语法专项练习七：动词的时态和语态
一、
1.A great deal of talking and listening that __________(occur) under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless.
2.It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __________(do) for me.
3.In salute(致敬) to the French and their revolution, many countries have chosen to use the same colors on their flags as the French __________(do).
4.Either the Greek or the Australian __________(win) the boxing competition since last year.
5.Ladies and gentlemen, we _________(arrive) at Changzhou Station, please get ready to get off the train.
6.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we _________(expect).
7.My camera ________(damage) to such an extent yesterday that it could not be repaired.
8.How many cars __________(involve) in the crash yesterday
9.It is reported that a space station _____ (build) on the moon in years to come.
10.—I hear that you've been shown the new plan.
—Oh, yes, but how to carry it out ________(clarify) at the meeting.
11.—This is the third time he ________(praise) for his voluntary work for the Red Cross.
—No wonder he is so excited!
12.It isn't exactly clear how music influences the development and growth of plants, but more and more _____(discover) and we are closer to solid scientific proof in this area.
二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.
Alice lived in New York . She was a stubborn girl, ①_______ always wanted to be a singer. Music was the most important thing in her life. She took lessons for years and ②_______ (practice) hard, but in spite of all the efforts she made, her voice didn't improve. In fact, it didn't get ③_______ (good), it just got louder.
Her teacher ④_______ (final) gave up and stopped the lessons. However, Alice refused to give in, and she insisted on practicing every day. One day she decided ⑤_______ (give) a concert and invited her teacher to attend. The teacher didn't know what to say after the concert. He knew the concert was ⑥_______ (bore) but he didn't want to tell a lie and hurt Alice's feelings. Then the teacher got ⑦_______ idea and went to backstage(后台) to greet his pupil.
"Well," said Alice, "What do you think of ⑧_______ (I) singing "
"My dear," said the teacher, " compared ⑨_______ your past performance, you'll never be better ⑩_______ you were tonight. "
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese silk is one of China's contributions to the world, and its history stretches back to 3, 630 BC. Mainly produced in the south of the Yangtze River Delta, about 150,000,000 tons of silk is produced ①________(annual) in China. It accounts ②________ 78% of the world's silk production. Silk
garments were worn by emperors and royalty before, ③________ were the symbol of status at that time. The methods of silk production ④________ ( consider) such a closely guarded secret that people could be threatened with death whoever revealed it.
Made from the protein fibers of the silkworm cocoon, silk is one of the most delicately woven ⑤________ (product) in the world. Silk moths lay around 500 eggs during their lifespan of four to six days. Fed a diet of leaves in a controlled environment, the silkworms grow ⑥________ (fast) in weight than before after the eggs hatch. After storing up enough energy, they surround ⑦________ (they) with fibers of a white jelly-like substance.
A Qipao is ⑧________ unique silk souvenir you might wish to buy. It became popular in Shanghai before World War II. Easy to slip on and comfortable ⑨________ (wear) , Qipao fits well the female Chinese figure and it is a Chinese one-piece dress ⑩________ (feature) a high neck, close fit, and straight skirt with a high slit on one or both sides.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kenya on Tuesday launched a virtual safari(游猎) live stream campaign to present the ①_______(country) wildlife to global audiences.
Najib Balala, cabinet secretary of Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife, said in a statement that the six-week tour across the country is aimed at ensuring that the world and travelers remain ②_______ (connect) to destination Kenya even during the current COVID-19 lockdown period ③_______ there is restricted movement.
“Our international tourism business is ④_______ (complete) cut off and we still have to share destination ⑤_______ (memory) with travelers and that is why we are showing a virtual tour safari to connect visitors with the destination," Balala said.
He ⑥_______ (add) that the COVID-19 pandemic has taught players in different sectors to be more creative to keep their businesses afloat during these difficult moments.
He noted that ⑦_______ online tour in some of the parks and reserves across the country is aimed ⑧_______ (ensure) that Kenya remains top of mind among visitors and investors alike.
