我捡起那一小桶山核桃，把它带回树上。”可知，第二段可描写作者将山核桃还给松鼠，其中可以对动作和情绪变化进行描述。同时还可以表述：虽然作者在晚间并没有食用任何食物，但是精神上和心灵上的收获远比食物的带来的满足更富足，即上升到文章的主旨，阐述作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：爷爷讲道理——我的羞愧——返还核桃——收获感悟
3.词汇激活
行类
①.一起走路：walk together/accompany him/keep him company
②.回家：go back home/return home
③.收集：gather/collect
情绪类
①.难过：disappointed/upset/depressed/frustrated
②.积极：positive attitude/act positively
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. I murmured with shame, blood rushing to my face. （运用了独立主格结构作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]. I had something much more filling, which was the satisfaction of knowing I had done just the right thing. (由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Lifting the bucket up, I poured all of the nuts back into the hole.（使用现在分词作伴随状语）2022-2023学年高二年级上学期联合调研试题
英 语
考生注意：
1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡各题的题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will Karen have
A.Spicy snacks. B.Salty cookies. C.Cakes.
2.How is the woman advised to go to the store
A.On foot. B.By bus. C.By car.
3. What do the speakers say about Ann
A. She is rather emotional.
B.She is rarely cheerful.
C.She is quite humorous.
4. What does the man imply about Mark
A.He has cleaned up his room.
B. He won’t clean úp his room.
C.His room isn’t dirty at all.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.A Chinese legend.
B.The discovery of Chinese tea.
C.A great person in ancient China
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6.Why couldn’t Mike sleep well last night
A. He was kept awake with the light on.
B.He quarrelled with his roommate.
CHe was worried about his paper.
7.When did Mike probably fall asleep
A.Around 10:30 pm.
B.Around 11:30 pm. C.Around 12:30 am.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8.Which foreign language is John best at
A’Chinese. B.Spanish. C.Japanese.
9. From whom did John learn the
A.The woman’s brother. B.The school C.His neighbors
10. How many foreign languages can the woman’s brother
A.2 B.4. C.5
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11.What does Jim want to become
A.A teacher B.A doctor. C.Achemist
12. What influenced the woman’s choice of career
A.Her high school
B.Her family.
C.Her teachers.
13.What will Jim do tonight
A.Talk to Mrs.Brown.
B.Give a lecture
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the number of adult students in BCPS
A.110,000. B.170,000. C.261,000.
15.What is a feature of BCPS
A.There are many international students.
B.Classes are given in different languages.
C.Almost all the students are adults.
16,Where will the speakers go first
A.The No.25 teaching building.
B.The school library.
C.The science building.
17.What color is the No.25 teaching building
A.Red B.Gray C.White
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18.What was Chacha doing when animal experts saw him
A.Walking in the neighborhood.
B.Climbing power lines.
C.Running after workers.
19.Ilow did people get Chacha down
A. By using a gun with some drug.
B.By using a cherry picker.
C.By using a net.
20.What is the speaker
AA radio hostess. B.A zookeeper C.Achemist
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some Favorite European Attractions for Chinese Tourists
Bicester Village
The outskirts of the Oxfordshire town is the second most visited UK attraction for Chinese tourists — after Buckingham Palace. Three in four Chinese visitors head to Bicester aided by Mandarin signs and announcements at London Marylebone; others travel by tour bus.
King’ s College, Cambridge
A famous tree — for Chinese people at least — can be found in King ‘ s College, Cambridge. The willow, ignored by most, is mentioned in a much - loved poem by Xu Zhimo, “Taking Leave of Cam - bridge Again.” Xu spent a year studying at King’s College , where he was entranced (使入迷) by the works of Keats and Shelley , before returning to China to lead its modern poetry movement . Xu died at the age of just 34 in a plane crash and the willow is now considered by his fans to be a mark. A memorial stone can be found beside the tree—an essential spot for Chinese tourists to take a photo.
Outletcity
Germany’s answer to Bicester Village is Outletcity in Metzingen, the town in Baden - Wurttem - berg, close to Frankfurt, where Hugo Boss was founded. It has little to attract anyone beyond scores of factories. Hugo Boss was the first, but Prada, Nike, Burberry, Armani and Gucci have since followed suit.
