2023-2024学年山东省烟台市莱州市九年级（上）期中英语试卷（五四学制）
阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（6分）There is nothing wrong with having an accent （口音）.In fact，most native English speakers won't care if you do.You should feel confident about your accent!But as you improve your language abilities，losing your accent might be something you've started to think about.And，if you're entering the workforce in an English speaking environment，it is important to get your pronunciation to a level that native speakers can understand without difficulty.So，here，we're looking at some tips to help you sound like a native speaker.
Speak slowly and clearlyPay close attention to getting your words out clearly and speaking slowly as you go.When your pronunciation gets better，you can speed up your speaking speed. Learn the schwa skillfullyThe schwa is a vowel which sounds like"uh".English speakers pronounce many other vowel sounds as the schwa.Learning when to exchange them can make your English sound more natural.
Use"He"and"She"correctlyMake sure that you call men"he"and women"she".If you mix them up，it can be confusing（混淆的）for your listeners and it is a giveaway that you are not a native speaker. Fall tone and rise tone fluentlyIn English，the meaning of what you say can change based on the way you say it.Make sure to work on your falling and rising tones so that your meaning is communicated clearly.
Learning how to sound like a native speaker can be a hard task.But it's something you'll have to do on your language learning journey.If you want to improve your pronunciation，the tips above will be of great value to you.
（1）What should you do to make your English sound more natural？ 　 　
A．Speak slowly and clearly.
B．Use"He"and"She"correctly.
C．Learn the schwa skillfully.
D．Fall and rise your tone fluently.
（2）What's the purpose of this passage？ 　 　
A．To suggest what a native English speaker should do.
B．To suggest what you should do to sound like a native speaker.
C．To explain why there is nothing wrong with having an accent.
D．To explain why your pronunciation is always of great importance.
（3）Where can you probably read this passage？ 　 　
A．In a novel.
B．In a storybook.
C．In an advertisement.
D．In a magazine.
（8分）Some designers （设计师） are trying to build a new type of house.The picture below shows some information about the house.
（4）According to the passage，the plants on the rooftop can 　 　.
A．keep the house cool
B．take in water
C．make the house beautiful
D．prevent water passing through
（5）The water sensors 　 　can warn people about floods.
A．in the garden
B．in the walls
C．under the floor
D．on the top of the roof
（6）During floods， 　 　can make the house rise like a boat.
A．the floors of the house
B．the plants on the rooftop
C．the buoyant materials under the house
D．the drainage system
（7）The designers build the special house to 　 　.
A．move it easily
B．fight against snowstorms
C．reuse the waste
D．keep safe during floods
（8分）In Pontevedra，Spain，people don't shout.Since cars are not allowed in the city，there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines.People don't have to try hard to make themselves heard.What you hear in the street，instead，is the singing of birds.
"Listen，"says Miguel Lores，the mayor（市长），opening the windows of his office.From the street below rises the sound of human voices， "More than 14，000 cars used to pass along this street every day.There were more cars passing through the city in a day than people living here.
Lores became mayor in 1999.He spent months walking around the city."The historical city is dead，" he said one day. "It is full of cars.It is heavily polluted.There are a lot of traffic accidents.The elderly and children aren't able to use the streets because of cars.People who had a chance to leave have done so."
At first，Lores thought of improving traffic conditions.However，he couldn't come up with a good plan.After lots of discussions，the government finally decided to get rid of cars.
The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits.Traffic accidents are now rare.CO2 emissions（排放物） are down by 70%.Many people are moving to the city，making it lively again.
Most local people like the change.Ramiro Armesto，a mother of two young children，said，"In the past，the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams.Now，the city is cleaner，quieter and safer." Raquel Garcia，another parent，said she had stayed in many cities around the world.However，she had never lived in a city as"easy to live in"as Pontevedra."Even if it's raining，I walk everywhere.The feeling is wonderful，"she added.
（8）From Paragraph 1，we know Pontevedra is a（n） 　 　city in Spain.
A．ancient
B．quiet
C．busy
D．crowded
（9）For Lores，what was the city Pontevedra's main problem？ 　 　
A．The historical city was dead.
B．There were lots of traffic accidents.
C．Many people were leaving the city.
D．There were too many cars in the city.
（10）The underlined word "benefits" probably means " 　 　"in English.
A．choices
B．advantages
C．problems
D．symbols
（11）What is the purpose of the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．To show how people like the change.
B．To let more cities follow the change.
C．To explain what people think of the city.
D．To tell why people like living in Pontevedra.
（8分）Scientists who study happiness have evidence （证据） to show that being kind to others can result in happiness.Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person's mood，for example.Everyday life is full of chances for such actions，yet people do not always make the most of them.
In studies，behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation：people who do kind acts underestimate （低估） how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior.
In the experiments （实验），about 1 ，000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good，We asked both the person performing （执行） the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions.The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel，We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be，so both the performer and receiver had to rate （评分） how "big" the act seemed.In all cases，we compared the performer's expectations of the receiver's mood with the receiver's actual （实际的） experience.
