课时把关练
Part I Reading and Thinking
基础知识练
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. It is reported that the prime minister will e （延长）his visit until next Tuesday.
2. Roy told his sorrowful t （故事）with straight-forward words anybody could understand.
3. The two leaders n （谈判）to strengthen the bonds between the two countries.
4. To everyone’s excitement，the r （王室的） family will come to see the final of Europe’s Champion’s League.
5. After negotiating for three days，the premier stated that all foreign forces would w （撤离）as soon as the crisis ended.
6. Three days after the merchants set sail，we saw a great fleet of small boats in the c （海峡），paddling toward us.
7. We switched the channel to see which team finished the season at the top of the l （联赛）.
8. The agreement strengthened the b （关系） between the two countries，which is beneficial to all the merchants.
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
set sail，in a league of one’s own，develop relations with， withdraw from，in hand，become known as，search for，for the benefit of
1. It is a great privilege to get to know a painter，who is .
2. With the new information ，we finally finished the design ahead of time.
3. Christopher Columbus for the New World in the Santa Maria.
4. Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to survivors in an earthquake.
5. How much money do you wish to your account
6. This center is being constructed the next generation.
7. These Chinese immigrants settled in an area that later Chinatown.
8. We will continue to improve and the developed countries.
Ⅲ . 单句语法填空
1. Temporary （extend） of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.
2. Looking back on the last 10 years，there was a lot of what you could call （negotiate）.
3. （royal） and government leaders from all around the world are gathering in the conference venue.
4. The boat set sail Cyprus and arrived in Gaza after a 32-hour voyage.
5. （inspire） by the sunny weather，the frog decided to explore the woods.
6. The country tries its best to develop friendly relations its neighbors.
Ⅳ . 练通句型
【一句多译】
1. 为了维持关系，他们发展了成功交流的能力。
① They developed the ability to communicate successfully relationships. （目的状语）
② They developed the ability to communicate successfully relationships.（目的状语从句）
2. 经过几个月的航行，他们终于到达了我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的地方。
① After several months’ voyage，they finally reached we now call California. （定语从句）
② After several months’ voyage，they finally reached California. （名词性从句）
【句式升级】
3. Although he was wealthy，he still led a simple life.
→ ，he still led a simple life. （状语从句的省略）
4. The girl from London was attracted by the beauty of nature and decided to spend another two days on the farm.
→ ，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.（过去分词短语作状语）
5. The little girl felt a little nervous on the stage as so many people were looking at her.
→ The little girl felt a little nervous on the stage . （with 复合结构）
能力提升练
V.课文语法填空
It is well-known that mankind’s greatest achievements have often resulted from trade and 1.
（curious）and people of early civilisations had a strong desire 2. （complete） the great map of the world.
In ancient times，Chinese merchants shipped silk to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became 3. （know）as the Silk Road. Trade between merchants from China and other places resulted in better
4. （understand） of each other’s cultures. In the Ming Dynasty，seven large fleets 5. （lead）by Zheng He set sail from the South China Sea 6. the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa for trade and exploration.
China has launched the Belt and Road Initiative，7. aim is to encourage 8. （cooperate）and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen 9. bonds between China and the rest of the world. China has also teamed up with other 10. （country）to study the Arctic in order to under-stand climate change and its effects.
VI.阅读理解
A
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year，the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse，”a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves，frozen mid-crash. Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups，the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City，Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone，the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to show a specific statistic：Every 60 seconds，a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work，titled“Truckload of Plastic，”Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic，which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
1. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for
A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
C. Introducing eco-friendly products. D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
2. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in Paragraph 3
A. To explain why they are useful. B. To voice his views on modern art.
C. To show the difficulty of their recycling. D. To find a substitute for them.
3. What effect would“Truckload of Plastic”have on viewers
A. Disturbing. B. Calming. C. Refreshing. D. Challenging.
4. What is the main idea of the text
A. Artists’s opinions on plastic safety. B. Media interest in contemporary art.
C. Responsibility demanded of big companies. D. Ocean plastics transformed into sculptures.
B
Environmental pollution and other human activities are leading to thousands of deaths among seabirds，a new study has warned.
Ecological experts tracked the behavior of British and Irish seabirds. They used satellites to track hundreds of the creatures to find out where they went to catch fish at sea. The study can help assess potential impact from human activities and where protected areas of the seas should be.
Lightweight GPS tags were fitted to more than 1，300 adult birds from 29 different colonies around the UK and Ireland，including kittiwakes，shags，razorbills and guillemots. Results from the five-year study show the large areas of sea the four seabird species use. They found it was at least 600，000 square miles，an area three times the size of Spain. It shows how far they travel from their nests in search of food for their chicks. And it shows the use of the seas by all four species concentrated in the coastal waters of Scotland，highlighting the importance of conservation measures there.
