预习新知:(11)Unit 1 Past and present—2023-2024八年级英语牛津译林版寒假巧练习(含解析)

预习新知:(11)Unit 1 Past and present—2023-2024学年八年级英语牛津译林版寒假天天练
一、知识预习
1.现在完成时的基本构成:have/has + done(过去分词)
2.现在完成时的主要作用:
1). 表示过去发生的一个动作或者已经完成的动作对象在造成的影响。
例:I have finished my task.我已经完成了我的工作。
动作finish发生在过去,对现在造成的结果是,工作已经完成。
I have started the machine.我已经启动了机器。
动作start发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是,机器已经启动了。
2).表示已经发生的动作,一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续持续下去。
例:I have stayed in the city for twenty years.我在这个城市已经待了20年了。
I have worked abroad for two months.我已经在国外工作两个月了。
3.现在完成时的第三人称:当主语是第三人称单数或者不可数名词时,have使用has, 及has done.
例:She has bought a book from the library.她已经从图书馆借了一本书。
The cat has die.这个猫已经死了。
4.现在完成时的被动语态:have been done,或者has been done
例:The room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫了。
Those trees have been watered.那些树已经浇水了。
5.现在完成时的否定形式:have/has not done, have/has not been done
例:They have not arrived at Beijing.他们还没到达北京呢。
现在完成时的一般疑问句:have/has + 主语+ 谓语(过去分词) +其他?
例:Has your brother passed the exam 你哥哥已经通过考试了吗?
6.现在完成时的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ have/has + 主语+ 谓语(过去分词) +其他?
例:What have you done  你已经做了什么事情?
二、练习自测
1.—Would you like some candies
—No, thanks. I ________ eat them. They are bad for my teeth.
A. usually B. just C. hardly D. almost
2.—Would you like to go bike riding with me tomorrow
—Sorry, I'm not _________. I have to meet one of my friends at the train station.
A. impossible B. full C. available D. traditional
3.The article is not well written. ________, there are many spelling mistakes in it.
A. Moreover B. However C. So D. Otherwise
4.—What will China be like in the future
—China will be stronger and stronger ________ 20 years.
A. after B. before C. in D. for
5.Mum always tells me ______ any food when I have dinner at home.
A. don’t waste B. not to waste C. not waste D. not wasting
6.________ the children were tired, they still kept walking up to the top of the mountain.
A. Although B. Because C. So D. However
7.We were talking with the exchange students ________ the door opened quietly.
A. after B. while C. before D. when
8.—Project Hope celebrated its 30th birthday in 2019.
—Yeah. It _____ children from poor families the chance to go to school since 1989.
A. offered B.has offered C.is offered D.is offering
9.—How about the third season of documentary Aerial China(《航拍中国》)
—Great. I _____ it twice.
A. watched B. watch C.will watch D.have watched
10.My grandfather enjoys working in the garden by himself and never feels ________.
A. lonely B. friendly C. quietly D. unfortunately
答案以及解析
1.答案:C
解析:句意:——你想要些糖果吗?——不用了, 谢谢。我几乎不吃它们。它们对我的牙齿不好。考查副词辨析。usually通常;just只是;hardly几乎不;almost几乎。根据“They are bad for my teeth.”可知糖果对牙齿不好,几乎不吃。故选C。
2.答案:C
解析:——明天你想和我一起去骑自行车吗?——抱歉,我没空。我要去火车站接我一个朋友。考查形容词词义辨析。impossible不可能的;full满的;available可获得的,空的;traditional传统的。根据后文“I have to meet one of my friends at the train station.”可知是没有空去骑自行车。故选C。
3.答案:A
解析:句意:这篇文章写得不好。此外,它有许多拼写错误。考查副词辨析。moreover此外,而且;however然而;so那么;otherwise否则。根据“there are many spelling mistakes in it”可知是进一步说明这篇文章的其他问题,用moreover符合语境。故选A。
4.答案:C
解析:句意:——未来的中国会是什么样子?——中国将在20年内变得越来越强大。考查介词辨析。after在……之后;before在……之前;in在……以后;for后接一段时间。in+一段时间,与一般将来时连用,故选C。
5.答案:B
解析:句意:当我在家吃饭的时候,妈妈总是告诉我不要浪费食物。考查非谓语动词。表达“告诉某人不要做某事”用“tell sb. not to do sth”,空处用动词不定式的否定式。故选B。
6.答案:A
解析:句意:尽管孩子们累了,他们仍然继续向山顶走去。考查连词辨析。Although尽管;Because因为;So因此;However不管怎样。“the children were tired”表示让步,此处表示尽管累了还是继续向山顶走去,用Although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
7.答案:D
解析:句意:我们正与交换生交谈时,门悄悄地开了。考查连词辨析。after在……之后;while当……时候;before在……之前;when当……时候。根据“We were talking with the exchange students...the door opened quietly.”可知此处表示某个动作正在进行的时候,另一个动作发生了,用when引导时间状语从句。故选D。
8.答案:B
解析:句意: —希望工程在2019年庆祝了它的30岁生日。—是的。自从1989年起, 它给贫困家庭的孩子们提供去上学的机会。根据"since 1989"可知应用现在完成时。故选B。
9.答案:D
解析:句意为:—你觉得纪录片《航拍中国》第三季如何?—很好。我已经观看它两次了。此处表示过去的动作对现在有影响,且根据句中的twice可知要用现在完成时,故选D项。
10.答案:A
解析:句意:我祖父喜欢独自在花园里干活,从不感到孤独。考查形容词。lonely孤独的;friendly友好的;quietly安静地;unfortunately不幸地;空处放在“feels”后作表语,应用形容词形式,排除C/D选项;结合“My grandfather enjoys working in the garden by himself”可知,此处说的是他不感到孤独,故选A。

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