人教版(2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元检测卷(含解析)

Unit 1 Science and Scientists—人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册单元检测卷
(100分)
一、语法填空(共10小题,每小题4分)
1. The scientist made a great________(discover) in the field of physics last year.
2. It is________(evidence) that his research has made a significant impact.
3. The________(apply) of new technology has brought great changes to our lives.
4. We should encourage students________(explore) the unknown world with curiosity.
5. The________(science) method is crucial for conducting reliable research.
6.________(fortune), the experiment turned out to be a great success.
7. The________(theory) he put forward in his paper are quite innovative.
8. She has a strong________(believe) in the power of science to change the world.
9. The________(assume) that all scientists are boring is completely wrong.
10. They are working hard________(find) a solution to the environmental problem.
二、阅读理解(共4小题,每小题5分)
Marie - Thérèse Mongin was a remarkable scientist. She was born in France in 1959. From a young age, she showed a great interest in science, especially in the field of chemistry.
Mongin's early education was filled with challenges. As a girl in a time when gender biases still existed in the scientific community, she faced many obstacles. However, her passion for science was so strong that she overcame these difficulties. She studied hard and was determined to pursue a career in research.
After completing her higher education, Mongin dedicated herself to the study of polymers. Polymers are large molecules that have a wide range of applications, from plastics to biological materials. Her research focused on developing new types of polymers with unique properties. She spent countless hours in the laboratory, conducting experiments and analyzing data.
Mongin's work led to several important discoveries. She developed a new kind of biodegradable polymer that could be used to replace traditional plastics, which are harmful to the environment. This discovery not only advanced the field of chemistry but also had a significant impact on environmental protection.
Despite her achievements, Mongin remained humble. She was always willing to share her knowledge and experiences with young scientists. She believed that by inspiring the next generation, she could contribute more to the development of science.
11. What was Mongin's main field of study
A. Biology.
B. Chemistry.
C. Physics.
D. Mathematics.
12. What challenges did Mongin face in her early education
A. Lack of interest in science.
B. Gender biases in the scientific community.
C. Poor academic performance.
D. A lack of research opportunities.
13. What was the significance of Mongin's discovery of the new biodegradable polymer
A. It made her famous overnight.
B. It only had applications in the field of chemistry.
C. It could replace traditional plastics and help protect the environment.
D. It was too complex to be used in real - life situations.
14. What kind of person was Mongin according to the passage
A. Arrogant.
B. Lazy.
C. Humble and inspiring.
D. Selfish.
三、七选五(共5小题,每小题5分)
Science is constantly evolving, and staying updated with the latest scientific knowledge is essential. Here are some ways to keep up with the scientific world.
15.________. Subscribe to scientific journals. Magazines like “Nature” and “Science” publish the latest research findings regularly. By subscribing to these journals, you can get access to cutting - edge research in various fields.
16.________. Follow scientific news websites. There are many websites that report on scientific breakthroughs, new discoveries, and upcoming research projects. These websites often provide summaries and analysis of scientific studies, making it easier for you to understand the key points.
17.________. Attend scientific conferences. Conferences are a great place to meet leading scientists, learn about the latest research trends, and exchange ideas. You can also present your own research if you're a scientist or a student.
18.________. Join scientific communities. Online platforms and social media groups focused on science allow you to interact with like - minded people. You can discuss scientific topics, ask questions, and share your thoughts with others who are passionate about science.
19.________. Take online courses. Many universities and educational institutions offer free or paid online courses in science. These courses can help you deepen your understanding of scientific concepts and keep you updated with the latest research methods.
A. Take advantage of online courses.
B. Subscribe to scientific publications.
C. Participate in scientific conferences.
D. Join scientific communities and groups.
E. Follow scientific news sources.
F. Read scientific books regularly.
G. Conduct your own research.
四、完形填空(共15小题,每小题1分)
Dr. Smith was a well - known scientist. He had spent his whole life 20________ in the field of medicine. One day, he received a letter from a young student named Tom. Tom was 21________ in Dr. Smith's research and had some questions.
Dr. Smith 22________ to answer Tom's questions. He saw a lot of potential in Tom. He thought that Tom could be a great scientist in the future if he 23________ properly.
