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1、2024学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷2024.12高三英语     试卷（考试时间105分钟  满分115分）I. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form

2、of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Pioneers in artificial intelligence win the Nobel Prize in physics The 2024 Nobel Prize in physics has been awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. They are known for their fundamental discoveries in machine learni

3、ng, (1)_ paved the way for how artificial intelligence is used today.Machine learning differs from traditional software. The software receives data, which is processed according to a clear description, and (2)_ (produce) the results. In machine learning, the computer learns by example, enabling it t

4、o tackle problems that are too complicated (3)_ (manage) by step-by-step instructions.Hinton and Hopfield (4)_ (credit) with using tools from physics to advance basic research in the field. In 1982, Hopfield developed a model of neural (神经的) networks, today known as the Hopfield network, to describe

5、 how the brain recalls memories when (5)_ (feed) partial information, similar to the method your brain uses to remember a word on the tip of your tongue.Geoff Hinton and colleagues further developed the Hopfield network. To do that, Hinton used statistical physics, based on an equation invented by t

6、he nineteenth-century physicist Ludwig Boltzmann, creating a “Boltzmann machine.” It can learnnot from instructions, but from (6)_ (give) examples. A trained Boltzmann machine can recognize familiar traits (特质) in information it has not previously seen. Imagine meeting a friends brother or sister, and you can immediately see that they (7)_ be related. In a similar way, the Boltzmann machine can recognize an entirely new ex

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