新七上U7语法:
月份、序数词与特殊疑问句
(重难点、易错点 中考模拟 强化训练)
一、核心定义:明确三者的本质属性
(一)月份(Months)
月份是表示一年中 12 个时间段的名词,属于专有名词。
核心特征:
①首字母必须大写;
②无复数形式;
③常与介词 in 搭配(表 “在某个月”),与具体日期连用时需结合序数词。
例:We will have a holiday in July(七月).
Her birthday is on May 10th(5 月 10 日,月份 + 序数词表具体日期)
(二)序数词(Ordinal Numbers)
序数词是表示 “顺序、等级、位置先后” 的数词,核心功能是回答 “which one(哪一个,表顺序)”。
核心特征:
①拼写有规律(特殊词需记忆);
②书写时阿拉伯数字后加 “-st/-nd/-rd/-th”(如 1st, 2nd);
③前常加定冠词 the(表特指顺序)或形容词性物主代词(如 my, his)。
例:He is the first(第一) student to finish homework.
This is my third(第三) time to visit Beijing.
(三)特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions)
特殊疑问句是用特殊疑问词(what, who, when, where, why, how 等)引导,用于询问具体信息的疑问句。
核心特征:
①必须包含特殊疑问词;
②语序为 “特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序”(主语是疑问词时除外);
③回答需针对疑问词提供具体信息,不可用 yes/no。
例:-What(什么) do you usually do on weekends
-I usually read books.)
-Where(哪里) is your school
-It's near the park.)
二、重点知识:系统拆解规则(附实例)
(一)月份:拼写、搭配与用法
1. 月份拼写:12 个月份的精准记忆(附缩写)
月份 英文拼写 缩写 发音提示(初中阶段需掌握)
一月 January Jan. / d nju ri/(注意 “uary” 的发音)
二月 February Feb. / febru ri/(注意 “bruary” 的拼写,不丢 “r”)
三月 March Mar. /mɑ t /(无特殊拼写,易与 May 混淆)
四月 April Apr. / e pr l/(首字母 A 大写,无复数)
五月 May May /me /(短词,易与 March 混淆)
六月 June Jun. /d u n/(与 July 发音相近,注意区分)
七月 July Jul. /d u la /(比 June 多一个 “y”,发音更长)
八月 August Aug. / ɡ st/(注意 “Au” 开头,不是 “Augest”)
九月 September Sep. / Sept. /sep temb /(长词,可记 “Sept-” 前缀表 “七”,原是七月)
十月 October Oct. / k t b /(“Oct-” 前缀表 “八”,原是八月)
十一月 November Nov. /n vemb /(“Nov-” 前缀表 “九”,原是九月)
十二月 December Dec. /d semb /(“Dec-” 前缀表 “十”,原是十月)
2. 月份搭配:3 大核心介词
① 表 “在某个月”:用介词 in,后直接接月份(不加 the)。
正确:in January(在一月), in September(在九月);
错误:on January(×,不用 on),in the January(×,不加 the)。
② 表 “在某月某日”:用介词 on,结构为 “on + 月份 + 序数词”(序数词可写缩写)。
正确:on March 5th(在 3 月 5 日),on October 1st(在 10 月 1 日);
错误:in March 5th(×,不用 in),on March five(×,用序数词 5th,不用基数词 five)。
③ 表 “在某月的某一天上午 / 下午”:仍用 on,结构为 “on + 月份 + 序数词 + morning/afternoon/evening”。
正确:on July 10th morning(在 7 月 10 日上午),on April 2nd afternoon(在 4 月 2 日下午);
错误:in July 10th morning(×,不用 in)。
3. 月份用法:2 大常见场景
① 询问月份:用 “What month is it now ” 或 “What's the month now ”,回答直接用 “It's + 月份”。
例:— What month is it now — It's June.(现在是几月?—— 是六月。)
② 表达 “在…… 月之后 / 之前”:用 “after + 月份” 或 “before + 月份”。
例:We will have a test after July.(我们七月后有一场考试。)
She came back before September.(她九月前回来了。)
【月份练习一】(8 题)
写出下列月份的英文拼写及缩写:①一月 ②三月 ③八月 ④十二月
翻译句子:我们将在六月举办一场英语晚会。(提示:“在六月” 用 in June,“英语晚会” 用 English party)
改正错误:She was born on May.(提示:月份前的介词)
填空:My favorite month is ______ (七月). Because I can have a long holiday.