Over the next few months, Dr. Smith and Tom 24________ regularly. Dr. Smith gave Tom advice on how to study science and encouraged him to 25________ his dreams. Tom was very 26________ for Dr. Smith's help.
As Tom grew older, he decided to pursue a career in science. He 27________ Dr. Smith's footsteps and started his own research. His research was 28________, but he didn't give up.
With Dr. Smith's guidance and his own hard work, Tom made a 29________ discovery. His discovery could potentially save many lives. The scientific community was 30________ by his achievement.
Tom was very proud of himself, but he never 31________ Dr. Smith's help. He knew that without Dr. Smith, he 32________ have achieved so much.
Dr. Smith was also very 33________ of Tom. He saw that his efforts in guiding Tom had 34________. It was a great feeling for him to see a young scientist grow and succeed.
20. A. teaching B. researching C. writing D. reading
21. A. interested B. bored C. disappointed D. surprised
22. A. refused B. agreed C. forgot D. remembered
23. A. trained B. played C. rested D. exercised
24. A. argued B. fought C. communicated D. worked
25. A. give up B. look for C. stick to D. run after
26. A. sorry B. grateful C. angry D. sad
27. A. followed B. missed C. avoided D. left
28. A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring
29. A. small B. big C. strange D. common
30. A. impressed B. disappointed C. bored D. tired
31. A. thanked B. hated C. forgot D. remembered
32. A. couldn't B. could C. mustn't D. must
33. A. afraid B. proud C. tired D. careful
34. A. paid back B. paid off C. paid for D. paid out
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1. 答案:discovery
解析:make a discovery为固定搭配,意为“做出发现”,此处用discover的名词形式。
2. 答案:evident
解析:It is evident that...为固定句型,意为“很明显……”,用evidence的形容词形式。
3. 答案:application
解析:定冠词the后接名词,apply的名词形式为application,意为“应用”。
4. 答案:to explore
解析:encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“鼓励某人做某事”,所以用to explore。
5. 答案:scientific
解析:修饰名词method,用science的形容词形式scientific,意为“科学的”。
6. 答案:Fortunately
解析:修饰整个句子,用副词,fortune的副词形式为fortunately,意为“幸运地”,注意首字母大写。
7. 答案:theories
解析:根据后面的are可知,此处应用theory的复数形式theories。
8. 答案:belief
解析:a strong belief表示“坚定的信念”,用believe的名词形式belief。
9. 答案:assumption
解析:定冠词the后接名词,assume的名词形式为assumption,意为“假设”。
10. 答案:to find
解析:此处用动词不定式表示目的,他们努力工作是为了找到解决环境问题的方法,所以用to find。
二、阅读理解
11. 答案:B
解析:根据文章第一段“especially in the field of chemistry”可知,Mongin的主要研究领域是化学,B选项正确。A选项“生物学”、C选项“物理学”、D选项“数学”均不符合文意。
12. 答案:B
解析:从文章第二段“As a girl in a time when gender biases still existed in the scientific community, she faced many obstacles”可知,Mongin在早期教育中面临科学界的性别偏见,B选项正确。A选项“对科学缺乏兴趣”、C选项“学习成绩差”、D选项“缺乏研究机会”在文中均未提及。
13. 答案:C