Bonn
The former West German capital is another popular port of all. Chinese people love classical music— particularly Beethoven— making his birthplace an obvious highlight of any trip to Europe. The city’s tourist board offers maps in three foreign languages: English, Chinese and Japanese.
Verona
Both British and Chinese travellers like Venice, Rome and Florence — but Verona typically appears higher on the wish lists of China ‘ s tourists. That’s because of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. The play is popular on UK shores, of course, but the love is doubled in China as it was among the first of the Shakespeare’s works to be translated into Mandarin, while its plot is similar to a famous Chinese folk tale, The Butter fly Lovers.
1. ________ is the first most visited UK attraction for Chinese tourists.
A. Buckingham Palace B. Bicester Village
C. London Marylebone D. The Shakespeare’s birthplace
2. According to the text, which part in Germany is equal to Bicester Village in the UK
A. Outletcity. B. Bonn. C. Frankfurt. D. Berlin.
3. ________ have something to do with Chinese literature.
A. King’ s College, Cambridge and Bonn
B. Bonn Bicester and Village
C. King’ s College, Cambridge and Verona
D. Outletcity and Verona
B
In the past year, Jeanne Raitt has had many roles while working with medical students at the KU School of Medicine-Wichita. She’s been the mom of a 5-year-old son with a serious illness, a patient relying on pain medication, and the daughter of a woman diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.
Raitt is among 85 Wichitans who participate in the school’s standardized patient program. She and others in the program have been trained by staff at the Wichita campus’ standardized patient center to role-play patients or family members. The sessions enable students to practice their skills in taking medical histories, communication, interpersonal relationships, and their ability to handle sensitive issues and embarrassing situations.
“We provide a safe environment for students to practice their clinical skills before they see actual patients,” explains Jennifer Brantley, assistant director of the standardized patient center.
Take the case of 55-year-old Ellen Humphries, a college professor who is being seen for abdominal (腹部的)pain. After an exam, students and professors discuss how to treat someone like Ellen, who is educated, well-known in the community, and who isn’t willing to stick to medical recommendations.
“This is a great way to give medical students hands-on learning and training,” says Raitt. “I love watching how students learn about the variety of the cases and seeing how willing they are to accept feedback from us. Plus, it’s a bonus to get a little checkup now and then.”
For Natashia Gafford, being a standardized patient has provided her with reassurance that future doctors will be able to handle different situations. Gafford, who is the mother of six boys, particularly likes it when her role-playing corresponds with real-life issues she can relate to, such as advocating for her children’s health. “It puts my mind at ease as a parent to know that doctors will learn how to take parents into consideration,” she says.
4. What did Raitt experience last year
A. She took part in a medical program.
B. Her son suffered from a serious illness.
C. She relied on pain killer to relieve pain.
D. Her mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.
5. What is right about Humphries
A. She suffered from very rare abdominal pain.
B. She refuses to follow doctors’ advice.
C. She is a well-educated doctor herself.
D. She enjoys a not good reputation in her neighborhood.
6. What does Gafford say about her role-playing experience
A. It arouses her interest in medicine.
B. It builds her confidence in doctors.
C. It helps her recognize common childhood illnesses.
D. It offers her a bonus of regular checkups.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. How to become a doctor: A step-by-step guide
B. Doctor-patient relationship: A technical model
C. Why sticking to medical recommendations matters
D. Standardized patients teach skills and sympathy
C
Heat can kill. It lowers a worker’s ability to concentrate and leads to notable increases in workplace injuries, research suggests.
Yet, for reasons including financial need, workplace pressure and a lack of awareness of the health impacts of high temperatures, many people continue to work past their heat tolerance. Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industry, are the most affected by rising heat. Even the fittest people in the world are impressionable like the Olympic athletes collapsing in the baking heat of Tokyo.
There are some easy ways to reduce the risk of heat exhaustion (热衰竭). Optimizing work hours to avoid workers being out when the sun is at its hottest may have the greatest effect on employee health.
Individualized, wearable sensors could be a useful tool for determining likely heat exhaustion. Early adoption of these devices would be a win-win, according to Dr Jennifer Runkle, an environmental epidemiologist (流行病学家): boosting productivity and reducing injury “while ensuring the health and safety of an ageing workforce and reducing the risk of heat exhaustion”.