对划线部分提问:We will go to the park in October.(提示:对月份提问用 what month 或 when)
翻译句子:他在九月一日开学。(提示:“九月一日” 用 on September 1st,“开学” 用 start school)
填空:There are ______ (twelve) months in a year. The ______ (twelve) month is December.(提示:基数词与序数词的区分)
选择:— ______ is your birthday — It's on July 8th.( )
A. What B. When C. Where D. Why(提示:对日期提问用 when)
(二)序数词:拼写、搭配与用法(结合月份场景)
1. 序数词拼写:“1-3 特殊记,4-19 加 - th,整十去 y 变 - eth,几十几前整十不变、后加 - th”
类别 范围 拼写规则与实例(基数词→序数词,附与月份搭配示例)
特殊序数词 1-3 1-one→first(1st):on January 1st(在 1 月 1 日);2-two→second(2nd):on February 2nd(在 2 月 2 日);3-three→third(3rd):on March 3rd(在 3 月 3 日)
常规序数词 4-19 4-four→fourth(4th):on April 4th(在 4 月 4 日);5-five→fifth(5th,去 ve 加 fth):on May 5th(在 5 月 5 日);8-eight→eighth(8th,去 t 加 h):on August 8th(在 8 月 8 日);9-nine→ninth(9th,去 e 加 th):on September 9th(在 9 月 9 日);12-twelve→twelfth(12th,去 ve 加 fth):on December 12th(在 12 月 12 日)
整十序数词 20-90(整十) 20-twenty→twentieth(20th,去 y 变 i 加 - eth):on October 20th(在 10 月 20 日);30-thirty→thirtieth(30th):on November 30th(在 11 月 30 日)
非整十序数词 21-99(几十几) 21-twenty-one→twenty-first(21st,整十不变,个位变序数词):on January 21st(在 1 月 21 日);35-thirty-five→thirty-fifth(35th):on March 35th(×,3 月只有 31 天,示例:on March 31st→thirty-first)
2. 序数词搭配:与月份、介词的结合
① 与月份搭配表日期:用 “月份 + 序数词”,前加介词 on。
例:on June 18th(在 6 月 18 日),on July 25th(在 7 月 25 日)。
② 与定冠词 the 搭配:表特指顺序时加 the,后接名词单数。
例:the fifth month of the year is May(一年的第五个月是五月),
the twelfth month is December(第十二个月是十二月)。
③ 与形容词性物主代词搭配:表 “某人的第几个……” 时,前加物主代词,不加 the。
例:my first trip in October(我十月的第一次旅行),his third birthday in April(他四月的第三个生日)。
【序数词练习二】(8 题)
写出下列基数词对应的序数词及缩写:①5 ②12 ③20 ④31
翻译句子:这是一年中的第三个月。(提示:“第三个月” 用 the third month)
改正错误:Today is the five day of April.(提示:基数词与序数词的转换)
填空:My brother's ______ (eight) birthday is on March 2nd. We will buy a cake for him.
选择:— Which month is the ______ month of the year — It's May.( )
A. five B. fifth C. fiveth D. fifty(提示:“第五个月” 用序数词 fifth)
翻译句子:他在比赛中获得了第十二名。(提示:“第十二名” 用 the twelfth place)
填空:On the ______ (one) day of January, we usually say "Happy New Year" to each other.
改正错误:This is my the second time to visit Shanghai.(提示:序数词前物主代词与 the 的连用)
(三)特殊疑问句:疑问词分类、语序与用法(结合月份、序数词场景)
1. 特殊疑问词分类:按询问内容划分(附与月份、序数词结合示例)
疑问词 询问内容 用法示例(结合月份、序数词)
what 事物、职业、日期(具体日期需加 date) What month is it (现在是几月?);What's the date today (今天是几号?—It's July 5th.)
when 时间(年、月、日、时刻) When is your birthday (你的生日是什么时候?—It's on September 10th.);When will you go to Beijing (你什么时候去北京?—In October.)
where 地点 Where will you have a trip in August (你八月要去哪里旅行?—— In Shanghai.)
why 原因 Why do you like December (你为什么喜欢十二月?—— Because Christmas is in December.)
how 方式、程度、数量\年龄(需加 many/much/old) How do you celebrate New Year in January — I have a dinner with my family.); How many months are there in a year (一年有几个月?—— 回答:Twelve.)
which 选择(在多个选项中选一个) Which month do you like best (你最喜欢哪个月?—— 回答:I like May best.);Which day is your favorite in July (你七月最喜欢哪一天?—— 回答:July 1st.)
whose 所属 Whose birthday is in March (谁的生日在三月?—— 回答:My sister's.)