For one，both performers and receivers experienced more positive （积极的） moods.For another，the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected.The receivers also rated these acts as "bigger" than the people performing them did.
At first，we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people，such as friends，classmates or family.But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well.In one experiment，performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter's day to people that just happened to be nearby.Again，the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected.
These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for.Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person，why not choose kindness when we can？
（12）What did the receivers do in the experiments？ 　 　
A．They showed kindness to others.
B．They guessed the performers' feelings.
C．They rated how valuable the performers' act of kindness was.
D．They compared the performers' expectations with their actual results.
（13）What is paragraph 5 mainly about？ 　 　
A．Different purposes of the research.
B．More evidence for the research results.
C．Possible influences of the research findings.
D．Another explanation of the research methods.
（14）What is the writer's attitude（态度） towards showing kindness to others？ 　 　
A．Supportive.
B．Unclear.
C．Doubtful.
D．Uninterested.
（15）What is the main idea of this article？ 　 　
A．Being kind can reduce one's happiness as expected.
B．Kindness can have unexpectedly positive influences.
C．Choosing kindness is more difficult than expected.
D．Showing kindness is more valuable than receiving it.
16．（5分）China is the country that eats the most watermelons in the world.It's not because foreigners don't like watermelons but "they can't afford them" Do you know why？（1）　 　
It's reported that a kilo of US watermelon is about ＄6.91 in New York，which is about ￥46 in China.（2）　 　 But things are different in China.According to the FAO（联合国粮农组织），China now is the world's largest watermelon producer and customer.
（3）　 　 And the weather is just right for planting watermelons.With the large output（产量），the price is naturally much lower.
Secondly，countries like the USA and Australia have a wide land，but watermelons were not introduced there as early as in China.The local people prefer other fruits that were known earlier to watermelons.（4）　 　
Thirdly，according to some reports，watermelons from foreign countries may not taste good.
（5）　 　 Why is that？
Wu Mingzhu is an 80﹣year﹣old Chinese scientist who spends her whole life on the improvement of growing better watermelons.Thanks to her hard work，we can enjoy more delicious and much cheaper watermelons.
A.Firstly，China's land area is large.B.Watermelons are my favorite fruit.C.So，watermelons are not as popular as other fruits.D.That's because they're too expensive in most countries.E.However，in China，we seldom eat watermelons that taste bad.F.Watermelons are also famous for being expensive in Japan and South Korea.
语言知识应用 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（10分）On a hot and wet summer day，Nura and her dad found a place to cool off at the city museum.Suddenly the lights went out，leaving the room completely （17）　 　.
"Dad，what's going on？"Nura called out loudly.
"Don't worry.The lights might come back on soon."Dad said （18）　 　 to comfort（安慰）Nura.In a moment，a worker waved the flashlight at them and said，"Excuse me，sir.There is a power cut（停电） across the city.We have to （19）　 　 the museum.I will walk you to the gate."
Nura and her dad stopped at their favorite shop for ice cream.The shop owner refused when Nura's dad tried to （20）　 　."Forget about it，"he said，"It will all be soup soon，anyway!"
After Nura and her dad arrived home，they found the neighbors （21）　 　 their apartments.Everyone shared ice water，talking and laughing about the hot weather.
"I can't （22）　 　 the heat in my room."Mrs.Fong said，fanning herself with a newspaper.
A woman who lived downstairs was standing in the doorway."If the power doesn't come on soon，I'll have to （23）　 　 all the food，"she said.
"The meat in the（24）　 　will go bad without power，" said Nura's dad. "Let's take out the grill（烤架） to cook it."
"I'll see what I have，"the woman in the doorway said."I'll make sure to bring enough for everyone."
As they had their （25）　 　 ，night fell over the city.The air was thick and hot，but Nura didn't mind anymore.She had enjoyed （26）　 　 ice cream，and she had shared a meal with her neighbors.She smiled to herself and continued to watch the stars.
（17） A．cold B．crowded C．dark D．empty
（18） A．peacefully B．weakly C．fairly D．strangely
（19） A．open B．close C．tidy D．visit
（20） A．spend B．cost C．pay D．afford
（21） A．along B．inside C．above D．outside
（22） A．stand B．suggest C．raise D．create
（23） A．take off B．throw away C．look through D．cut up
（24） A．market B．bowl C．glass D．fridge
（25） A．breakfast B．drink C．lunch D．dinner
（26） A．smooth B．fresh C．free D．cheap
语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
27．（15分）Frederic Chopin（1810—1849）was a great composer and an excellent pianist.He composed twenty﹣four short （1）　 　（piece） for the piano called preludes（序曲）.The longest one，Prelude no.15，is better （2）　 　 （know） by its nickname，the"Raindrop"Prelude.How did it get its nickname？
One day in 1838，when Chopin's lover George Sand went out in a rainstorm，Chopin became worried.While he （3）　 　（wait） for Sand，he wrote Prelude no.15.
