绝密★考试结束前
英语试卷
考生须知：
1．本卷满分150分，考试时间90分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效
一、听力选择题
1. Why has the woman gone to Prague
A．To go sightseeing.
B．To attend a conference.
C．To see a friend
2. Why does the man advise the woman to take the subway
A．The roads are narrow.
B．It is not convenient to take a bus.
C．The interesting places are all very far.
3. How long does it take from the hotel to the conference center by bus
A．For 6 minutes.
B．For 15 minutes.
C．For 5 minutes.
4. What can we learn from the conversation
A．It is easy to get lost at the subway station.
B．The pay by trip on the subway depends on the distance.
C．There isn’t a subway station near the conference center.
5. When will the next train to Bedford leave
A．At 9:45. B．At 10:15. C．At 11:00.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What will the weather be like today
A．Stormy. B．Sunny. C．Foggy.
7. What is the man going to do
A．Plant a tree. B．Move his car. C．Check the map.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why is Kathy in California now
A．She is on vacation there. B．She has just moved there. C．She is doing business there.
9. What is the relationship between Tom and Fiona
A．Husband and wife. B．Brother and sister. C．Father and daughter.
10. What does Kathy thank Dave for
A．Finding her a new job. B．Sending her a present. C．Calling on her mother.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. How did Jack go to school when he was a child
A．By bike. B．On foot. C．By bus.
12. What is Jack's attitude toward parents driving their kids to school
A．Disapproving. B．Encouraging. C．Understanding.
13. What is the problem with some parents according to the woman
A．Overprotecting their children.
B．Pushing their children too hard.
C．Having no time for their children.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first
A．To keep records of her progress.
B．To sell home-grown vegetables.
C．To motivate her fellow gardeners.
15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries
A．They need no special care.
B．They can be used in cooking.
C．They bear a lot of fruit soon.
16. What is difficult for Marie to grow
A．Herbs. B．Carrots. C．Pears.
17. What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening
A．Aim high. B．Keep focused. C．Stay optimistic.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What is "Life of Johnson"
A．A magazine column. B．A TV series. C．A historical novel.
19. What is Johnson famous for
A．His acting talent. B．His humorous writing. C．His long sports career.
20. When did Johnson join Sports Times
A．In 1981. B．In 1983. C．In 1985.
阅读理解
A
Cracks are very common in concrete structures due to various chemical and physical phenomena that occur during everyday use. And tiny cracks can be quite harmful because they provide an easy route in for liquids and gasses — and the harmful substances they might contain. For instance, micro-cracks can allow water and oxygen to infiltrate and then corrode the steel, leading to structural failure.
But continuous maintenance and repair work is difficult because it usually requires an enormous amount of labor and investment.
Scientists have been trying to figure out how these harmful cracks could heal themselves without human intervention. The idea was originally inspired by the amazing ability of the human body to heal itself of cuts, bruises and broken bones. A person takes in nutrients which the body uses to produce new substitutes to heal damaged tissues. In the same way, can we provide necessary products to concrete to fill in cracks when damage happens
Through long time research, scientists have found an unusual candidate to help concrete heal itself: a fungus called T. reesei. It is found that as calcium hydroxide from concrete dissolved in water, the pH of the fungal growth medium increased from a close-to-neutral original value of 6.5 all the way to a very alkaline 13.0. Of all the fungi tested, only T. reesei could survive this environment. Despite the drastic pH increase, its spores germinated into threadlike hyphal mycelium and grew equally well with or without concrete.
Scientists propose including fungal spores, together with nutrients, during the initial mixing process when building a new concrete structure. When the inevitable cracking occurs and water finds its way in, the dormant fungal spores will germinate. As they grow, they’ll work as a catalyst within the calcium-rich conditions of the concrete to promote precipitation of calcium carbonate crystals. These mineral deposits can fill in the cracks. When the cracks are completely caulked and no more water can enter, the fungi will again form spores. If cracks form again and environmental conditions become favorable, the spores could wake up and repeat the process.