2. 特殊疑问句语序:“疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序”(主语为疑问词时除外)
① 主语不是疑问词时:
结构:疑问词 + 助动词(do/does/did/will 等)+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他?
正确:When do you go to school in the morning (你早上什么时候上学?)
What will you do in June (你六月要做什么?)
错误:When you go to school in the morning (×,缺助动词 do)
What you will do in June (×,助动词 will 应在主语前)。
② 主语是疑问词时:
结构:疑问词 + 谓语 + 其他”(无需助动词)?
正确:Who likes January best (谁最喜欢一月?—— 主语是 who,直接接 谓语 likes);
Which month has 31 days (哪个月有 31 天?—— 主语是 which month,直接接谓语 has);
错误:Who do like January best (×,主语是 who,无需助动词 do);Which month do have 31 days (×,主语是 which month,无需助动词 do)。
3. 特殊疑问句回答:针对疑问词精准回应(结合月份、序数词)
① 对 what(日期)回答:用 “月份 + 序数词”,前加 It's 或 Today is。
例:— What's the date today — It's August 15th.(今天是 8 月 15 日。)
② 对 when(时间)回答:若问月份,用 “In + 月份”;若问日期,用 “On + 月份 + 序数词”。
例:— When is the party — In November.(在十一月。)/ On November 20th.(在 11 月 20 日。)
③ 对 how many(数量)回答:用基数词,若问 “几个月”,后可加 months。
例:— How many months are there in a season — Three.(一个季节有几个月?—— 三个月。)
【特殊疑问句练习三】(10 题)
对划线部分提问:They usually have a picnic in September.
____________________________________________________________
翻译句子:你为什么喜欢三月?
____________________________________________________________
改正错误:What you do on weekends
____________________________________________________________
填空:— ______ is the date today — It's October 1st.
选择:— ______ months are there in a year — Twelve.( )
A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How long
对划线部分提问:Her birthday is on June 15th.
____________________________________________________________
翻译句子:谁的生日在十二月?
____________________________________________________________
改正错误:Why you like December (提示:加助动词 do)
____________________________________________________________
填空:— ______ do you celebrate your birthday in May
— I have a party with my friends.
选择:— ______ is your favorite month — I like July best.( )
What B. Which C. Where D. When
(四)how 系列高频疑问词深度拆解
1. how many 与 how much:“数量提问的精准区分”
疑问词 后接名词类型 提问场景 示例(结合已学知识点) 回答示例
how many 可数名词复数 询问可数事物数量(如月份相关的 “多少个节日”) How many festivals are there in December (十二月有多少个节日?) Three.(3 个。)
how much 不可数名词 询问不可数事物数量(如 “多少时间”“多少作业”) How much homework do we have to finish in November (十一月我们要完成多少作业?) A little.(一点。)
how much 无(直接问价格) 询问物品价格(如 “某个月份购买的物品多少钱”) How much is the birthday cake you bought in May (你五月买的生日蛋糕多少钱?) One hundred yuan.(100 元。)
how long, how often, how soon:时间提问的三兄弟
疑问词 提问核心 时态常用 示例(结合月份) 回答示例
how long 时间段长度 / 物体长度 各种时态(根据动作持续情况) How long have you learned English (你学英语学多久了?) ② How long is the river (那条河多长?) ① For six months.(6 个月了。) ② 500 meters.(500 米。)
how often 动作频率 一般现在时(表习惯性动作) How often do you have a picnic in spring You usually go in April.(你春天四月常去野餐,多久去一次?) Once a month.(一个月一次。)
how soon 未来动作间隔 一般将来时 How soon will the new term start (现新学期多久之后开始?) In one month.(一个月后。)
【how 系列高频疑问词练习四】
(一)how many 与 how much 辨析练习(6 题)
选择:— _____ apples did you buy in the supermarket yesterday — Ten. ( )
A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How long
选择:— ______ milk do we need to make the cake We will make it in June. ( )
A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How soon
对划线部分提问:We spent two hundred yuan on the books in September.
___________________________________________________________
翻译句子:你十一月要花多少钱买新衣服?
___________________________________________________________
改正错误:How much students are there in your class They will have a trip in October.
___________________________________________________________
填空:— ______ time do you usually spend on homework every day You have a lot of homework in November. — About two hours.