“This campaign which begins here at the Nairobi National Park ⑨_______ (allow) us to document our diverse wildlife in the national parks and game reserves, thrilling adventures, beautiful lodges and unique cultures and conservation projects that Kenya has become world-famous ⑩_______” Balala said.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：occurs
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:在偶然的情况下发生的大量的交谈和倾听似乎是漫无目的的。本句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语"A great deal of talking and listening"表示单数意义,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填occurs。
2.答案：had done
解析：考查动词的时态。句意为:我花了很长的时间才完全领会他们为我所做的事。根据句意可知,do这一动作发生在"was able to"之前,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had done。
3.答案：did
解析：考查动词的时态。句意为:为了向法国和他们的革命致敬,许多国家选择在他们的国旗上使用与法国国旗相同的颜色。根据句意可知,法国在国旗上使用颜色这个动作是过去发生的,此处应用助动词did代替used the colors。故填did。
4.答案：has won
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:自去年以来,赢得拳击比赛的要么是希腊人要么是澳大利亚人。根据时间状语"since last　year"可知，此处应用现在完成时；either ... or...意为“要么……要么……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则；根据"the Australian＂可知，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填has won。
5.答案：are arriving
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:女士们、先生们,我们即将到达常州站,请做好下车的准备。根据句意和arrive可知,此处应用现在进行时表示即将发生的事;又因主语是"we",谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are arriving。
6.答案：had expected
解析：考查动词的时态。句意为:手写所有的邀请函比我们预想得更费时。根据句意可知, "expect"这个动作发生在"was"之前,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had expected。
7.答案：was damaged
8.答案：were involved
解析：本题主要考查被动语态。cars 和谓语动词 involve 之间是被动关系，根据句中的 yesterday 可知，句子为一般过去时态，因此 involve 需用一般过去时的被动语态 were involved。故正确答案为 were involved。
9.答案：will be built
10.答案：wasn't clarified
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:我听说有人向你展示了新计划。哦,是的,但是如何实施(这个新计划)在会上并未阐明。根据句意可知,"clarify"这个动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时;主语"how to carry it out"与动词clarify之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;且主语是"how to carry it out"这件事,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填wasn't clarified。
11.答案：has been praised
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:这是他第三次因志愿为红十字会工作而受到表扬。难怪他这么兴奋! "This/It is the +序数词+ time +主语+现在完成时"是固定句型,意为"这是……第几次做某事";且主语"he"与动词praise之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;且主语是"he",谓语动词应用单三形式。故填has been praised。
12.答案：is being discovered
解析：句意为:目前还不太清楚音乐是如何影响植物的发育和生长的,但是越来越多的东西正在被发现,而且我们在这一领域差不多就要发现确凿的科学证据。根据句意可知,此处表述的是现在进行的情况,应用现在进行时, more and more指的是发现的内容,为抽象概念,是不可数名词,与discover之间为被动关系,应用被动形式。故填is being discovered。
二、
答案：1. who 2. practiced 3. better 4. finally 5. to give 6. boring 7. an 8. my 9. with\to 10. than
答案：1. annually2. for3. which4. were considered5. products6. faster7. themselves8. a9. to wear10. featuring
解析：
这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了丝绸及丝绸制成的旗袍。
【小题1】考查副词。句意:主要产自长江三角洲南部,中国每年大约生产1.5亿吨丝绸。修饰动词produced,应用副词形式。故填annually。
【小题2】考查介词。句意:它占世界丝绸产量的78%。account for(数量、比例上)占,是……的原因,固定短语。故填for。
【小题3】考查定语从句。句意:以前皇帝和皇室都穿丝绸衣服,这在当时是地位的象征。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是Silk garments,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导,故填which。
【小题4】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:丝绸生产的方法被认为是一个严密保守的秘密,任何人泄露都可能受到死亡的威胁。主语The methods和谓语动词consider之间是被动关系,结合“could”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是名词复数,故填were considered。
【小题5】考查名词复数。句意:蚕丝是由蚕茧的蛋白质纤维制成的,是世界上编织最精细的产品之一。product是可数名词,one of后常接可数名词复数,表示“……之一”,故此处应用复数形式。故填products。
【小题6】考查副词比较级。句意:在受控的环境中喂食树叶,卵孵化后蚕的体重比以前增长得更快。由than可知,此处应用副词比较级形式。故填faster。
【小题7】考查反身代词。句意:在储存了足够的能量后,它们用一种白色胶状物质的纤维包围自己。空处作surround的宾语,与主语是同一对象,应用反身代词,故填themselves。
【小题8】考查不定冠词。句意:旗袍是一种独特的丝绸纪念品,你可能希望购买。souvenir是可数名词,此处泛指“一种独特的丝绸纪念品”,应用不定冠词,unique发音是以辅音音素开头,故填a。
【小题9】考查动词不定式。句意:上身容易,穿着合适,旗袍很适合中国女性的身材,它是一种中国式的连体连衣裙,以高领、紧身、在一边或两边开叉的直筒裙为特点。此处和“Easy to slip”句式一致,应用动词不定式。故填to wear。
【小题10】考查非谓语动词。句意:上身容易,穿着合适,旗袍很适合中国女性的身材,它是一种中国式的连体连衣裙,以高领、紧身、在一边或两边开叉的直筒裙为特点。动词feature和逻辑主语dress之间是主谓关系,应用现分词作后置定语。故填featuring。
答案：1. country’s2. connected3. pletely5. memories6. added7. the8. to ensure
9. will allow/allows10. for
解析：
考查学生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇知识的能力。
1. country’s 考查名词。【解析】考查名词所有格。
2. connected考查非谓语动词。【解析】根据语境可知,过去分词表语。
3. when考查连词。【解析】根据语境可知,when引导定语从句
4. completely考查词形转换。【解析】修饰动词短语cut off,故用副词。
5. memories考查名词。【解析】根据语境可知,此处用名词复数形式。
6. added考查谓语动词。【解析】根据上下文可知,此处用一般过去时。
7. the考查冠词。【解析】根据语境,这里特指上文的在线旅游。
8. to ensure考查非谓语动词。【解析】根据be aimed to do,故用不定式。
9. will allow/allows 考查谓语动词。【解析】根据上下文可知,此处可用一般将来时或现在时。
10. for考查介词。【解析】固定搭配,be famous for。

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