The four species studied require conservation help，with kittiwake numbers declining 71 percent in the past 25 years and shag populations down 61 percent. This means both seabirds are“red listed”and need urgent protection. Razorbills and guillemots are“amber listed”，which means they are considered to need conservation action.
Dr. Ewan，lead author of the research，said，“Many seabirds are at the top of the marine food web. They feed on some small fish but that prey is declining because of human pressures，including climate change. The result is that thousands of sea baby birds are dying each year because their parents can’t feed them. For the first time，this study provides us with a full map for the feeding areas for some of our most important seabird species.”
The analysis provides critical data to inform marine management，the experts said.
5. Which is one of the purposes of the study
A. To find out where to catch more fish.
B. To judge which sea should be protected.
C. To know the seabirds’ impacts on human beings.
D. To study the behavior of British and Irish seabirds.
6. How did the experts track the seabirds
A. With the help of satellites. B. With the help of the fishermen.
C. By observing human activities. D. By tying GPS tags on the ship.
7. On which coast would most tracked seabirds gather
A. France. B. Ireland. C. Spain. D. Scotland.
8. What’s Dr. Ewan’s attitude towards the research
A. Puzzled. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Disappointed.
VII.完形填空
Five days before Christmas，police officer Lima was sent to a local Stop & Shop for a reported theft. The accusation was that two females were scanning（扫描）some items at the self-checkout but 1 other items and bagging those items. The two females and two children were already 2 by Loss and Prevention over there.
Lima had two girls himself，similar in age to the two girls there，so it 3 him a little bit. Lima 4 the receipt for the items they had paid for. There was nothing else like health and beauty items on it. The items were all 5 —things bought just to stuff themselves. Then he asked an employee where the other items were that they had planned to take and was informed they were put back on the 6 .
Obviously，this family was in real need. While Lima firmly 7 following the law，he decided to cut them a break and not to 8 .
The two females， 9 ，were very grateful but kind of 10 because generally，in that same situation there would probably be a different 11 and they’d be arrested.
Lima took things a step further in an effort to 12 the family. He gave them a $200 gift card，telling them not to get things in illegal ways any more.
“I purchased the gift card close to the value of what would have been 13 ，”said Lima.“I did what I felt was 14 . I just tried to show a little 15 to the extent permitted by law.”
1. A. labeling B. damaging C. sorting D. bypassing
2. A. misunderstood B. held C. tolerated D. unemployed
3. A. confused B. disappointed C. struck D. attracted
4. A. denied B. checked C. filled D. questioned
5. A. luxuries B. drinks C. presents D. foods
6. A. shelves B. counters C. checkout D. lockers
7. A. stood B. resisted C. believed in D. put off
8. A. make trouble B. take responsibility C. play tricks D. press charges
9. A. consequently B. fortunately C. gradually D. incredibly
10. A. ashamed B. shocked C. anxious D. innocent
11. A. lesson B. outcome C. choice D. excuse
12. A. aid B. control C. remind D. reward
13. A. returned B. exchanged C. taken D. ordered
14. A. eye-catching B. risk-taking C. private D. right
15. A. politeness B. courage C. mercy D. admiration
课时把关练
Part I Reading and Thinking
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. extend 2. tale 3. negotiated 4. royal 5. withdraw 6. channel 7. league 8. bonds
Ⅱ. 1. in a league of their own 2. in hand 3. set sail 4. search for 5. withdraw from 6. for the benefit of
7. became known as 8. develop relations with
Ⅲ. 1. extension 句意：暂时延长两年将保证科学家有足够的时间。所填的词作主语，所以用名词形式。
2. negotiation 句意：回顾过去的十年，有许多你可以称之为谈判的东西。call sb./sth. sth. 称……为……，此处要用名词形式。