(二)how long/how often/how soon 辨析练习(3 题)
选择:— ______ will you stay in your hometown in January — For two weeks. ( )
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How old
对划线部分提问:They go to visit their grandparents once a month. They usually go in the first week.
___________________________________________________________
填空:— ______ will the train arrive We need to catch it to Beijing in October. — In ten minutes.
三、难点:
(一)月份与序数词结合的日期表达:“零冠词与介词的精准使用”
难点:当日期表达为 “the + 序数词 + of + 月份” 时,易遗漏 of 或 the;与星期连用时,介词和语序易混淆。
① “the + 序数词 + of + 月份” 结构:必须加 the 和 of,不可省略。
正确:the 5th of October(10 月 5 日),the 20th of December(12 月 20 日);
错误:5th of October(×,缺 the),the 5th October(×,缺 of)。
② 日期与星期结合:结构为 “星期 +,+ 月份 + 序数词”,前仍用介词 on。
正确:on Monday, July 10th(在 7 月 10 日,星期一);
错误:in Monday, July 10th(×,不用 in),on Monday July 10th(×,缺逗号)。
(二)序数词与 “a/an” 的特殊搭配:“表‘又一、再一’时不用 the”
难点:序数词通常加 the 表顺序,但表 “在已有基础上再增加一次” 时,需加 a/an,易与 “特指顺序” 混淆。
例 1:He failed the exam twice, but he wants to have a third try.(他考试失败了两次,但想再试一次 —— 不是 “第三次”,而是 “又一次”,用 a third);
例 2:We have already visited Beijing twice. We plan to go there a fourth time next year.(我们已经去过北京两次了,计划明年再去一次 ——a fourth 表 “又一次”)。
(三)特殊疑问句的 “复杂主语” 语序:“主语含定语时仍需保持‘疑问词 + 一般疑问句’语序”
难点:当特殊疑问句的主语带有定语(如 “the boy in red”“your new book”),易误将主语整体视为疑问词,导致语序错误。
正确:What does the boy in red want to buy (穿红衣服的男孩想买什么?—— 主语是 “the boy in red”,不是疑问词 what,需用 “what + 助动词 does + 主语 + 谓语” 语序);
错误:What the boy in red wants to buy (×,缺助动词 does,语序错误);
正确:Which book do you like best (你最喜欢哪本书?—— 主语是 “you”,疑问词 which 修饰 book,需用 “which book + 助动词 do + 主语 + 谓语” 语序);
错误:Which book you like best (×,缺助动词 do)。
四、易错点:高频错误与规避方法
(一)月份拼写错误:漏写字母或小写首字母
易错原因:对长月份(如 February、September)拼写记忆模糊,或忽略专有名词首字母大写规则。
错误示例:Feburary(×,少写 “r”,正确: February),
september(×,首字母小写,正确: September),
Augest(×,少写 “u”,正确: August)
规避方法:①将易混月份分组记忆(如 “Jan-Feb-Mar”);
②标注易错字母(如 February 中的 “bruary”);
③每次书写后检查首字母是否大写。
(二)序数词拼写错误:特殊变化词记忆混淆
易错原因:对 “去 ve 加 fth”“去 t 加 h”“去 e 加 th” 的规则掌握不牢。
如 five→fiveth(×)、eight→eightth(×)。
错误示例:five→fiveth(×,正确: fifth,去 ve 加 fth),twelve→twelveth(×,正确: twelfth,去 ve 加 fth), nine→nineth((×,正确: ninth )
规避方法:制作 “特殊序数词表”,强化记忆:1-first,2-second,3-third,5-fifth,8-eighth,9-ninth,12-twelfth,20-twentieth。
(三)特殊疑问句 “助动词遗漏”:主语非疑问词时忘记加助动词
易错原因:对 “疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 语序理解不深,尤其当谓语是实义动词(如 like、play、eat)时,易漏加 do/does/did。
错误:What you usually eat for breakfast (×,主语是 you,谓语是 eat,缺助动词 do,
正确: What do you usually eat for breakfast );
错误:Why he didn't come to school yesterday (×,主语是 he,谓语是 come,缺助动词 did,
正确:Why didn't he come to school yesterday );
规避方法:①判断主语是否为疑问词(如 who、which book):若不是,必须加助动词;
②根据时态确定助动词(一般现在时用 do/does,一般过去时用 did)。
五、3 年内真题训练(10 题)
(2023 江苏苏州中考)— What's the date today
— It's ______ 1st, October. We will have a seven-day holiday.( )
A. a B. an C. the D. /
(2024 浙江杭州中考)We will hold our school sports meeting in ______ (九月).(用英文单词填空,注意首字母)
(2023 广东广州中考)— ______ month is your favorite
— July. Because I can go swimming every day.( )
A. What B. Which C. When D. Why
(2024 山东济南中考)This is my ______ (three) time to visit the Summer Palace. I still feel excited.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
(2023 湖北武汉中考)— When is your mother's birthday
— It's on ______ (May 5)(用英文日期表达填空)
(2024 四川成都中考)— ______ do you usually go to the library
— Every Saturday afternoon.( )
A. How often B. How long C. How many D. How much(
(2023 湖南长沙中考)There are ______ months in a year. The ______ month is December.( )