Wider take-up of wearable heat sensors by employees, employers and healthcare providers would also help overcome gaps in heat awareness.
“One important finding we discovered in our research with outdoor workers is that there was a mismatch between workers ability to sense heat risk and their actual exposure to extreme heat gained by wearables” , said Dr Runkle.
Another aid could be wearable cooling technology, but such devices are limited in availability. One such device is Sony’s Reon Pocket 2, which it launched in April. A wearable cooling or warming device worn inside clothing, it uses electrical conductors that transfer (转移) heat when electricity is run through them.
There are promising examples of companies taking more responsibility for protecting workers from extreme heat, such as managers of bus drivers in Jinan, China. Responsible employers should be providing drinks and shaded rest areas to outdoor workers.
8. What does the underlined word “impressionable” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Highly impressive. B. Slightly sensible. C. Easily influenced. D. Hardly evaluated.
9. What did Dr Runkle find out
A. The workforce was ageing rapidly.
B Wearable heat sensors lacked great accuracy.
C. Employers attached little importance to heat exhaustion.
D. Workers’ heat awareness and actual heat were different.
10. Why are bus drivers in Jinan mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To stress the popularity of Reon Pocket 2.
B. To show their employers are responsible.
C. To reveal they are very tolerant of extreme heat.
D. To describe their unbearable pressure of work.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Adjustments to Work Hours Can Be Life-saving.
B. Campaigners Are Calling for Workplace Protection.
C. How Can New Technology Protect Outdoor Workers
D. How Were Body Temperature Monitors Invented
D
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty frightening. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age- related memory loss.
After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts become smaller, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.
You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive (认知的) reserve, Daffner says.
“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways.” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a widely known to boost the brain.
12. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously
A. Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
B. Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences.
C. Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D. Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.
13. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up
A. Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.
B. Stop medications affecting memory.
C Turn to a professional for assistance.
D. Exercise to improve their well being.
14. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice for fight against memory loss
A. Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B. Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C. Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D. Staying active both physically and mentally.
15. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “boost” in the last paragraph
A. Reduce. B. Benefit. C. Increase. D. Depress.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You form an impression ofa person based on his postures, gestures and facial expressions, as soon as you meet, or even see him. This is why it is important to make a good first impression on the person who will be interviewing you. Within the first 60 seconds of meeting you, the interviewer will have formed an impression about what type of person you are and what kind of employee you would become, and ____16____. Here are some tips to make that impression a good one.
First of all, relax. Think positive thoughts and you are more likely to come across as a positive, confident person during the interview. ____17____ as your appearance is one of the first things an interviewer will notice you. Stand up straight, and walk in with your shoulders back and your head up. ____18____ because this suggests fear and uncertainty. Shake hands with the interviewer firmly. You should havé a positive handshake and a warm smile. Opening your coat or jacket as you sit down shows that you, too, are open.
____19____. You should be sitting well back in your seat. Sit up straight and lean forward slightly, but not too much. Sitting at too much of an angle expresses discomfort and distrust. Two of the most common defensive (防卫的) signals are crossing your arms and legs， so try to avoid them.
Another important issue is eye contact. Looking someone in the eye shows confidence in yourself and trust’in the other person. However, don’t overdo it, as too much eve contact or staring will make the other person uncomfortable. Use more eye contact when listening than when talking, and when you look away, look down. ______20______.
A. 55% of chis will be based only on your body language
B. Posture is important
C. it will be wise of you to focus on the interviewer
D. walk as fast as possible with a smile
E Dress smartly
F. Looking up at the ceiling will make you seem bored or rude
G. Try to avoid slowing down as you walk into the room
第三部分：语言运用(共两节;满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a long history in China. Much of the wisdom____21____by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today. One of China’ s early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, who lived in the sixth century AD. He spent his time doing___22___into agriculture. He collected information, did experiments and learnt from the___23___of farmers.