3. Royalty 句意：来自世界各国的王室和政府首脑们正聚集在会议室。根据句意可知，此处指“王室”，所以用royalty。
4. from 句意：这艘船从塞浦路斯启航，经过32个小时的航行抵达加沙。
5. Inspired 句意：阳光明媚的天气令人振奋，这只青蛙决定去树林里探险。the frog 和inspire 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
6. with 句意：这个国家尽最大努力和邻国发展友好关系。develop relations with 与……发展关系。
Ⅳ. 1. ① in order to maintain
② in order that they could maintain in order to 引导的目的状语与in order that 引导的目的状语从句常可互相转换。
2. ①the place that/which that/which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词the place。
② what we now call what 引导宾语从句。
3. Although wealthy 当时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是 it，且从句谓语含有be 动词时，可以把从句主语和 be 动词一起省略。
4. Attracted by the beauty of nature 过去分词短语作原因状语。
5. with so many people looking at her “with+ 宾语+ 宾补”构成with 复合结构。因为people 与look 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。
V. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代的航海之旅以及丝绸之路的形成。
1. curiosity 考查名词。所填的词和and前面的trade并列，所以也要用名词形式。
2. to complete 考查非谓语动词。have a strong desire to do sth.有做某事的强烈愿望。
3. known 考查形容词。become known as作为……而变得知名。
4. understanding 考查名词。result in better understanding of导致对……的更好的理解。
5. led 考查非谓语动词。led by...由……带领。
6. across 考查介词。此处表示“横穿”印度洋到红海入口处，所以填across。
7. whose 考查定语从句。所填的词在定语从句中作定语，所以用whose。
8. cooperation 考查名词。此处意为“鼓励合作与贸易”，空格处与trade并列，故填其名词形式。
9. the 考查冠词。此处的“关系”特指中国和世界其他国家的关系，所以用the。
10. countries 考查名词复数。country是可数名词，前面有other修饰，所以用复数形式。
VI. A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述海洋里的塑料垃圾被环保艺术家做成一个巨型雕塑，极其震撼，引发了人们对塑料污染的反思。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，他想引发公众对塑料垃圾的关注。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可推知，这一段提到塑料吸管是为了告诉大家塑料吸管的特殊性导致其回收非常困难。
3. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，这样的景象很有震撼性，令人不安。
4. D 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文主要讲述海洋里的塑料垃圾被环保艺术家做成一个巨型雕塑，极其震撼，引发了人们对塑料污染的反思。
B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。环境污染和其他人类活动正导致数千只海鸟死亡。生态学家利用卫星追踪海鸟行为。这项研究可以帮助评估人类活动的潜在影响，并帮助判断哪片海域应该被保护。
5. B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，这项研究的目的之一是判断哪片海域应该被保护。
6. A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知，专家们在卫星的帮助下追踪海鸟。
7. D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，大多数被追踪的海鸟会聚集在苏格兰海岸。
8. C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句及本段全部内容可知，Dr. Ewan对于这项研究持积极态度。
VII.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了圣诞节前五天，警官Lima处理了一起盗窃案。两名女性在自助结账时扫描了一些商品，但还有一些商品没有扫描，并将这些商品装袋，这两名女性和两个孩子被防损部门扣留。Lima查看了她们的购物收据之后发现她们买的都是食物，意识到她们确实需要帮助，于是决定不起诉她们，还送给她们一张200美元的礼品卡，并告诉她们不要再以非法的方式获得东西。
1. D 根据下文提到的这两名妇女被防损部门扣留可知，她们把其他商品避开（bypassing）扫描，打算不付钱拿走。label贴标签；damage破坏；sort分类。
2. B 根据下文的by Loss and Prevention over there可知，这里指两名女性和两名儿童被防损部门扣留（held）。
3. C 结合本句“Lima had two girls himself，similar in age to the two girls there，so it...”可知，so表示因果关系，Lima看到两个女孩和自己的女儿年龄相仿，这让他有点儿吃惊（struck）。
4. B 根据下文的receipt for the items they had paid for可知，此处指Lima查看了（checked）收据。
5. D 根据下文的things bought just to stuff themselves可知，她们买的都是食物（foods），为了填饱自己的肚子。
6. A 根据本句“Then he asked an employee where the other items were that they had planned to take and was informed they were put back on the...”可知，她们打算拿走的物品已经被放回了货架（shelves）。
7. C 根据下文的following the law可知，此处意为“虽然Lima坚信要遵守法律，但他决定给她们一个宽限……”。believed in符合语境。
8. D 结合上文可知，两名女性涉嫌盗窃，Lima本来可以起诉她们，但是他决定放过她们，故选D项。make trouble制造麻烦；take responsibility负责；play tricks耍手段；press charges起诉。
9. A Lima打算放过这两个偷东西的女性，因此（conse-quently）她们非常感激。fortunately幸运地；gradually逐渐；incredibly难以置信地。
10. B 根据下文的because generally，in that same situation there would probably be a different可知，一般来说偷东西会被逮捕，但是Lima却决定放过她们，因此她们既非常感激又有点儿震惊（shocked）。
11. B 结合下文的and they’d be arrested可知，如果Lima选择起诉她们，她们的结果（outcome）就是被逮捕。
12. A 结合上文的“Obviously，this family was in real need.”以及下文的“He gave them a $200 gift card，telling them not to get things in illegal ways any more.”可知，Lima送给她们礼品卡，来帮助（aid）这个需要帮助的家庭。
13. C 此处为同词复现，呼应上文的where the other items were that they had planned to take。
14. D Lima这么做是因为自己想要帮助这一家人，他做了自己认为正确的（right）事情。
15. C 根据下文的to the extent permitted by law可知，Lima的行为只是尽力在法律允许的范围内对这家人表现出一点儿仁慈。show mercy to“对……仁慈”。
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