A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelfth; twelfth
(2024 安徽合肥中考)— What did you do ______ July 1st last year
— I went to Beijing with my family.( )
A. in B. on C. at D. for
(2023 河北石家庄中考)— Who ______ the first prize in the English competition last month
— Li Ming did.( )
A. win B. wins C. won D. will win
(2024 河南郑州中考)He has read this book twice. He wants to read it ______ time.( )
A. a third B. the third C. third D. three(提示:表 “再一次”,用 a + 序数词)
六、强化训练(满分 100 分)
(一)单项选择题(每题 4 分,共 40 分)
— Which month is ______ month of the year
— It's August.( )
A. eight B. eighth C. the eighth D. the eight
My birthday is on ______ , September 10th. It's Teachers' Day.( )
A. Monday B. on Monday C. Monday, D. the Monday
— ______ do you visit your grandparents
— Every two months.( )
A. How often B. How long C. How many D. How much
There are ______ days in February this year. But next year, there will be ______ days.( )
A. twenty-eight; twenty-ninth B. twenty-eight; twenty-nine
C. twenty-eighth; twenty-ninth D. twenty-eighth; twenty-nine
— What ______ the girl in blue look like
— She is tall and thin.( )
A. do B. does C. is D. are
This is ______ time for me to go to Shanghai. I'm looking forward to it.( )
A. a second B. the second C. second D. two
— When is the school trip
— It's on ______ .( )
A. June 5 B. June 5th C. 5 June D. 5th June
— ______ months are there in a year
— Twelve. And ______ month is December.( )
A. How many; twelfth B. How much; the twelfth
C. How many; the twelfth D. How much; twelfth
He ______ to Beijing in July last year. ______ will he go there again ( )
A. went; When B. goes; When C. went; What D. goes; What
— ______ book is this
— It's my brother's. He bought it in March.( )
A. Who B. Whose C. Which D. What
(二)填空题(每空 3 分,共 30 分)
Today is the ______ (twelve) day of August. Tomorrow is my mother's birthday.
We usually have a picnic in ______ (十月). The weather is very nice then.
— ______ is your favorite subject
— English. I like it because it's interesting.
There are ______ (thirty-one) days in January. It's the ______ (one) month of the year.
He failed twice, but he decided to have ______ (a/the) third try.
— What's the date today
— It's ______ (April 3)(用英文日期表达).
______ (which/what) month do you think is the coldest in your city
My father was born on ______ (Monday, May 10)(用规范英文表达).
— ______ do you usually get up in the morning
— At 6:30.
This is my uncle's ______ (five) year working in this company. He likes his job very much.
(三)句型转换与翻译(每题 5 分,共 30 分)
翻译句子:他将在 12 月 25 日举办一场圣诞派对。
_____________________________________________________________
对划线部分提问:They will go to the zoo on Sunday, June 18th.
_____________________________________________________________
改正错误:What the girl in white wants to drink
_____________________________________________________________
翻译句子:这是我第四次在五月去北京旅行。
_____________________________________________________________
对划线部分提问:She likes January best because she can ski in winter.
_____________________________________________________________
改正错误:Today is on Friday, August 5th.
_____________________________________________________________
所有练习答案与解析
(一)重点练习答案与解析
【月份练习一】(8 题)
答案:①一月:January(Jan.) ②三月:March(Mar.) ③八月:August(Aug.) ④十二月:December(Dec.)
解析:专有名词首字母大写,缩写均为前 3 个字母(December 缩写为 Dec.,特殊但初中阶段需掌握)。
答案:We will hold an English party in June.
解析:“举办” 用 hold,“英语晚会” 是 English party(元音音素开头,前用 an),“在六月” 用 in June(不加 the)。
答案:She was born in May.