Around 540 AD, he wrote a book called Qimin Yaoshu.The book is about both farming and____24____It includes advice on the following____25____growing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals. Jia Sixie’ s book is a practical guide for farming. Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time of the year. If you sow seeds and___26___ young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and___27___will be better. The ___28___of the soil is also very important. Examine the soil on your farm ___29___. If the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it. Before sowing or planting crops,you must clean rough ground and___30___weeds. The best harvest is reached when farmers___31___the crops in their fields. For example, do not-plant rice____32____in the same field. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will ___33___ good crops.
Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with___34___between the plants, but Jia did experiments and___35___that planting wheat close together was better.
21.
A. recovered B. discovered C. reported D. impressed
22.
A. research B. theory C. experiment D. statistics
23.
A. adventure B. experience C. tradition D. association
24.
A. nursing B. producing C. gardening D. trading
25.
A. programs B. topics C. events D. subjects
26.
A. grow B. mix C. drop D. throw
27.
A. results B. bonds C. hopes D. dreams
28.
A. application B. situation C. combination D. condition
29.
A. gently B. carefully C. gradually D. frequently
30.
A. loosen B. relieve C. remove D. lower
31.
A. surround B. enhance C. change D. improve
32.
A. one after another B. now and then C. year after year D. here and there
33.
A. harvest B. collect C. generate D. export
34.
A. layers B. patterns C. balance D. space
35.
A. decided B. bet C. intended D. showed
第二节：(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个词)或括号内单词的正确形式.
Food is life; it gives us the nourishment(营养)____36____(need) to stay alive and be healthy. Usually, we eat because we are hungry or need energy. Brian Wansink, a professor at the University of Illinois, ____37____ (say) we also eat certain foods____38____they make us feel good, and remind us of happy memories. Wansink calls this kind of food comfort food. For some people, ice cream is a comfort food. ____39____others, a bowl of noodles makes them feel good.
How does a food become comfort food ____40____is believed by Professor Wansink that we connect food with important times, feelings, and people in our lives. “When I was a child, my mother made a delicious soup; I loved it.” Now, I often have this soup when I am tired or ____41____ (worry). And it helps me feel better,” says one of Wansink’ s friends.
Do men and women choose different comfort foods Wansink’s research (研究) at the University of Illinois says “yes”. In his study, the favorite comfort for both men and women was ice cream. After this, men usually preferred hot, delicious foods like soup or noodles, ____42____women liked sweet things such as chocolate and candies. Men and women like to eat comfort foods when they are happy, but women eat these foods ____43____( much) when they are sad or worried.
____44____ (general) speaking, not all comfort foods are junk foods. About 40 percent of the comfort foods in Wansink’s study were healthy dishes, soups and vegetables. It shows that a comfort food can be _____45_____(benefit) and good to you.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一-节：应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你校午间广播站英语角正在向全校学生发起“My comfort food”的征文。请你以此为题写一篇80个单词左右的作文。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节和给定段落开头语进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was six years old, I visited my grandfather’s farm in Kansas and he sent me into the woods to gather pecans (胡桃) for us to enjoy later. The pecans were about the size of a man’s thumbnail and just about the tastiest snack I’d ever had.
However, pecan picking was really tiring and my little bucket was only half full after working hard for a long time. I thought I wouldn’t let Grandpa down. Just then something caught my eye. A large brown squirrel was a few feet away. I watched as he picked up a pecan, hurried to a tree, jumped up to the trunk and disappeared in a large hole. A moment later the squirrel popped back out and climbed down to the ground to pick up another nut. Once again, he took the pecan back to his hiding place inside the hollow of the tree.
Not so secret anymore, I thought. I dashed over to the tree and looked into the hole. It was filled with pecans! Golden pecans were right there for taking. This was my chance. Handful by handful, I scooped all of those pecans into my bucket. Now it was almost full! I was so proud of myself that I couldn’t wait to show Grandpa all the pecans.
I ran back and shouted, “Look at all the pecans!” He looked into the bucket and asked, “Well, well, how did you find so many ” I told him how I’d followed the squirrel and taken the pecans from his hiding place.
Grandpa congratulated me on how smart I’d been in observing the squirrel and his habits. Then he did something that surprised me. He handed the bucket back to me and put his arm gently around my shoulders.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
“That squirrel worked very hard to gather his winter supply of food,” he said.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I picked up that little bucket full of pecans and carried it back to the tree.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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