When Sand came back Chopin played （4）　 　 （she） the music.Sand thought the notes sounded like raindrops.She let Chopin （5）　 　 （listen） to the raindrops falling on the roof.This made Chopin （6）　 　 （happy）.He insisted that he never paid attention to those sounds or （7）　 　 （copy） them.
However，like Sand，many people hear raindrops in this prelude.Some notes repeating throughout the piece sound like raindrops.The flow of the music is like rain，too.The piece starts （8）　 　 （soft），（9）　 　 it gets louder，like rain getting heavier.Then the music gets quiet and finally （10）　 　 （end），like rain when it stops.
阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，完成短文后的问题。
28．（10分）World Water Day is celebrated on March 22 every year.It draws attention to the important role of water in our lives，the difficulties people face in getting water and solutions to these problems.It is reported by scientists that between 55 and 60 percent of the adult body is made of it.In normal conditions，the human body can only stay alive three or four days without water.We need water to stay alive，yet there are billions of people all over the world who do not have access（使用） to safe drinking water.
The problems facing communities without water
Except for the obvious health problems，a shortage of clean water means that some people in some areas—often women and children—have to spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies（供应）.This means they don't have time to focus their attention on their work，studies and other duties.So the search for water becomes their main jobs.For many people，the access to water has become increasingly difficult because of the increasing need for a limited resource.
What are the solutions？
In fact，many governments and organizations have already taken actions to offer good solutions.Waste﹣ water recycling，storing rainwater，more efficient irrigation techniques（灌溉技术） and reforestation are good examples of how water can be used more efficiently.There are also many other charities working on creating sustainable（可持续性） supplies of clean water for different communities around the world，but this important work needs to continue.
What we can do to help
The theme of World Water Day is valuing water.The value of water is about much more than its price.Without an understanding of water's true value，we will be unable to safeguard it.What we can do to help is to support charities，take part in the World Water Day events，be careful with how we use water in our own lives. 'We can also visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us and help spread around the world about the importance of saving water.
（1）When is the World Water Day？ 　 　
（2）How long can human stay alive without water？ 　 　
（3）Why has the access to water become increasingly difficult？ 　 　
（4）Who has taken actions to offer good solutions to save water？ 　 　
（5）What can we do in our daily life to save water？（ List at least two actions） 　 　
写作
29．（20分）旅游是我们看世界的重要方式，它可以让我们开阔视野，增长见识，丰富阅历，陶冶情操。如果你有机会出去旅游，你最想去的地方是哪里？为什么想去那个地方？你想在那个地方干些什么？请以"The place I want to visit"为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。
要求：
（1）文中不得出现考生姓名、学校及其他相关信息；
（2）照抄试卷内容不得分。
________
2023-2024学年山东省烟台市莱州市九年级（上）期中英语试卷（五四学制）
参考答案与试题解析
阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（6分）There is nothing wrong with having an accent （口音）.In fact，most native English speakers won't care if you do.You should feel confident about your accent!But as you improve your language abilities，losing your accent might be something you've started to think about.And，if you're entering the workforce in an English speaking environment，it is important to get your pronunciation to a level that native speakers can understand without difficulty.So，here，we're looking at some tips to help you sound like a native speaker.
Speak slowly and clearlyPay close attention to getting your words out clearly and speaking slowly as you go.When your pronunciation gets better，you can speed up your speaking speed. Learn the schwa skillfullyThe schwa is a vowel which sounds like"uh".English speakers pronounce many other vowel sounds as the schwa.Learning when to exchange them can make your English sound more natural.
Use"He"and"She"correctlyMake sure that you call men"he"and women"she".If you mix them up，it can be confusing（混淆的）for your listeners and it is a giveaway that you are not a native speaker. Fall tone and rise tone fluentlyIn English，the meaning of what you say can change based on the way you say it.Make sure to work on your falling and rising tones so that your meaning is communicated clearly.
Learning how to sound like a native speaker can be a hard task.But it's something you'll have to do on your language learning journey.If you want to improve your pronunciation，the tips above will be of great value to you.
（1）What should you do to make your English sound more natural？ 　C　
A．Speak slowly and clearly.
B．Use"He"and"She"correctly.
C．Learn the schwa skillfully.
D．Fall and rise your tone fluently.
（2）What's the purpose of this passage？ 　B　
A．To suggest what a native English speaker should do.
B．To suggest what you should do to sound like a native speaker.
C．To explain why there is nothing wrong with having an accent.
D．To explain why your pronunciation is always of great importance.
（3）Where can you probably read this passage？ 　D　
A．In a novel.
B．In a storybook.
C．In an advertisement.
D．In a magazine.
【分析】本文主要介绍了一些可以帮助你的发音听起来像一个母语人士的方法。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据"English speakers pronounce many other vowel sounds as the schwa.Learning when to exchange them can make your English sound more natural."（说英语的人把许多其他的元音发成弱读元音。学会什么时候交换它们可以让你的英语听起来更自然。）可知熟练地学习弱读音可以让你的英语听起来更自然。故选C。
（2）主旨大意题。根据第1段"So，here，we're looking at some tips to help you sound like a native speaker."（所以，在这里，我们来看看一些技巧来帮助你听起来像一个母语人士。）可知文章是为了帮助你应该怎么做才能听起来像母语人士。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些可以帮助你的发音听起来像一个母语人士的方法，所以文章可能在杂志上看到，故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
（8分）Some designers （设计师） are trying to build a new type of house.The picture below shows some information about the house.