解析:表 “在某个月” 用介词 in,不用 on,故将 on 改为 in。
答案:July
解析:“七月” 的英文是 July,专有名词首字母大写,无复数形式。
答案:When will you go to the park / What month will you go to the park
解析:对 “in October”(月份)提问,用 when 或 what month,语序为 “疑问词 + 助动词 will + 主语 + 谓语”。
答案:He starts school on September 1st.
解析:“开学” 用 start school,主语是 he,谓语用第三人称单数 starts;“九月一日” 用 on September 1st(具体日期前用 on,序数词 1st 不可写为 1)。
答案:twelve;twelfth
解析:第一空表 “12 个月份”,用基数词 twelve;第二空表 “第十二个月份”,用序数词 twelfth。
答案:B
解析:对 “on July 8th”(具体日期)提问,用 when;what 询问事物,where 询问地点,why 询问原因,均不符合语境,故选 B。
【序数词练习二】(8 题)
答案:①5:five→fifth(5th) ②12:twelve→twelfth(12th) ③20:twenty→twentieth(20th) ④31:thirty-one→thirty-first(31st)
解析:①5 是特殊变化,去 ve 加 fth;②12 是特殊变化,去 ve 加 fth;③20 是整十,去 y 变 i 加 - eth;④31 是几十几,整十 thirty 不变,个位 1 变 first。
答案:This is the third month of the year.
解析:“第三个月” 用 the third month(序数词前加 the),“一年中的” 用 of the year。
答案:Today is the fifth day of April.
解析:“第五天” 需用序数词 fifth,故将 five 改为 fifth。
答案:eighth
解析:“第八个生日” 用序数词 eighth,前有物主代词 my brother's,不加 the。
答案:B
解析:“第五个月” 用序数词 fifth;A 是基数词,C 拼写错误(应为 fifth),D 是 “五十”,均不符合语境,故选 B。
答案:He won the twelfth place in the competition.
解析:“获得第十二名” 用 win the twelfth place,win 的过去式是 won;“在比赛中” 用 in the competition。
答案:first
解析:“一月的第一天” 用 the first day,序数词 first 前加 the,故填 first。
答案:This is my second time to visit Shanghai.
解析:序数词前有物主代词 my,不可再加 the,故删去 the。
【特殊疑问句练习三】(10 题)
答案:When do they usually have a picnic
解析:对 “in September”(月份)提问用 when,主语是 they,谓语是 have,加助动词 do,语序为 “when+do + 主语 + 谓语”。
答案:Why do you like March
解析:“为什么” 用 why,主语是 you,谓语是 like,加助动词 do,“喜欢三月” 用 like March。
答案:What do you do on weekends
解析:主语是 you,谓语是 do,缺助动词 do,需在 what 后加 do,调整为 “what+do + 主语 + 谓语” 语序。
答案:What
解析:对日期提问用 “What's the date... ”,固定搭配,故填 What。
答案:A
解析:询问 “月份的数量”,用 how many(后接可数名词复数 months);how much 后接不可数名词,how old 询问年龄,how long 询问时长,均不符合语境,故选 A。
答案:When is her birthday
解析:对 “on June 15th”(具体日期)提问用 when,语序为 “when+be 动词 is + 主语”。
答案:Whose birthday is in December
解析:“谁的” 用 whose,“生日” 是 birthday,“在十二月” 用 in December,语序为 “whose birthday+be 动词 is + 地点状语”。
答案:Why do you like December
解析:主语是 you,谓语是 like,缺助动词 do,需在 why 后加 do,调整为 “why+do + 主语 + 谓语” 语序。
答案:How
解析:对 “have a party with my friends”(庆祝生日的方式)提问用 how,固定搭配 “how + 助动词 do + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 How。
答案:B
解析:在 “多个月份中选择最喜欢的”,用 which;what 询问事物,where 询问地点,when 询问时间,均不符合语境,故选 B。
【how 系列高频疑问词练习四】
(一)how many 与 how much 辨析练习(6 题)
答案:A
解析:apples 是可数名词复数,询问 “多少个苹果” 用 how many;how much 用于不可数名词或价格,how old 询问年龄,how long 询问时长,均不符合语境,故选 A。
答案:B
解析:milk 是不可数名词,询问 “多少牛奶” 用 how much;how many 用于可数名词复数,how often 询问频率,how soon 询问未来间隔,均不符合语境,故选 B。
答案:How much did you spend on the books in September
解析:划线部分 “two hundred yuan” 是价格,询问价格用 how much,原句时态是一般过去时(spent),需加助动词 did,语序为 “how much+did + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 How much did you spend on the books in September
答案:How much will you spend on new clothes in November
解析:“多少钱” 用 how much,“花多少钱买” 用 spend on,“十一月” 用 in November,时态为一般将来时(will spend),语序为 “how much+will + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 How much will you spend on new clothes in November
答案:How many students are there in your class They will have a trip in October.