T. reesei is eco-friendly, posing no known risk to human health. In fact, T. reesei has a long history of safe use in industrial-scale production of carbohydrase enzymes, such as cellulase, which plays an important role in fermentation processes during winemaking. Of course, researchers will need to conduct a thorough assessment to investigate any possible immediate and long-term effects on the environment and human health prior to its use as a healing agent in concrete infrastructure.
21. According to the passage, tiny cracks in concrete structures may lead to ________.
A．Disfunction even collapse of the entire structure
B．Continuous maintenance and rebuilding
C．Leakage of liquids and gasses
D．Waste of water and oxygen
22. What can we know about T. reesei
A．It is widely used in building concrete structures.
B．It can survive in extreme environment.
C．It can help the concrete cracks heal.
D．It is a newly discovered fungi.
23. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．T. reesei might be used on human.
B．The research is still at its initially stage.
C．T. reesei is unreplaceable in winemaking.
D．T. reesei has long-term effects on human health
B
“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”
24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him
A．He’s odd. B．He’s strict. C．He’s brave. D．He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A．He was trained in it at university. B．He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C．He benefited from it as a patient. D．He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B．The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C．Examples of rare animal diseases. D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A．To prove Farber’s point. B．To emphasize its importance.
C．To praise veterinarians. D．To advocate animal protection.
C
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material The answers to both questions are often “no”. The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Seem unlikely to last. B．Seem hard to explain.
C．Become ready to use. D．Become easy to notice.
29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume
A．Readers treat digital texts lightly. B．Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C．People select digital texts randomly. D．Digital texts are suitable for social media.
30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers
A．They can hold students' attention. B．They are more convenient to prepare.
C．They help develop advanced skills. D．They are more informative than text.
31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．Students should apply multiple learning techniques.
B．Teachers should produce their own teaching material.
C．Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
D．Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.
D
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
32. What do we know about the records of species collected now
A．They are becoming outdated. B．They are mostly in electronic form.
C．They are limited in number. D．They are used for public exhibition.
33. What does Daru’s study focus on
A．Threatened species. B．Physical specimens.
C．Observational data. D．Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study
A．Mistakes in data analysis. B．Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C．Improper way of sampling. D．Unreliable data collection devices.
35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps
A．Review data from certain areas. B．Hire experts to check the records.
C．Confirm the identity of the users. D．Give guidance to citizen scientists.
E
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
38 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A．I don't often use this dictionary.
B．It takes no account of the context.
C．But I still don't want to replace them.
D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
完形填空
I’m a 47-year-old teacher. I am so blessed to work in the greatest ________ for 20 years. Despite the ______ schedule and hard work, I finish each day feeling I have made a ________ . This is the drive that keeps me ________ and passionate. As Christa ‘ McAuliffe said, “I touch the future, I teach.”
When I was named Maryland Teacher of the Year, I received a congratulatory e-mail from a former student who is now ________ Georgetown University and is a leader in the student-run Women in Politics group. Recently, I watched a college basketball game to find another former student ________ up and down the court for Georgetown. Walking through a supermarket yesterday, I ________ encountered a former student, who handed me a business card for the company he started, at age twenty-two. Another student said he is in the ________ of applying for law school at Howard University. Believe it or not, I ________ former students with similar success stories nearly every week.
Seeing their success and knowing that I was able to make a small ________ to their success is the greatest ________. Those glorious moments ________ me to continue hoping to play a role in the life of every child. Sometimes, while I am watching my ________ students working in class, I try to ________ what they will be doing ten years from now. I would not ________ my career for any other. I literally touch the future every day.
41.
A．business B．company C．profession D．project
42.
A．light B．tight C．flexible D．casual
43.
A．difference B．fortune C．name D．promise
44.
A．generous B．independent C．curious D．inspired
45.
A．leaving B．joining C．attending D．visiting
46.
A．cheering B．pacing C．judging D．running
47.
A．unavoidably B．unexpectedly C．unconditionally D．unquestioningly
48.
A．habit B．form C．hope D．process
49.
A．came across B．picked up C．calmed down D．turned to
50.
A．change B．contribution C．proposal D．chance
51.
A．help B．praise C．reward D．response
52.
A．pressure B．block C．fuel D．corner
53.
A．current B．regular C．top D．average
54.
A．realize B．picture C．confirm D．doubt
55.