（4）According to the passage，the plants on the rooftop can 　B　.
A．keep the house cool
B．take in water
C．make the house beautiful
D．prevent water passing through
（5）The water sensors 　A　can warn people about floods.
A．in the garden
B．in the walls
C．under the floor
D．on the top of the roof
（6）During floods， 　C　can make the house rise like a boat.
A．the floors of the house
B．the plants on the rooftop
C．the buoyant materials under the house
D．the drainage system
（7）The designers build the special house to 　D　.
A．move it easily
B．fight against snowstorms
C．reuse the waste
D．keep safe during floods
【分析】本文主要介绍了设计师们设计的一款能够在洪水期间保证安全的房子。
【解答】（4）细节理解题。根据图片内容There are plants on the top of the roof.They can "drink" lots of water.（屋顶上有一些植物。他们可以"喝"很多水。）可知屋顶上的植物可以吸收水分，故选B。
（5）细节理解题。根据图片内容Garden：The garden has water sensors.They can tell people when floods are coming.（花园：花园有水传感器。它们可以告诉人们洪水什么时候来。）可知花园里的水传感器可以警告人们有洪水，故选A。
（6）细节理解题。根据图片内容There are buoyant materials under the house.During floods，the house can rise like a boat.（房屋下面有浮力材料。在洪水期间，房子可以像船一样上升。）可知在洪水期间，房屋下面的浮力材料可以使房屋像船一样上升，故选C。
（7）推理判断题。根据图片内容There are buoyant materials under the house.During floods，the house can rise like a boat.（房屋下面有浮力材料。在洪水期间，房子可以像船一样上升。）可推知设计者建造这种特殊的房子是为了在洪水期间保持安全，故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
（8分）In Pontevedra，Spain，people don't shout.Since cars are not allowed in the city，there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines.People don't have to try hard to make themselves heard.What you hear in the street，instead，is the singing of birds.
"Listen，"says Miguel Lores，the mayor（市长），opening the windows of his office.From the street below rises the sound of human voices， "More than 14，000 cars used to pass along this street every day.There were more cars passing through the city in a day than people living here.
Lores became mayor in 1999.He spent months walking around the city."The historical city is dead，" he said one day. "It is full of cars.It is heavily polluted.There are a lot of traffic accidents.The elderly and children aren't able to use the streets because of cars.People who had a chance to leave have done so."
At first，Lores thought of improving traffic conditions.However，he couldn't come up with a good plan.After lots of discussions，the government finally decided to get rid of cars.
The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits.Traffic accidents are now rare.CO2 emissions（排放物） are down by 70%.Many people are moving to the city，making it lively again.
Most local people like the change.Ramiro Armesto，a mother of two young children，said，"In the past，the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams.Now，the city is cleaner，quieter and safer." Raquel Garcia，another parent，said she had stayed in many cities around the world.However，she had never lived in a city as"easy to live in"as Pontevedra."Even if it's raining，I walk everywhere.The feeling is wonderful，"she added.
（8）From Paragraph 1，we know Pontevedra is a（n） 　B　city in Spain.
A．ancient
B．quiet
C．busy
D．crowded
（9）For Lores，what was the city Pontevedra's main problem？ 　D　
A．The historical city was dead.
B．There were lots of traffic accidents.
C．Many people were leaving the city.
D．There were too many cars in the city.
（10）The underlined word "benefits" probably means " 　B　"in English.
A．choices
B．advantages
C．problems
D．symbols
（11）What is the purpose of the last paragraph？ 　A　
A．To show how people like the change.
B．To let more cities follow the change.
C．To explain what people think of the city.
D．To tell why people like living in Pontevedra.
【分析】这篇短文主要写了西班牙庞特韦德拉市的交通状况和城市改变。
【解答】（8）推理判断题。根据第一段In Pontevedra，Spain，people don't shout.Since cars are not allowed in the city，there are no horns（喇叭） or noises from car engines.（在西班牙的庞特韦德拉市，人们不大喊大叫。由于不允许汽车进入城市，所以没有喇叭声或汽车引擎的噪音。）可推知庞特韦德拉是西班牙一个安静的城市，故选B。
（9）推理判断题。根据第三段It is full of cars.It is heavily polluted.There are a lot of traffic accidents.The elderly and children aren't able to use the streets because of cars.（到处都是汽车。它被严重污染。有很多交通事故。由于汽车的缘故，老人和孩子不能使用街道。）可推知庞特韦德拉市主要问题是城市里的汽车太多了，故选D。
（10）词义猜测题。根据第五段The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits. Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）.CO2 emissions（排放物） are down by 70% .Many people are moving to the city，making it lively again.（这种变化给庞特韦德拉市带来了许多......。交通事故现在很少见了。二氧化碳排放量下降了70%。许多人搬到城市，使它再次充满活力。）可推知此处是指带来了很多好处，与"advantages"同义，故选B。
（11）段落大意题。根据最后一段Most local people like the change.Ramiro Armesto，a mother of two young children，said， "In the past，the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams.Now，the city is cleaner，quieter and safer."（大多数当地人都喜欢这种变化。Ramiro Armesto是两个孩子的母亲，她说："过去，早上首先看到的是交通堵塞。现在，这个城市更干净、更安静、更安全了。"）可知最后一段主要为了显示人们对这种变化的喜爱，故选A。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
（8分）Scientists who study happiness have evidence （证据） to show that being kind to others can result in happiness.Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person's mood，for example.Everyday life is full of chances for such actions，yet people do not always make the most of them.