解析:students 是可数名词复数,询问数量需用 how many,故将 how much 改为 how many。
答案:How much
解析:time 是不可数名词,询问 “多少时间” 用 how much,故填 How much。
(二)how long/how often/how soon 辨析练习(3 题)
答案:A
解析:回答 “For two weeks” 是时间段,询问 “待多久” 用 how long;how often 询问频率,how soon 询问未来间隔,how old 询问年龄,均不符合语境,故选 A。
答案:How often do they go to visit their grandparents They usually go in the first week.
解析:划线部分 “once a month” 是频率,询问频率用 how often,原句时态是一般现在时(go),主语是 they,需加助动词 do,语序为 “how often+do + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 How often do they go to visit their grandparents They usually go in the first week.
答案:How soon
解析:回答 “In ten minutes” 是未来间隔,询问 “多久之后到达” 用 how soon,故填 How soon。
3 年内真题训练答案与解析(10 题)
答案:C
解析:日期中 “日” 是序数词,序数词前需加定冠词 the,“1st” 是序数词,故填 the,选 C。
答案:September
解析:“九月” 的英文是 September,专有名词首字母大写,无复数形式,故填 September。
答案:B
解析:在 “一年 12 个月份中选择最喜欢的”,用 which;what 询问事物,when 询问时间,why 询问原因,均不符合语境,故选 B。
答案:third
解析:“第三次” 用序数词 third,前有物主代词 my,不加 the,故填 third。
答案:May 5th /the 5th of May
解析:英文日期表达有两种:“月份 + 序数词”(May 5th)和 “the + 序数词 + of + 月份”(the 5th of May),两种形式均正确,故填其中一种即可。
答案:A
解析:对 “Every Saturday afternoon”(频率)提问用 how often;how long 询问时长,how many 询问可数名词数量,how much 询问不可数名词数量或价格,均不符合语境,故选 A。
答案:B
解析:第一空表 “12 个月份”,用基数词 twelve;第二空表 “第十二个月份”,用序数词 twelfth,前加 the(此处句中已有定冠词 the,故直接填 twelfth),故选 B。
答案:B
解析:“July 1st” 是具体日期,具体日期前用介词 on;in 用于月份 / 年份前,at 用于时刻前,for 用于时间段前,均不符合语境,故选 B。
答案:C
解析:时间状语 “last month”(上个月)表明时态为一般过去时,谓语动词 win 需用过去式 won;A 是原形,B 是第三人称单数,D 是一般将来时,均不符合时态,故选 C。
答案:A
解析:句意为 “他已经读了这本书两次,想再读一次”,表 “又一次” 用 “a + 序数词”,third 是序数词,故填 a third,选 A;the third 表 “第三次”,特指顺序,不符合语境;third 前无 a/the,错误;three 是基数词,后接复数 times,不符合 “time”(单数)。
强化训练答案与解析(满分 100 分)
(一)单项选择题(每题 4 分,共 40 分)
答案:C
解析:“第八个月份” 用序数词 eighth,序数词前需加定冠词 the;A 是基数词,B 缺 the,D 是 “八” 的基数词加 the,均错误,故选 C。
答案:C
解析:日期与星期结合的结构为 “星期 +,+ 月份 + 序数词”,星期后需加逗号,且不用再加介词 on(句中已有 on);A 缺逗号,B 多介词 on,D 多定冠词 the,均错误,故选 C。
答案:A
解析:对 “Every two months”(频率)提问用 how often;how long 询问时长,how many 询问可数名词数量,how much 询问不可数名词数量,均不符合语境,故选 A。
答案:B
解析:表 “天数” 用基数词,“28 天” 是 twenty-eight days,“29 天” 是 twenty-nine days;A 中 twenty-ninth 是序数词,C、D 中 twenty-eighth 是序数词,均错误,故选 B。
答案:B
解析:主语 “the girl in blue” 是第三人称单数,谓语是实义动词 look,需用助动词 does;A 是原形(用于主语非三单),C、D 是 be 动词(look like 是实义动词短语,不用 be 动词),均错误,故选 B。
答案:A
解析:句意为 “这是我又一次去上海,我很期待”,表 “又一次” 用 “a + 序数词”,second 是序数词,故填 a second,选 A;the second 表 “第二次”,特指顺序,不符合语境;second 前无 a/the,错误;two 是基数词,后接复数 times,不符合 “time”(单数)。
答案:B