A．charge B．prepare C．provide D．trade
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
August 3rd is Watermelon Day, an annual holiday that celebrates everyone’s favorite summer fruit. 56 (make) of almost 92% water, the fruit is full of vitamin A and vitamin C and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). So what are you waiting for Get yourself a few slices of watermelon 57 (celebrate) this delicious holiday.
Watermelon is an ancient food that 58 (believe) to have originated in Africa. Historians have found evidence of watermelon planting as far back as 4,000 years ago. Today, 59 (variety) of the fruit are grown in warm parts of the world.
Because of 60 (it) high water content, watermelon is a kind of thirst -quenching (解渴的) fruit. In fact, in the Kalahari Desert, 61 watermelon is called “tsamma”, it is one of the main sources of water during the dry, hot season. In the past, people 62 (go) across the desert only during a good tsamma season.
Some studies have shown that the antioxidants in watermelon can reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Moreover, all parts of the fruit are eatable. Its flesh can be eaten 63 (direct) or juiced. In many parts of the world, 64 thick green outer covering of the fruit serves 65 a dish, and its seeds are dried, roasted and enjoyed like nuts.
五、书信写作
66. 你们学校的运动会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者。假如你是李华，红星中学的一名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 个人介绍；
2. 自身优势；
3. 强烈意愿。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As my mom says, love is simple. There came a time in my life, over two years ago, when I had the desire to impact someone’s life positively. My friend Kelley told me about a volunteer trip she had taken to Gary, West Virginia, and it was a life-changing experience. After looking into service opportunities, I signed up to take a volunteer trip to Gary.
Volunteer trips have become increasingly popular among young people seeking meaningful experiences. They gain access to a wide range of volunteer projects concerning various fields such as education, environmental conservation, community development, and more.
When we arrived in Gary, I noticed how different the town was from where I lived. Houses were built on little hills. There were few stores or restaurants in town; most had closed. You were lucky to find a gas station or grocery store.
My job was to help build a new school. The work days were long and hot. We awoke at 6 a. m. and worked through the day in 90 degree heat. There were always encouraging people by my side who helped keep me going. Anyway, it was an unforgettable experience.
Then last summer, I decided to challenge myself by taking a volunteer trip abroad with some other volunteers and taking up meaningful volunteer work in a foreign community. My destination was a remote village in Honduras, a country in Central America. I wanted to teach science to the poor children there.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eager to participate, I talked to my parents, but they didn’t say yes at first.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then we wasted no time in getting ready for our science teaching.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
一、听力选择题
1 - 5 BABBA
6 - 10 ABABC
11 - 15 BCACA
16 - 20 CCBBA
二、阅读理解
21 - 23 ACB
24 - 27 ACDA
28 - 31 DAAA
32 - 35 BCCD
36 - 40 FCEAD
三、完形填空
41 - 45 CBADC
46 - 50 DBDAB
51 - 55 CCABD
四、语法填空
Made
to celebrate
is believed
varieties
its
where
went
directly
the
as
五、书信写作
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a student from Hongxing Middle School. I'm outgoing and responsible, and I once organized a sports event in my school. This experience has equipped me with good communication and organizational skills.
I'm really eager to be a volunteer for the school sports meeting. I believe I can contribute to making this event a great success.
Thank you for considering my application.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
Eager to participate, I talked to my parents, but they didn’t say yes at first. They were worried about my safety in a foreign country. I understood their concerns, but I was determined. I told them about the detailed plans of the trip, including the local support and safety measures. I also emphasized how much I could learn and grow from this experience. After much discussion, they finally agreed, on the condition that I kept in touch with them regularly. I was thrilled and started preparing immediately.
Then we wasted no time in getting ready for our science teaching. We collected simple and interesting science experiment materials, like balloons, cups, and magnets. We designed lesson plans that combined theory with hands - on activities to make the classes engaging. When we arrived at the village, the children's eager faces greeted us. We started the classes with an exciting experiment, and the children were amazed. Watching their eyes light up with curiosity and wonder, I knew this trip was going to be a rewarding one.

郑重声明：本文版权归原作者所有，转载文章仅为传播更多信息之目的，如作者信息标记有误，请第一时间联系我们修改或删除，多谢。