In studies，behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation：people who do kind acts underestimate （低估） how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior.
In the experiments （实验），about 1 ，000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good，We asked both the person performing （执行） the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions.The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel，We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be，so both the performer and receiver had to rate （评分） how "big" the act seemed.In all cases，we compared the performer's expectations of the receiver's mood with the receiver's actual （实际的） experience.
For one，both performers and receivers experienced more positive （积极的） moods.For another，the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected.The receivers also rated these acts as "bigger" than the people performing them did.
At first，we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people，such as friends，classmates or family.But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well.In one experiment，performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter's day to people that just happened to be nearby.Again，the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected.
These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for.Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person，why not choose kindness when we can？
（12）What did the receivers do in the experiments？ 　C　
A．They showed kindness to others.
B．They guessed the performers' feelings.
C．They rated how valuable the performers' act of kindness was.
D．They compared the performers' expectations with their actual results.
（13）What is paragraph 5 mainly about？ 　C　
A．Different purposes of the research.
B．More evidence for the research results.
C．Possible influences of the research findings.
D．Another explanation of the research methods.
（14）What is the writer's attitude（态度） towards showing kindness to others？ 　A　
A．Supportive.
B．Unclear.
C．Doubtful.
D．Uninterested.
（15）What is the main idea of this article？ 　B　
A．Being kind can reduce one's happiness as expected.
B．Kindness can have unexpectedly positive influences.
C．Choosing kindness is more difficult than expected.
D．Showing kindness is more valuable than receiving it.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了科学家研究幸福感的证据表明，对他人友善可以带来幸福。
【解答】（12）细节理解题。根据第三段We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be，so both the performer and receiver had to rate （评分） how "big" the act seemed.（我们想了解人们认为这些行为有怎样的价值，所以表演者和接受者都必须给这个行为看起来有多"大"打分。）可知接收者在实验中评价表演者的善举的价值，故选C。
（13）段落大意题。根据第五段At first，we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people，such as friends，classmates or family.But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well.（首先，我们研究了对熟悉的人，如朋友、同学或家人所做的善事。但我们发现，表演者也低估了他们对陌生人的积极影响。）可推知第五段主要介绍了研究结果可能产生的影响，故选C。
（14）推理判断题。根据最后一段Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person，why not choose kindness when we can？（考虑到这些温暖的行为可以改善我们自己的心情，照亮别人的一天，为什么不选择善意呢？）可推知作者对善待他人的态度是支持的，故选A。
（15）主旨大意题。根据第二段In studies，behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation：people who do kind acts underestimate （低估） how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior.（在研究中，行为科学家Nicholas Epley和我研究了一种可能的解释：做好事的人低估了接受善意的人对自己行为的重视程度。）结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了善良可以产生意想不到的积极影响，故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．（5分）China is the country that eats the most watermelons in the world.It's not because foreigners don't like watermelons but "they can't afford them" Do you know why？（1）　D　
It's reported that a kilo of US watermelon is about ＄6.91 in New York，which is about ￥46 in China.（2）　F　 But things are different in China.According to the FAO（联合国粮农组织），China now is the world's largest watermelon producer and customer.
（3）　A　 And the weather is just right for planting watermelons.With the large output（产量），the price is naturally much lower.
Secondly，countries like the USA and Australia have a wide land，but watermelons were not introduced there as early as in China.The local people prefer other fruits that were known earlier to watermelons.（4）　C　
Thirdly，according to some reports，watermelons from foreign countries may not taste good.
（5）　E　 Why is that？
Wu Mingzhu is an 80﹣year﹣old Chinese scientist who spends her whole life on the improvement of growing better watermelons.Thanks to her hard work，we can enjoy more delicious and much cheaper watermelons.
A.Firstly，China's land area is large.B.Watermelons are my favorite fruit.C.So，watermelons are not as popular as other fruits.D.That's because they're too expensive in most countries.E.However，in China，we seldom eat watermelons that taste bad.F.Watermelons are also famous for being expensive in Japan and South Korea.