解析:英文日期规范表达为 “月份 + 序数词”,“6 月 5 日” 是 June 5th;A 中 5 是基数词,C、D 是 “日期 + 月份”(中式表达,不规范),均错误,故选 B。
答案:C
解析:第一空询问 “月份数量”,用 how many(后接可数名词复数 months);第二空表 “第十二个月份”,用序数词 twelfth,前加 the;A 中 twelfth 缺 the,B、D 中 how much 用于不可数名词,均错误,故选 C。
答案:A
解析:时间状语 “last year”(去年)表明时态为一般过去时,谓语动词 go 需用过去式 went;第二空询问 “再次去北京的时间”,用 when;B 中 goes 是一般现在时,C、D 中 what 询问事物,均错误,故选 A。
答案:B
解析:对 “my brother's”(所属关系)提问用 whose;who 询问人,which 询问选择,what 询问事物,均不符合语境,故选 B。
(二)填空题(每空 3 分,共 30 分)
答案:twelfth
解析:“第十二天” 用序数词 twelfth,前有定冠词 the,故填 twelfth。
答案:October
解析:“十月” 的英文是 October,专有名词首字母大写,无复数形式,故填 October。
答案:What
解析:对 “English”(事物,学科)提问用 what,固定搭配 “what+be 动词 is + 主语”,故填 What。
答案:thirty-one;first
解析:第一空表 “31 天”,用基数词 thirty-one;第二空表 “第一个月份”,用序数词 first,前有定冠词 the,故填 thirty-one;first。
答案:a
解析:句意为 “他失败了两次,但决定再试一次”,表 “又一次” 用 “a + 序数词”,故填 a。
答案:April 3rd /the 3rd of April
解析:英文日期表达有两种:“月份 + 序数词”(April 3rd)和 “the + 序数词 + of + 月份”(the 3rd of April),两种形式均正确,故填其中一种即可。
答案:Which
解析:在 “多个月份中选择最冷的”,用 which;what 询问事物,不表选择,故填 Which。
答案:Monday, May 10th / Monday, the 10th of May
解析:星期与日期结合的规范表达为 “星期 +,+ 月份 + 序数词” 或 “星期 +,+the + 序数词 + of + 月份”,故填 Monday, May 10th 或 Monday, the 10th of May。
答案:When
解析:对 “At 6:30”(时刻)提问用 when,固定搭配 “when + 助动词 do + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 When。
答案:fifth
解析:“第五年” 用序数词 fifth,前有名词所有格 my uncle's,不加 the,故填 fifth。
(三)句型转换与翻译(每题 5 分,共 30 分)
答案:He will hold a Christmas party on December 25th.
解析:“举办” 用 hold,“圣诞派对” 是 Christmas party(辅音音素开头,前用 a),“12 月 25 日” 是 on December 25th(具体日期前用 on,序数词 25th 不可写为 25),时态为一般将来时(will + 动词原形)。
答案:When will they go to the zoo
解析:对 “on Sunday, June 18th”(具体日期)提问用 when,语序为 “when + 助动词 will + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 When will they go to the zoo
答案:What does the girl in white want to drink
解析:主语 “the girl in white” 是第三人称单数,谓语是 want,缺助动词 does,需在 what 后加 does,调整为 “what+does + 主语 + 谓语” 语序,故填 What does the girl in white want to drink
答案:This is the fourth time I have traveled to Beijing in May.
解析:“第四次” 用 the fourth time(表顺序,前加 the),“去北京旅行” 用 travel to Beijing,“在五月” 用 in May,时态为现在完成时(have traveled,表 “到目前为止第四次”)。
答案:Why does she like January best
解析:对 “because she can ski in winter”(原因)提问用 why,主语 she 是第三人称单数,谓语 like 需加助动词 does,语序为 “why+does + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 Why does she like January best
答案:Today is Friday, August 5th.
解析:“Today” 作主语时,后直接接 be 动词 + 日期,无需加介词 on(on 用于 “具体日期前作状语”,如 on Friday,此处 Friday 是表语),故删去 on。
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