解析:根据文章第四段“She developed a new kind of biodegradable polymer that could be used to replace traditional plastics, which are harmful to the environment”可知,她发现的新型可生物降解聚合物可以替代传统塑料,有助于保护环境,C选项正确。A选项“使她一夜成名”在文中未提及;B选项“只在化学领域有应用”,与原文不符;D选项“太复杂而无法在现实生活中使用”,原文未提及。
14. 答案:C
解析:从文章最后一段“Despite her achievements, Mongin remained humble. She was always willing to share her knowledge and experiences with young scientists”可知,Mongin既谦逊又能激励他人,C选项正确。A选项“傲慢的”、B选项“懒惰的”、D选项“自私的”均不符合文意。
三、七选五
15. 答案:B
解析:该段建议订阅科学期刊,B选项“Subscribe to scientific publications.”(订阅科学出版物)符合该段主旨。
16. 答案:E
解析:此段说要关注科学新闻网站,E选项“Follow scientific news sources.”(关注科学新闻来源)能概括该段内容。
17. 答案:C
解析:这段主要讲参加科学会议的好处,C选项“Participate in scientific conferences.”(参加科学会议)正确。
18. 答案:D
解析:该段鼓励加入科学社区,D选项“Join scientific communities and groups.”(加入科学社区和团体)符合段落主旨。
19. 答案:A
解析:此段建议参加在线课程,A选项“Take advantage of online courses.”(利用在线课程)能概括该段内容。
四、完形填空
20. 答案:B
解析:根据“in the field of medicine”以及后文提到的研究等内容可知,Dr. Smith一生都在医学领域做研究,researching意为“研究”,B选项正确。A选项teaching“教学”;C选项writing“写作”;D选项reading“阅读”均不符合语境。
21. 答案:A
解析:根据“had some questions”可知,Tom对Dr. Smith的研究感兴趣,be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”,A选项正确。B选项bored“无聊的”;C选项disappointed“失望的”;D选项surprised“惊讶的”均不符合语境。
22. 答案:B
解析:根据“He saw a lot of potential in Tom”可知,Dr. Smith同意回答Tom的问题,agreed意为“同意”,B选项正确。A选项refused“拒绝”;C选项forgot“忘记”;D选项remembered“记得”均不符合语境。
23. 答案:A
解析:Dr. Smith认为如果Tom得到适当训练,可能会成为伟大的科学家,trained意为“训练”,A选项正确。B选项played“玩耍”;C选项rested“休息”;D选项exercised“锻炼”均不符合语境。
24. 答案:C
解析:在接下来的几个月里,他们经常交流,communicated意为“交流”,C选项正确。A选项argued“争论”;B选项fought“打架”;D选项worked“工作”均不符合语境。
25. 答案:C
解析:Dr. Smith鼓励Tom坚持自己的梦想,stick to意为“坚持”,C选项正确。A选项give up“放弃”;B选项look for“寻找”;D选项run after“追求”均不符合语境。
26. 答案:B
解析:Tom对Dr. Smith的帮助非常感激,grateful意为“感激的”,B选项正确。A选项sorry“抱歉的”;C选项angry“生气的”;D选项sad“悲伤的”均不符合语境。
27. 答案:A
解析:Tom追随Dr. Smith的脚步,开始自己的研究,follow one's footsteps表示“追随某人的脚步”,A选项正确。B选项missed“错过”;C选项avoided“避免”;D选项left“离开”均不符合语境。
28. 答案:B
解析:根据“but he didn't give up”可知,他的研究很困难,difficult意为“困难的”,B选项正确。A选项easy“容易的”;C选项interesting“有趣的”;D选项boring“无聊的”均不符合语境。
29. 答案:B
解析:根据“His discovery could potentially save many lives”可知,他有了一个重大发现,big意为“重大的”,B选项正确。A选项small“小的”;C选项strange“奇怪的”;D选项common“普通的”均不符合语境。
30. 答案:A
解析:科学界对他的成就印象深刻,impressed意为“印象深刻的”,A选项正确。B选项disappointed“失望的”;C选项bored“无聊的”;D选项tired“疲惫的”均不符合语境。
31. 答案:C
解析:Tom从未忘记Dr. Smith的帮助,forgot意为“忘记”,C选项正确。A选项thanked“感谢”;B选项hated“讨厌”;D选项remembered“记得”均不符合语境。
32. 答案:A
解析:他知道没有Dr. Smith的帮助,他不可能取得这么多成就,couldn't have done表示对过去情况的否定推测,A选项正确。B选项could“能够”;C选项mustn't“禁止”;D选项must“必须”均不符合语境。
33. 答案:B
解析:Dr. Smith也为Tom感到骄傲,be proud of表示“为……感到骄傲”,B选项正确。A选项afraid“害怕的”;C选项tired“疲惫的”;D选项careful“小心的”均不符合语境。
34. 答案:B
解析:他看到自己指导Tom的努力得到了回报,pay off意为“取得成功;得到回报”,B选项正确。A选项paid back“偿还”;C选项paid for“为……付款”;D选项paid out“付出;支出”均不符合语境。

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