【分析】短文主要写了中国是世界上吃西瓜最多的国家，原因是中国是世界上最大的西瓜生产国和消费国，而且价格相对较低。此外，中国的土地面积较大，适宜种植西瓜。而一些国家由于种植西瓜较晚，当地人更喜欢其他水果。此外，一些外国的西瓜口感可能不好。而中国的科学家吴明珠通过努力改良种植技术，使得我们能够享受到更美味、更便宜的西瓜。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文It's not because foreigners don't like watermelons but "they can't afford them" Do you know why？（不是因为外国人不喜欢西瓜而是"他们买不起"？你知道为什么吗？）可知询问外国人为什么买不起西瓜，结合选项，应说那是因为在大多数国家它们太贵了。故选D。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文It's reported that a kilo of US watermelon is about ＄6.91 in New York，which is about ￥46 in China.（据报道，一公斤美国西瓜在纽约售价约为6.91美元，在中国售价约为46元。）可知说的是美国的西瓜价格昂贵，结合选项，应说西瓜在日本和韩国也因价格昂贵而出名。故选F。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文And the weather is just right for planting watermelons.With the large output（产量），the price is naturally much lower.（而且天气正好适合种西瓜。产量大了，价格自然要低得多。）可知说的是天气正好适合种西瓜以及产量大，结合选项，应说首先，中国的土地面积很大。故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文The local people prefer other fruits that were known earlier to watermelons.（当地人更喜欢其他更早知道的水果，而不是西瓜。）可知说的是当地人更喜欢其他更早知道的水果，结合选项，应说因此，西瓜不如其他水果受欢迎。故选C。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文Thirdly，according to some reports，watermelons from foreign countries may not taste good.（第三，根据一些报道，来自外国的西瓜可能味道不好。）可知说的是来自外国的西瓜可能味道不好，结合选项，应说然而，在中国，我们很少吃味道不好的西瓜。故选E。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
语言知识应用 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（10分）On a hot and wet summer day，Nura and her dad found a place to cool off at the city museum.Suddenly the lights went out，leaving the room completely （17）　C　.
"Dad，what's going on？"Nura called out loudly.
"Don't worry.The lights might come back on soon."Dad said （18）　A　 to comfort（安慰）Nura.In a moment，a worker waved the flashlight at them and said，"Excuse me，sir.There is a power cut（停电） across the city.We have to （19）　B　 the museum.I will walk you to the gate."
Nura and her dad stopped at their favorite shop for ice cream.The shop owner refused when Nura's dad tried to （20）　C　."Forget about it，"he said，"It will all be soup soon，anyway!"
After Nura and her dad arrived home，they found the neighbors （21）　D　 their apartments.Everyone shared ice water，talking and laughing about the hot weather.
"I can't （22）　A　 the heat in my room."Mrs.Fong said，fanning herself with a newspaper.
A woman who lived downstairs was standing in the doorway."If the power doesn't come on soon，I'll have to （23）　B　 all the food，"she said.
"The meat in the（24）　D　will go bad without power，" said Nura's dad. "Let's take out the grill（烤架） to cook it."
"I'll see what I have，"the woman in the doorway said."I'll make sure to bring enough for everyone."
As they had their （25）　D　 ，night fell over the city.The air was thick and hot，but Nura didn't mind anymore.She had enjoyed （26）　C　 ice cream，and she had shared a meal with her neighbors.She smiled to herself and continued to watch the stars.
（17） A．cold B．crowded C．dark D．empty
（18） A．peacefully B．weakly C．fairly D．strangely
（19） A．open B．close C．tidy D．visit
（20） A．spend B．cost C．pay D．afford
（21） A．along B．inside C．above D．outside
（22） A．stand B．suggest C．raise D．create
（23） A．take off B．throw away C．look through D．cut up
（24） A．market B．bowl C．glass D．fridge
（25） A．breakfast B．drink C．lunch D．dinner
（26） A．smooth B．fresh C．free D．cheap
【分析】这段短文主要讲述了Nura和她爸爸在城市博物馆遇到停电后的一系列经历。他们在博物馆里遇到停电，工作人员带他们到门口。之后他们去了他们最喜欢的冰淇淋店，但店主拒绝了他们。回到家后，他们发现邻居们都在公寓外，大家一起分享冰水，谈笑着度过炎热的天气。最后，他们用烤架烤食物，与邻居们一起分享了一顿晚餐。夜幕降临，Nura享受了冰淇淋，与邻居们共进晚餐，她对此感到满意，继续仰望星空微笑。
【解答】（17）考查形容词。句意：突然灯灭了，房间完全黑了。A寒冷的；B拥挤的；C黑暗的；D空的。根据Suddenly the lights went out（突然灯灭了）可知此处表示博物馆里是黑暗的。故选C。
（18）考查副词。句意：爸爸平静地说，安慰Nura。A平静地；B虚弱地；C公平地；D奇怪地。根据to comfort（安慰）Nura（安慰Nura）可知爸爸很平静。故选A。
（19）考查动词。句意：我们不得不关闭博物馆。A打开；B关闭；C整理；D参观。根据句意可知停电后要关闭博物馆。故选B。
（20）考查动词。句意：当Nura的爸爸要付钱时老板拒绝了。A花费时间或金钱，主语是人；B花费金钱，主语是事物；C付钱，主语是人；D负担。根据句意和语法可知此处表示付钱，主语是人。spend后面少了介词。故选C。
（21）考查介词。句意：回到家后，他们发现邻居们都在公寓外。A沿着；B在里面；C在上面；D在外面。根据I can't stand the heat in my room.（我忍受不了房间里的热。）可知此处表示停电后大家都在外面。故选D。
（22）考查动词。句意：我忍受不了房间里的热。A忍受；B建议；C提高；D创造。根据fanning herself with a newspaper（用报纸扇风）可知此处表示忍受不了。故选A。
（23）考查动词词组。句意：如果没有那么快来电，我不得不扔掉食物。A脱下；B扔掉；C浏览；D切碎。根据will go bad without power（没电食物会变质）可知此处表示扔掉食物。故选B。
（24）考查名词。句意：没电冰箱里的食物会变质。A市场；B碗；C玻璃杯；D冰箱。根据句意可知此处表示冰箱。故选D。
（25）考查名词。句意：当他们吃晚餐时夜幕降临。A早餐；B饮料；C午餐；D晚餐。根据night fell over the city（夜幕降临）可知此处表示吃晚餐。故选D。
（26）考查形容词。句意：Nura享受了冰淇淋，与邻居们共进晚餐。A滑的；B新鲜的；C免费的；D便宜的。根据she had shared a meal with her neighbors（与邻居们共进晚餐）可知大家一起做的晚餐，冰淇淋是不用花钱买的。故选C。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
27．（15分）Frederic Chopin（1810—1849）was a great composer and an excellent pianist.He composed twenty﹣four short （1）　pieces　（piece） for the piano called preludes（序曲）.The longest one，Prelude no.15，is better （2）　known　 （know） by its nickname，the"Raindrop"Prelude.How did it get its nickname？
One day in 1838，when Chopin's lover George Sand went out in a rainstorm，Chopin became worried.While he （3）　was waiting　（wait） for Sand，he wrote Prelude no.15.
When Sand came back Chopin played （4）　her　 （she） the music.Sand thought the notes sounded like raindrops.She let Chopin （5）　listen　 （listen） to the raindrops falling on the roof.This made Chopin （6）　unhappy　 （happy）.He insisted that he never paid attention to those sounds or （7）　copied　 （copy） them.
However，like Sand，many people hear raindrops in this prelude.Some notes repeating throughout the piece sound like raindrops.The flow of the music is like rain，too.The piece starts （8）　softly　 （soft），（9）　but　 it gets louder，like rain getting heavier.Then the music gets quiet and finally （10）　ends　 （end），like rain when it stops.
【分析】短文主要讲了作曲家肖邦创作的一首钢琴曲《前奏曲第15号》，这首曲子因其像雨滴一样的音符而被昵称为"雨滴前奏曲"。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：他为钢琴创作了二十四首名为前奏曲的短曲。piece"首"，可数名词，twenty﹣four后面加可数名词复数。故填 ：pieces。
（2）考查动词。句意：最长的一首《第15号前奏曲》因其昵称"雨滴前奏曲"而更为人所知。固定短语be known by"被…….所熟知"，固定短语。故填：known。
（3）考查动词。句意：当他在等待桑德的时候，他写了第15号前奏曲。主句he wrote Prelude no.15.是一般过去时，while引导的时间状语从句应用过去进行时，he做主语，要用was+动词ing。故填：was waiting。
（4）考查代词。句意：当桑德回来时，肖邦为她演奏了音乐。play动词，后面加代词宾格，she的宾格是her"她"。故填：her。
（5）考查动词。句意：她让肖邦听雨点落在屋顶上的声音。固定句式let sb do sth"让某人做某事"，固定用法。故填：listen。
（6）考查形容词。句意：这让肖邦很不高兴。他坚持说他从来没有注意过那些声音，也没有抄袭过它们。根据后句He insisted that he never paid attention to those sounds or （7）（copy） them.
（他坚持说他从来没有注意过那些声音，也没有抄袭过它们。）语境可知肖邦很不高兴，unhappy"不高兴的"，make sb+形容词，使某人……。故填：unhappy。
（7）考查动词。句意：这让肖邦很不高兴。他坚持说他从来没有注意过那些声音，也没有抄袭过它们。根据上下文语境可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故填：copied。
（8）考查副词。句意：这首曲子开始时很轻柔，但声音越来越大，就像雨越下越大。根据句子结构可知，空处的词是修饰动词，故应用副词softly"轻柔地"。故填：softly。
（9）考查连词。句意：这首曲子开始时很轻柔，但声音越来越大，就像雨越下越大。前句The piece starts （8）（soft），（这首曲子开始时很轻柔，）和后句it gets louder，like rain getting heavier.（声音越来越大，就像雨越下越大。）可知，空处表示转折，故应用but"但是"。故填：but。
（10）考查动词。句意：然后音乐变得很安静，最后结束，就像雨停了一样。根据空后句like rain when it stops时态可知，空处所在的句子也应用一般现在时，主语music是第三人称单数，故动词要用第三人称单数。故填：ends。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，完成短文后的问题。
28．（10分）World Water Day is celebrated on March 22 every year.It draws attention to the important role of water in our lives，the difficulties people face in getting water and solutions to these problems.It is reported by scientists that between 55 and 60 percent of the adult body is made of it.In normal conditions，the human body can only stay alive three or four days without water.We need water to stay alive，yet there are billions of people all over the world who do not have access（使用） to safe drinking water.
The problems facing communities without water
Except for the obvious health problems，a shortage of clean water means that some people in some areas—often women and children—have to spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies（供应）.This means they don't have time to focus their attention on their work，studies and other duties.So the search for water becomes their main jobs.For many people，the access to water has become increasingly difficult because of the increasing need for a limited resource.
What are the solutions？
In fact，many governments and organizations have already taken actions to offer good solutions.Waste﹣ water recycling，storing rainwater，more efficient irrigation techniques（灌溉技术） and reforestation are good examples of how water can be used more efficiently.There are also many other charities working on creating sustainable（可持续性） supplies of clean water for different communities around the world，but this important work needs to continue.
What we can do to help
The theme of World Water Day is valuing water.The value of water is about much more than its price.Without an understanding of water's true value，we will be unable to safeguard it.What we can do to help is to support charities，take part in the World Water Day events，be careful with how we use water in our own lives. 'We can also visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us and help spread around the world about the importance of saving water.
（1）When is the World Water Day？ 　On March 22.　
（2）How long can human stay alive without water？ 　Three or four days.　
（3）Why has the access to water become increasingly difficult？ 　Because of the increasing need for a limited resource.　
（4）Who has taken actions to offer good solutions to save water？ 　Many governments and organizations.　
（5）What can we do in our daily life to save water？（ List at least two actions） 　We can support charities，take part in the World Water Day events and be careful with how we use water.　
【分析】文章主要介绍了每年都会庆祝世界水日，每年都有不同的主题，关注清洁水在世界工作中的作用、制止浪费水的方法、寻求向贫困群体供水的方法等等。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"World Water Day is celebrated on March 22 every year."（每年的3月22日是世界水日。）可知，每年3月22日是世界水日，故答案为On March 22.
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段"In normal conditions，the human body can only stay alive three or four days without water."（正常情况下，没有水，人体只能存活三四天。）可知，正常情况下，没有水，人体只能存活三四天，故答案为Three or four days.
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段"For many people，the access to water has become increasingly difficult because of the increasing need for a limited resource."（对许多人来说，由于对有限资源的需求日益增加，获得水变得越来越困难。）可知，由于对有限资源的需求越来越大，获得水变得越来越困难，故答案为Because of the increasing need for a limited resource.
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段"In fact，many governments and organizations have already taken actions to offer good solutions."（事实上，许多政府和组织已经采取行动，提供良好的解决方案。）可知，许多政府和组织已经采取行动提供良好的解决方案。故答案为Many governments and organizations.
（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段"What we can do to help is to support charities，take part in the World Water Day events，be careful with how we use water in our own lives. 'We can also visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us and help spread around the world about the importance of saving water."（我们能做的就是支持慈善机构，参加世界水日活动，生活中使用水时要小心。我们还可以访问联合国世界水日网站，了解我们附近的一个活动，帮助向全世界宣传节约用水的重要性。）可知我们可以支持慈善机构，参加世界水日活动，并注意我们如何使用水。故答案为：We can support charities，take part in the World Water Day events and be careful with how we use water.
【点评】阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。
写作
29．（20分）旅游是我们看世界的重要方式，它可以让我们开阔视野，增长见识，丰富阅历，陶冶情操。如果你有机会出去旅游，你最想去的地方是哪里？为什么想去那个地方？你想在那个地方干些什么？请以"The place I want to visit"为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。
要求：
（1）文中不得出现考生姓名、学校及其他相关信息；
（2）照抄试卷内容不得分。
________
【分析】【高分句型一】
There are also some new stadiums，including the Bird Nest and the Water Cube，which were built for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.还有一些新的体育场馆，包括鸟巢和水立方，这是为2008年北京奥运会建造的。which引导的定语从句。
【高分句型二】
At the same time，I hope Beijing will be more and more beautiful.同时，我希望北京会越来越漂亮。I hope+宾语从句。
【解答】
The place I want to visit
Beijing，the second largest city in our country，is the place I want to visit. （最想去的地方是哪里和为什么）
There are several reasons why I would like to visit Beijing.First，Beijing is the capital of China，and has a history of more than 3，000 years.It has been the capital for many dynasties.Second，there are many historical buildings，such as the Great Wall and the Summer Palace.There are also some new stadiums，including the Bird Nest and the Water Cube，which were built for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. 【高分句型一】（在那个地方干些什么）
I am really looking forward to going there and visiting all the wonderful places.At the same time，I hope Beijing will be more and more beautiful.【高分句型二】
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。

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